Motor Skill Training May Restore Impaired Corticospinal Tract Fibers in Children With Cerebral Palsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Bleyenheuft ◽  
Laurence Dricot ◽  
Daniela Ebner-Karestinos ◽  
Julie Paradis ◽  
Geoffroy Saussez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Functional Restoration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Skill Training

Background. In children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP), the fibers of the corticospinal tract (CST) emerging from the lesioned hemisphere are damaged following the initial brain injury. The extent to which the integrity of these fibers is restorable with training is unknown. Objective. To assess changes in CST integrity in children with UCP following Hand-and-Arm-Bimanual-Intensive-Therapy-Including-Lower-Extremity (HABIT-ILE) compared to a control group. Methods. Forty-four children with UCP participated in this study. Integrity of the CSTs was measured using diffusion tensor imaging before and after 2 weeks of HABIT-ILE (treatment group, n = 23) or 2 weeks apart without intensive treatment (control group, n = 18). Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were the endpoints for assessing the integrity of CST. Results. As highlighted in our whole tract analysis, the FA of the CST originating from the nonlesioned and lesioned hemispheres increased significantly after therapy in the treatment group compared to the control group (group * test session interaction: P < .001 and P = .049, respectively). A decrease in MD was also observed in the CST emerging from the nonlesioned and lesioned hemispheres (group * time interaction: both P < .001). In addition, changes in manual ability correlated with changes in FA in both CSTs ( r = 0.463, P = .024; r = 0.643, P < .001) and changes in MD in CST emerging from nonlesioned hemisphere ( r = −0.662, P < .001). Conclusions. HABIT-ILE improves FA/MD in the CST and hand function of children with UCP, suggesting that CST fibers retain a capacity for functional restoration. This finding supports the application of intensive motor skill training in clinical practice for the benefit of numerous patients.

scholarly journals Effect of Motor Skill Training on Balance and Hand – Eye Coordination in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Abaranjitha R ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Hand Eye Coordination ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Motor Skill Training

Background: ADHD or Attention Deficit Hyperactive disorder is one of the most common condition affecting children. It is a neuro behavioural disorder affecting boys more than girls with a ratio of 3:1 and it affects almost 3 to 6 percentage of school children. There are limited number of studies on motor skill training to improve attention, balance and hand eye coordination. Methodology: Quasi Experimental, Convenient sampling, sample size was 30. The Participants for the study were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and experimental group followed 6 weeks of motor skill training exercise along with conventional physiotherapy. Conclusion: The results of this study showed post-test values of paediatric balance scale, nine-hole peg board test and gross motor functional measure of experimental and control group has a p value < 0.05 which is statistically significant. The study concludes that, motor skill training on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder shows significant improvement in balance and hand eye coordination.

The use of clinical case management for early stage Alzheimer' patients and their families

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Chu ◽  
Joy Edwards ◽  
Ron Levin ◽  
Jim Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Training And Education

A number of studies have investigated the effectiveness of community based interventions to delay placement for persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to ease caregiver burden, with mixed results. However, much of this research involved subjects who were in later stages of AD or the disease stage was not specified. Some researchers have suggested that the timing of interventions in these studies contributed to negative outcomes. This paper presents the results of a project which provided a comprehensive home care program to persons with early stage AD and their primary caregivers over a period of 18 months. Results indicated that caregivers in the treatment group felt less burdened at six months than caregivers in the control group and institutionalization was delayed for patients (with mild to moderate impairment) in the treatment group. These differences seem most attributable to the case management service provided to persons in the treatment group which featured supportive counseling, referral, skill training and education.

scholarly journals A Hierarchical Model of Motor Skill for Haptic-assisted Virtual Reality Training

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Dangxiao Wang ◽  
Yuru Zhang ◽  
Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Training System ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Generic Model ◽  
Coupling Mechanism ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Motor Skill Training ◽  
Task Level

Model of motor skill pattern is a fundamental component to support feedback mechanism in haptic-assisted motor skill training. Because of the diversity of manipulation tasks in real world, it is a challenge to construct a generic model for various motor skill patterns. Considering fine motor skill mediated by a rigid tool, criteria for a general model of motor skill are identified: generality, quantifiable representation and the capability to support real-time error computation. A hierarchical motor skill model is proposed in a two-level architecture: the spatial-temporal coupling mechanism in task level and the quantified representation in action level. The purpose of task level is to decompose a motor skill into basic elements that can be described with quantified representation. The purpose of the action level is to give quantified representation in each single dimension in the Cartesian Space. Based on the combinations of independent variants, mapping functions in the action level are classified as five basic types. The proposed model can provide a systematical view to compare various motor skills in literatures, and thus can help us to identify unexplored topics in haptic-enabled motor skill training area. Furthermore, examples of two motor skill tasks show that the proposed model can provide a systematic way to design training system for complex motor skills.

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