Current Treatment of Superficial Vein Thrombosis and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

Objectives Ambient temperature (that impacts differently venous flow in superficial and deep veins) could have a different effect on the risk of superficial and deep venous thrombosis. We searched for a trimestral variation of the risk of superficial venous thrombosis among all lower-limb thrombotic events (lower-limb thrombotic events = superficial venous thrombosis + deep venous thrombosis). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the results of venous ultrasound investigations performed among 11,739 patients (aged 67 ± 19 years old, 56.1% males) referred for suspected lower-limb thrombotic events over a 12-year period. Chi-square test was used to compare the superficial venous thrombosis/lower-limb thrombotic events ratio observed by trimesters to a homogeneous distribution. Results The proportion of lower-limb thrombotic events were 30.7%, 28.8%, 31.1%, and 31.4% (Chi2: 0.133; p = 0.987) of total investigations, while that of superficial venous thrombosis among all lower-limb venous thrombotic events were 27.2%, 30.0%, 31.4%, and 31.0%, for the first, second, third, and fourth trimesters respectively (Chi2: 0.357; p: 0.949). Conclusion No trimestral variation of the superficial venous thrombosis/lower-limb venous thrombotic events ratio was observed.

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The risk of venous thrombosis in individuals with a history of superficial vein thrombosis and acquired venous thrombotic risk factors

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2013-07-518159 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 122 (26) ◽

pp. 4264-4269 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Rachel E. J. Roach ◽

Willem M. Lijfering ◽

Astrid van Hylckama Vlieg ◽

Frans M. Helmerhorst ◽

Frits R. Rosendaal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Superficial Vein ◽

Thrombotic Risk ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Thrombotic Risk Factor ◽

Key Points ◽

Superficial Vein Thrombosis ◽

History Of

Key Points Superficial vein thrombosis combined with an acquired thrombotic risk factor increases the risk of venous thrombosis 10- to 100-fold. If confirmed, these findings have important implications for the future prevention of venous thrombosis.

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Increased risk of venous thrombosis in persons with clinically diagnosed superficial vein thrombosis: results from the MEGA study

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2011-05-356071 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 118 (15) ◽

pp. 4239-4241 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Kirsten van Langevelde ◽

Willem M. Lijfering ◽

Frits R. Rosendaal ◽

Suzanne C. Cannegieter

Keyword(s):

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Factor V Leiden ◽

Population Based ◽

Factor V ◽

Superficial Vein ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Superficial Vein Thrombosis ◽

History Of ◽

Deep Vein

Abstract Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) is regarded a self-limiting disorder, although the authors of recent studies showed that ultrasonographically diagnosed SVT is a precursor for venous thrombosis. We aimed to determine whether the same holds true for clinically diagnosed SVT and to what extent it is associated with thrombophilia in a population-based case-control study (ie, Multiple Environmental and Genetic Assessment of risk factors for venous thrombosis). We found that a history of clinical SVT was associated with a 6.3-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.0-8.0) increased risk of deep-vein thrombosis and a 3.9-fold (95% CI 3.0-5.1) increased risk of pulmonary embolism. Blood group non-O and factor V Leiden showed a small increase in SVT risk in controls, with odds ratios of 1.3 (95% CI 0.9-2.0) and 1.5 (95% CI 0.7-3.3), respectively. In conclusion, clinically diagnosed SVT was a risk factor for venous thrombosis. Given that thrombophilia was only weakly associated with SVT, it is likely that other factors (varicosis, obesity, stasis) also play a role in its etiology.

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MODERN OUTLOOKS ON RISK FACTORS OF CEREBRAL VENOUS THROMBOSIS

Ulyanovsk Medico-biological Journal ◽

10.34014/2227-1848-2020-3-8-20 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 8-20

Author(s):

L.A. Belova ◽

V.V. Mashin ◽

A.I. Sitnikova ◽

D.V. Belov

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽

After Effects ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Thrombosis Risk ◽

Disease Diagnostics ◽

Superficial Vein Thrombosis ◽

Deep Vein ◽

Venous Stroke

The review presents the main risk factors for cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). It outlines current understanding of their role in the pathogenesis of venous strokes. The purpose of the review is to systematize the CVT risk factors according to their effect on a particular component of the Virchow’s triad. Pubmed and eLIBRARY, as well as publications and papers on the issue were considered to be the main sources. As a rule, CVT is a multifactorial disease, which is more typical for young people, more often women. However, it can also occur in children and elderly patients. Since CVT does not always have a specific onset, knowledge of risk factors can help in the early disease diagnostics. In comparison with arterial thrombosis, CVT prognosis is generally more favorable. However, the consequences of the disease remain in 15–30 % of patients. The article presents the factors influencing CVT prognosis and outcome. It is considered, that such patients require timely detection and early diagnostics, as it will increase treatment efficacy, reduce after-effects and mortality. Keywords: cerebral venous thrombosis, risk factors, deep vein thrombosis, superficial vein thrombosis, venous stroke. В обзоре представлены основные факторы риска развития церебральных венозных тромбозов (ЦВТ). Обсуждаются современные представления о роли этих факторов в патогенезе венозных инсультов. Целью данного обзора является систематизация факторов риска ЦВТ в зависимости от влияния на тот или иной компонент триады Вирхова. В качестве источников информации использовались данные электронных библиотек Pubmed, eLIBRARY , а также публикации и статьи по данной проблеме. ЦВТ представляет собой, как правило, мультифакторное заболевание, более характерное для лиц молодого возраста, чаще женского пола, но также встречающееся у детей и пожилых пациентов. Поскольку ЦВТ не всегда имеет специфическое начало, знание факторов риска может помочь в ранней диагностике этого заболевания. Прогноз при ЦВТ, по сравнению с артериальным тромбозом, в целом более благоприятный. Однако у 15–30 % пациентов остаются последствия данного заболевания. В статье представлены факторы, влияющие на прогноз и исход ЦВТ. Постулируется, что указанная категория пациентов требует своевременного распознавания и ранней диагностики заболевания, что будет способствовать повышению эффективности лечения, уменьшению последствий патологии и снижению летальности. Ключевые слова: церебральный венозный тромбоз, факторы риска, тромбоз глубоких вен, тромбоз поверхностных вен, венозный инсульт.

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