scholarly journals Motor Skill Training : Setting Goals for Children with Cerebral Palsy

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Satoru SATO
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Training Setting ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Skill Training

Motor Skill Training May Restore Impaired Corticospinal Tract Fibers in Children With Cerebral Palsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Bleyenheuft ◽  
Laurence Dricot ◽  
Daniela Ebner-Karestinos ◽  
Julie Paradis ◽  
Geoffroy Saussez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Functional Restoration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Skill Training

Background. In children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP), the fibers of the corticospinal tract (CST) emerging from the lesioned hemisphere are damaged following the initial brain injury. The extent to which the integrity of these fibers is restorable with training is unknown. Objective. To assess changes in CST integrity in children with UCP following Hand-and-Arm-Bimanual-Intensive-Therapy-Including-Lower-Extremity (HABIT-ILE) compared to a control group. Methods. Forty-four children with UCP participated in this study. Integrity of the CSTs was measured using diffusion tensor imaging before and after 2 weeks of HABIT-ILE (treatment group, n = 23) or 2 weeks apart without intensive treatment (control group, n = 18). Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were the endpoints for assessing the integrity of CST. Results. As highlighted in our whole tract analysis, the FA of the CST originating from the nonlesioned and lesioned hemispheres increased significantly after therapy in the treatment group compared to the control group (group * test session interaction: P < .001 and P = .049, respectively). A decrease in MD was also observed in the CST emerging from the nonlesioned and lesioned hemispheres (group * time interaction: both P < .001). In addition, changes in manual ability correlated with changes in FA in both CSTs ( r = 0.463, P = .024; r = 0.643, P < .001) and changes in MD in CST emerging from nonlesioned hemisphere ( r = −0.662, P < .001). Conclusions. HABIT-ILE improves FA/MD in the CST and hand function of children with UCP, suggesting that CST fibers retain a capacity for functional restoration. This finding supports the application of intensive motor skill training in clinical practice for the benefit of numerous patients.

scholarly journals A Hierarchical Model of Motor Skill for Haptic-assisted Virtual Reality Training

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Dangxiao Wang ◽  
Yuru Zhang ◽  
Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Training System ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Generic Model ◽  
Coupling Mechanism ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Motor Skill Training ◽  
Task Level

Model of motor skill pattern is a fundamental component to support feedback mechanism in haptic-assisted motor skill training. Because of the diversity of manipulation tasks in real world, it is a challenge to construct a generic model for various motor skill patterns. Considering fine motor skill mediated by a rigid tool, criteria for a general model of motor skill are identified: generality, quantifiable representation and the capability to support real-time error computation. A hierarchical motor skill model is proposed in a two-level architecture: the spatial-temporal coupling mechanism in task level and the quantified representation in action level. The purpose of task level is to decompose a motor skill into basic elements that can be described with quantified representation. The purpose of the action level is to give quantified representation in each single dimension in the Cartesian Space. Based on the combinations of independent variants, mapping functions in the action level are classified as five basic types. The proposed model can provide a systematical view to compare various motor skills in literatures, and thus can help us to identify unexplored topics in haptic-enabled motor skill training area. Furthermore, examples of two motor skill tasks show that the proposed model can provide a systematic way to design training system for complex motor skills.

scholarly journals Long-term motor skill training with individually adjusted progressive difficulty enhances learning and promotes corticospinal plasticity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasse Christiansen ◽  
Malte Nejst Larsen ◽  
Mads Just Madsen ◽  
Michael James Grey ◽  
Jens Bo Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Visuomotor Task ◽  
Motor Skill Training

Abstract Motor skill acquisition depends on central nervous plasticity. However, behavioural determinants leading to long lasting corticospinal plasticity and motor expertise remain unexplored. Here we investigate behavioural and electrophysiological effects of individually tailored progressive practice during long-term motor skill training. Two groups of participants practiced a visuomotor task requiring precise control of the right digiti minimi for 6 weeks. One group trained with constant task difficulty, while the other group trained with progressively increasing task difficulty, i.e. continuously adjusted to their individual skill level. Compared to constant practice, progressive practice resulted in a two-fold greater performance at an advanced task level and associated increases in corticospinal excitability. Differences were maintained 8 days later, whereas both groups demonstrated equal retention 14 months later. We demonstrate that progressive practice enhances motor skill learning and promotes corticospinal plasticity. These findings underline the importance of continuously challenging patients and athletes to promote neural plasticity, skilled performance, and recovery.

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