“De Maximis Non Curat Lex” or how Context Reduces Science to Art in the Practice of Human Factors

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 526-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neville Moray
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Applied Psychology ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Human Factors And Ergonomics ◽  
Data Tables ◽  
Context Free ◽  
User Centered

Frequently claims are made that what the discipline of human factors and ergonomics needs are better and more detailed data bases which can be used by designers as “look up” tables to specify the properties of human beings. Several of these already exist but they seem not to be satisfactory. The experience of teaching user centered design has convinced the author that the problem lies not in the absence of appropriate data tables for designers, but in the nature of the systems we design. Unlike many other engineering disciplines human factors is extremely sensitive to context. The result is that there are no such things as context free laws in applied psychology, and hence the value of data bases and tables is restricted to certain fairly basic ergonomic problems. It is moreover not merely in small details that laws do not apply - hence the title of this paper. Increasingly the nature of advanced systems renders such data bases of little value unless we can develop equivalent data bases which describe context, not merely the properties of humans.

scholarly journals Research Trends in Artificial Intelligence Applications in Human Factors Health Care: Mapping Review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Asan ◽  
Avishek Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Sociotechnical System ◽  
Human Factors And Ergonomics ◽  
Mapping Review ◽  
User Centered

BACKGROUND Despite advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) to develop prediction and classification models, little research has been devoted to real-world translations with a user-centered design approach. AI development studies in the health care context have often ignored two critical factors of ecological validity and human cognition, creating challenges at the interface with clinicians and the clinical environment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this literature review was to investigate the contributions made by major human factors communities in health care AI applications. This review also discusses emerging research gaps, and provides future research directions to facilitate a safer and user-centered integration of AI into the clinical workflow. METHODS We performed an extensive mapping review to capture all relevant articles published within the last 10 years in the major human factors journals and conference proceedings listed in the “Human Factors and Ergonomics” category of the Scopus Master List. In each published volume, we searched for studies reporting qualitative or quantitative findings in the context of AI in health care. Studies are discussed based on the key principles such as evaluating workload, usability, trust in technology, perception, and user-centered design. RESULTS Forty-eight articles were included in the final review. Most of the studies emphasized user perception, the usability of AI-based devices or technologies, cognitive workload, and user’s trust in AI. The review revealed a nascent but growing body of literature focusing on augmenting health care AI; however, little effort has been made to ensure ecological validity with user-centered design approaches. Moreover, few studies (n=5 against clinical/baseline standards, n=5 against clinicians) compared their AI models against a standard measure. CONCLUSIONS Human factors researchers should actively be part of efforts in AI design and implementation, as well as dynamic assessments of AI systems’ effects on interaction, workflow, and patient outcomes. An AI system is part of a greater sociotechnical system. Investigators with human factors and ergonomics expertise are essential when defining the dynamic interaction of AI within each element, process, and result of the work system.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Human Factors Special Issue on User-Centered Design for Exoskeleton

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kermit G. Davis ◽  
Christopher R. Reid ◽  
David D. Rempel ◽  
Delia Treaster
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
User Centered

Development of a New Photographic Experience

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Steven M. Belz
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
User Centered

Success in the marketplace doesn't happen by accident but through the application of human factors/ergonomics user-centered design principles.

Looking Back for the Future: Learnings about User-Centered Design

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 872-873
Author(s):  
Susan M. Dray ◽  
Debra S. George
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Systems ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
The Future ◽  
Looking Back ◽  
User Centered

This paper describes the results of focus groups done with I/S professionals and business users to identify “best practices” for design of distributed systems. Many of these are “obvious” to a Human Factors professional, but the value of this effort was to help others to identify them from their own experience.

Applying User-Centered Design in the Context of the Deming Quality Cycle: The Design and Development of a Server Computer

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2-483-2-486
Author(s):  
Melroy E. D'Souza
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Quality Engineering ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Check Phase ◽  
Server Computer ◽  
User Centered

There are many different tools and methodologies in the field of human factors for user-centered design. Similarly, other fields have tools and methodologies that enable practitioners in those fields to perform their work. Although these tools may be used most productively within their specific fields, they might contain elements that lend themselves to being applied in other domain areas. The field of quality engineering has been around for a while and has many useful tools. The similarity in the goals of the fields of human factors engineering and quality engineering suggests that there could be certain methodologies and tools in the area of quality engineering that, practitioners of human factors might find useful and applicable to the development of products and services from a user-centered perspective. This paper explores the application of user-centered design in the context of the Deming Cycle to the development of a server computer in an actual organization. It also provides examples of actual issues that were identified during the “check” phase of the Deming Cycle, and describes the actions that were performed to address these issues.

scholarly journals User-Centred Design of Multidisciplinary Spatial Data Platforms for Human-History Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Meeli Roose ◽  
Tua Nylén ◽  
Harri Tolvanen ◽  
Outi Vesakoski
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human History ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
User Centered

The role of open spatial data is growing in human-history research. Spatiality can be utilized to bring together and seamlessly examine data describing multiple aspects of human beings and their environment. Web-based spatial data platforms can create equal opportunities to view and access these data. In this paper, we aim at advancing the development of user-friendly spatial data platforms for multidisciplinary research. We conceptualize the building process of such a platform by systematically reviewing a diverse sample of historical spatial data platforms and by piloting a user-centered design process of a multidisciplinary spatial data platform. We outline (1) the expertise needed in organizing multidisciplinary spatial data sharing, (2) data types that platforms should be able to handle, (3) the most useful platform functionalities, and (4) the design process itself. We recommend that the initiative and subject expertise should come from the end-users, i.e., scholars of human history, and all key end-user types should be involved in the design process. We also highlight the importance of geographic expertise in the process, an important link between subject, spatial and technical viewpoints, for reaching a common understanding and common terminology. Based on the analyses, we identify key development goals for spatial data platforms, including full layer management functionalities. Moreover, we identify the main roles in the user-centered design process, main user types and suggest good practices including a multimodal design workshop.

Human factors research and user-centered design.

2022 ◽  
pp. 725-738
Author(s):  
Robert W. Proctor ◽  
Leon Zeng ◽  
Kim-Phuong L. Vu
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Human Factors Research ◽  
User Centered

Health Technology @ Illinois: Innovating for Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
Nicole Holtzclaw-Stone ◽  
Gabrielle Choo-Kang ◽  
Marlene Robles Granda ◽  
Asif Huq ◽  
Tia King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Technology Program ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Specific Focus ◽  
Professional Degree ◽  
User Centered

This panel provided an overview of the MS Health Technology program and included the experiences of the students in the program. We provided an overview of the simulation spaces on campus that support this unique interdisciplinary professional degree. There is a rapidly growing need for well-trained professionals with skills in software application, hardware engineering, human factors, and user-centered design to create innovative health technologies. The graduates of this program will begin to fulfill the need for well-trained human factors professionals who have a specific focus on health technologies.

Handheld Computer Terminals: Starting off Right the First Time

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen S. Wilson ◽  
Thomas R. Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Handheld Computer ◽  
Guidelines And Standards ◽  
User Centered

Advances in miniaturization and wireless communications are providing the computer industry with the impetus to design handheld, portable computer terminals. Until enough research and experience evolves from handheld terminals to build a literature on design factors and to develop design guidelines and standards that would provide starting points for product design, the human factors community must rely on its user-centered design approach of designing, prototyping, and testing to ensure a safe and usable form factor for such terminals. The methodology that was used in establishing the design criteria for such a terminal included literature research, focus groups with potential users, contextual field research, expert testimony, and primary laboratory research, including a grasp analysis and screen viewability, data entry, signature capture, and holsterability testing. The user-centered design process described here provided the information required to establish the basic design criteria that would assure user safety and task efficiency. It also revealed informational needs for the human factors community involved in the development of handheld computer terminals.

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