scholarly journals The Role of Sleep in the Control of Food Intake

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Shechter ◽  
Michael A. Grandner ◽  
Marie-Pierre St-Onge
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Positive Energy Balance

Short sleep duration is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for obesity. Sleep is now considered 1 of the 3 lifestyle behaviors, along with diet and exercise, which are closely associated with health. If sleep duration is a causal factor in the etiology of obesity, it must affect energy intake and/or energy expenditure to create a positive energy balance. The preponderance of evidence to date points to an effect of sleep restriction on energy intake that exceeds the added energy costs of maintaining longer wakefulness. Observational studies describe greater intakes of energy, fat, and possibly carbohydrates in short sleepers and this is corroborated by clinical interventions. These intervention studies further provide mechanistic explanations, via alterations in hormonal and neuronal controls of food intake, for an association between short sleep and obesity.

scholarly journals The Role of Sleep Curtailment on Leptin Levels in Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
Maryam Mosavat ◽  
Mitra Mirsanjari ◽  
Diana Arabiat ◽  
Aisling Smyth ◽  
Lisa Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Emerging evidence has identified sleep as a significant, but modifiable, risk factor for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and obesity. Leptin, an adipocyte-derived peptide and a regulator of food intake and energy expenditure, has been shown to be associated with a short sleep duration in the pathophysiology of obesity and consequently type 2 diabetes. This review focuses on the current evidence indicating the effects of a short sleep duration on the regulation of leptin concentration in association with obesity and diabetes mellitus. In summary, the evidence suggests that sleep deprivation, by affecting leptin regulation, may lead to obesity and consequently development of type 2 diabetes through increased appetite and food intake. However, findings on the role of leptin in diabetes due to sleep deprivation are contradictory, and further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm previous findings.

Short Sleep Duration is Associated with Central Arterial Stiffness in Children Independent of Other Lifestyle Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-245
Author(s):  
Lee Stoner ◽  
Simon Higgins ◽  
Katherine Black ◽  
Kim Boggess ◽  
Michelle L. Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep

scholarly journals Postgraduate Symposium The role of fat in gastric emptying and satiety: acute and chronic effects

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Clegg ◽  
Amir Shafat
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increase Food Intake ◽  
Positive Energy Balance

Dietary fat is an important factor in the aetiology of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. It has been widely debated whether gastric emptying (GE) is altered in obesity. GE times have been reported as both longer and shorter in obese individuals compared with matched lean individuals. However, the general consensus is that GE is accelerated and satiety is lower in obesity. Research has implicated a high-fat (HF) diet in these findings. A single HF meal has a longer GE time than a low-fat meal and can even delay GE of the subsequent meal. However, an HF diet has shown different effects. Feeding a HF diet adapts gastrointestinal function to reduce GE times in comparison with a low-fat diet. Increased GE may lead to decreased satiety and faster onset of subsequent eating episodes. Further results have suggested that consuming an HF diet for 14 d increases the GE rate of HF food but not low-fat food. Consuming HF diets for 2 weeks has also been shown to increase food intake. Decreased satiation following an HF diet may cause increased food intake and a positive energy balance, potentially resulting in a gradual increase in adiposity. Recent results have suggested that gastrointestinal transit is accelerated following only 3 d on a HF diet. The variable GE times reported in obesity may be associated with interactions between the HF diet and obesity and not simply the obese state.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Pregnancy—More Questions than Answers

2013 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Soha Patel ◽  
Judette M Louis ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
In Pregnancy

The role of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in pregnancy is not well studied, but an increasing body of literature appears to indicate that there may be adverse maternal and fetal health effects of the disease. OSA is associated with a twofold risk for pre-eclampsia. The small size of the existing investigations still leave unanswered questions about the consequences of OSA as it relates to some other clinically relevant outcomes such as eclampsia, stillbirth, and maternal mortality. A consistent body of literature has emerged demonstrating an increased risk for insulin resistance and diabetes associated with OSA. However, among pregnant women, the association appears to be related to short sleep duration. Well-designed and adequately powered studies are required to further delineate the role of OSA and sleep duration on pregnancy outcome and the mechanisms of those effects.

scholarly journals 0954 Domestic Violence as a Risk Factor for Insomnia and Short Sleep Duration, and the Role of Depressed Mood and Anxiety Symptoms

SLEEP ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. A354-A354
Author(s):  
M Grandner ◽  
K Olivier ◽  
W Killgore ◽  
J Gehrels ◽  
P Alfonso-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep

scholarly journals Short sleep duration and obesity: the role of emotional stress and sleep disturbances

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
A N Vgontzas ◽  
H-M Lin ◽  
M Papaliaga ◽  
S Calhoun ◽  
A Vela-Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Emotional Stress ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep

scholarly journals Body composition impact on sleep in young adults: The mediating role of sedentariness, physical activity, and diet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almudena Carneiro-Barrera ◽  
Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete ◽  
Francisco M. Acosta ◽  
Jonatan R. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Objectively Measured

Abstract Background Obesity and short sleep duration have both been related to endocrine and metabolic alterations, type II diabetes mellitus, life-threating cardiovascular diseases, and impaired daytime functioning and mood. However, the bidirectional relationship between these conditions and underlying mechanisms still remain unclear, especially in young adults. Objective This cross-sectional study therefore was aimed at elucidating the potential association of anthropometric and body composition parameters with objective and subjective sleep duration and quality in young sedentary adults, considering the potential mediating role of objectively-measured sedentariness, physical activity, and diet. Methods A total of 187 adults aged 18-25 (35.29% men) were included in the study. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio were calculated through weight, height, waist and hip circumferences measures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner was used to assess body composition parameters such as lean mass index, fat mass index and visceral adipose tissue mass. Sedentary time, physical activity, and sleep duration and quality were objectively measured using accelerometry, sleep quality also being subjectively measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Dietary intake was assessed by means of 24h recall questionnaires. Results BMI, waist-hip ratio and lean mass index were inversely associated to objectively-measured total sleep time and sleep efficiency (p < 0.05). Sedentary time moderated by sex explained the effects of BMI on total sleep time such that a high BMI was related to higher sedentariness in men which, in turn, was significantly associated with shorter sleep duration. Discussion Sedentary time is a link-risk factor mediating the adverse consequences of high BMI on short sleep duration in healthy young men. However, not until the complex association between body composition and sleep in young population is properly understood will it be possible to establish appropriate therapeutic goals addressing the early morbidity and mortality that obesity and short sleep duration certainly determine.

scholarly journals Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Pregnancy – More Questions than Answers

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soha Patel ◽  
Judette M Louis ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
In Pregnancy

The role of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in pregnancy is not well studied, but an increasing body of literature appears to indicate that there may be adverse maternal and foetal health effects of the disease. OSA is associated with a twofold risk of pre-eclampsia. The small size of the existing investigations still leave unanswered questions about the consequences of OSA as it relates to some other clinically relevant outcomes such as eclampsia, stillbirth and maternal mortality. A consistent body of literature has emerged demonstrating an increased risk of insulin resistance and diabetes associated with OSA. However, among pregnant women, the association appears to be related to short sleep duration. Well-designed and adequately powered studies are needed to further delineate the role of OSA and sleep duration on pregnancy outcome and the mechanisms of those effects.

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