Tissue Quantification of CA 125 in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. De La Cuesta ◽  
M.L. Maestro ◽  
J. Solana ◽  
J.A. Vidart ◽  
M. Escudero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Risk Of Death

The objectives of this study were the determination of CA 125 in the cytosol of healthy and carcinomatous ovarian tissue by immunoanalysis, analysis of its correlation with the biological characteristics of ovarian carcinoma, determination of serum CA 125 levels, and study of the prognostic value of the marker in cytosol. The levels of the marker depend not only on the tumor's production rate, so its determination in tissue can indicate more accurately if the tumor is a producer of the marker and establish its value for the prognosis of the disease. Determination of CA 125 in tissue was performed by immunoanalysis in 50 ovarian epithelial cancer samples, 13 benign pathology samples and 32 healthy ovary samples. The presurgical serum level of the marker was also obtained. The correlation between the CA 125 level in the cytosol and the different biological characteristics of the ovarian carcinoma, the serum levels of the marker and survival were analyzed. The CA 125 level proved to be higher in malignant tissue (p<0.0001). There was a significant association between the tissue marker and histological type (high CA 125 was associated with serous and endometrioid tumors) and between the marker and survival. No relation with stage was found. There was a correlation between the CA 125 level in the cytosol and serum, both variables being dependent, with a correlation coefficient of 0.44. This good correlation speaks in favor of the usefulness of CA 125 determination in serum in the follow-up of ovarian cancer. Tumors having high tissue expression of CA 125 were found to have a double relative risk of death, independently of tumor stage.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Study of CA 125 in Surface Epithelial Tumors of Ovary in Correlation with Serum Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. A355-360
Author(s):  
Karishma Pillarisetty ◽  
Savithri Ravindra
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Neoplasms ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Epithelial Differentiation ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Epithelial Tumors ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Ovarian carcinoma is the 4th leading cancer among women in India. Primary ovarian neoplasms exhibit a wide range of histopathological patterns and tumors with epithelial differentiation are most frequent. Among malignant tumors, most common histological type is serous adenocarcinoma whose diagnosis is established in advanced stages of disease in approximately 75% of patients. The most widely used tumor marker in ovarian cancer, often considered “gold standard” is Cancer Antigen125. Cancer Antigen 125 is a high molecular weight glycoprotein which is raised in approximately 90% of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.   Methods: A 2 year prospective study included 81 cases of ovarian neoplasms with surface epithelial differentiation.  The specimens were fixed in 10% formalin, routinely processed. Sections of 4-5 microns thickness were obtained from the paraffin block and stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin. The tumors were categorised according to WHO classification.  Immunohistochemical analysis of Cancer Antigen 125 was done in all malignant & borderline tumors.   Result: A total of 81 cases were studied. There were 15 cases with elevated serum Cancer Antigen 125 levels. Of these 8 showed positive tissue expression. The sensitivity of serum Cancer Antigen 125 was 68.75% & its specificity was 93.8%.   Conclusion: Serum Cancer Antigen 125 is elevated in ovarian tumors especially in malignant surface epithelial tumors & more commonly in serous cystadenocarcinoma. There was a good correlation between serum levels & tissue expression of Cancer Antigen 125.

scholarly journals High Serum Levels of Follistatin in Patients with Ovarian Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 877-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ren ◽  
F-F Chen ◽  
H-Y Liu ◽  
X-L Cui ◽  
Y Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tumour Marker ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Serum Samples

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the potential use of serum follistatin (FST) as a marker for ovarian cancer alongside serum cancer antigen-125 (CA-125). METHODS: Serum samples were collected from patients with ovarian cancer ( n = 45), benign ovarian cysts ( n = 40) or other cancers ( n = 100) and from healthy subjects ( n = 60) for the determination of FST and CA-125 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Expression of FST in ovarian tissue was investigated using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Compared with healthy subjects and patients with benign ovarian cysts, serum FST and CA-125 levels were significantly increased in patients with ovarian cancer. Using the 95% confidence interval for the healthy subjects group as the cut-off value, tumour marker sensitivity and specificity in ovarian cancer were 53.3% and 97% for FST and 77.8% and 84% for CA-125, respectively. Tissue expression of FST protein was more pronounced in ovarian cancer than in normal ovary. CONCLUSIONS: The serum FST level was elevated in the peripheral blood of patients with ovarian cancer and has potential as a tumour marker for ovarian cancer diagnosis. It may be particularly useful when combined with CA-125 detection to reduce the number of false-positive results.

Preoperative Evaluation of Ferritinemia in Primary Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 927-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Pinto ◽  
Marco Marinaccio ◽  
Sergio Garofalo ◽  
Angela Maria Vittoria Larocca ◽  
Simona Geusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Ferritin Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Aims and background High ferritin serum levels have been reported in patients suffering from various malignancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ferritinemia in the preoperative diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma. Methods Between March 1993 and September 1996, 60 patients suffering from ovarian carcinoma were surgically treated at our Department. Their ferritin serum levels were measured preoperatively by a solid-phase, two-site chemiluminescent immunometric assay and compared with those of a group of 60 healthy, age-matched, non pregnant controls. Results The mean serum concentration of ferritin was 54.7 ± 7.8 ng/ml (range, 14–135) in healthy controls and 112.3 ± 21.2 ng/ml (range, 9–947) in patients with ovarian carcinoma. The difference was statistically significant (P = 0.005, X2 test = 7.951). Serum ferritin was elevated preoperatively (cutoff ≥ 120 ng/ml) in 18/60 patients with malignancy (sensitivity 30%), whereas the CA 125 levels were above the cutoff in 53/60 patients (sensitivity 88.3%). Only 2/60 women of the control group had ferritin titers > 120 ng/ml (specificity 96.7%). The ferritin levels increased with advancing disease stage; no significant correlation was found between ferritin concentration and neoplastic histology and grading. The mean serum iron levels were also measured preoperatively in patients with ovarian carcinoma and healthy controls. They were 57.2 ± 3.8 and 66.3 ± 2.61 μg/dl, respectively, and the difference was not significant (P = 0.655, X2 test= 0.200). Conclusions The present study underlines that although ferritin shows an elevated specificity, its low sensitivity does not suggest any true usefulness as a tumor marker in epithelial ovarian cancer.

Immunosuppressive Acidic Protein (Iap) and Ca 125 Assays in Detection of Human Ovarian Cancer: Preliminary Results

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Castelli ◽  
Patrizio Romano ◽  
Giuseppe Atlante ◽  
Maurizio Pozzi ◽  
Umberto Ferrini
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Human Ovarian Cancer ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Immunosuppressive Acidic Protein ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Combined Measurements

Serum levels of the immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and CA-125 were measured in 45 patients with ovarian tumors (30 malignant and 15 benign) before surgery. Concentrations of both markers were slightly increased in benign forms but still within the upper limit for controls. The sensitivity of IAP in detecting ovarian cancer was higher than CA-125 (83.4% versus 76.7%). Five false negatives were observed in IAP assay and seven for CA-125. Parallel determination of both markers, however, improved the diagnostic accuracy up to 90.0% of the total malignant cases. Combined measurements of circulating IAP and CA-125 are therefore recommended in the detection of ovarian cancers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Potential Diagnostic Utility of the Determination of Selected Caspases—Markers Involved in the Regulation of Apoptosis—In Patients with Ovarian Cancer

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 704
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz ◽  
Sylwia Jasińska ◽  
Anna Strzelec
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serous Cystadenoma ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Caspase 8 ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Therapeutic Problem

Ovarian cancer remains a major diagnostic and therapeutic problem in modern gynecological oncology. For this reason, research which focuses on the search for new diagnostic markers and the assessment of their possible usefulness in clinical practice is still being conducted. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in women with ovarian cancer. Patients with ovarian serous cystadenoma (Cystadenoma serosum) and papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma (Cystadenocarcinoma papillare serosum IIIC) were included in the study, as well as healthy women who constituted the control group. The results of the study revealed a statistically significantly decreased mean serum levels of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in women with ovarian cancer as compared to the control group (p ˂ 0.001), which indicates the involvement of the studied parameters in immune system disturbances occurring in the process of apoptosis by the extrinsic and intrinsic pathway and may be one of the mechanisms of immunosuppression accompanying these tumors. Determination of serum levels of examined caspases and CA 125 antigen in women with ovarian cancer in combination with other markers may prove useful in the future in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer, but this requires further studies.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of circulating tumor cell related markers in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer before and after adjuvant chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam Yousefi ◽  
Sara Rajaie ◽  
Vahideh Keyvani ◽  
Somayeh Bolandi ◽  
Malihe Hasanzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cell ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Before And After

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) have recently been considered as new prognostic and diagnostic markers for various human cancers; however, their significance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains to be elucidated. In this study, using quantitative real-time PCR, we evaluated the expression of EPCAM, MUC1, CEA, HE4 and CA125 mRNAs, as putative markers of CTCs, in the blood of 51 EOC patients before and/or after adjuvant chemotherapy. Our results demonstrated that, before chemotherapy, the expression of EPCAM, MUC1, CEA and HE4 mRNAs were correlated to each other. CEA expression was correlated with tumor stage (r = 0.594, p = 0.000) before chemotherapy, whereas its expression after chemotherapy was correlated with serum levels of CA125 antigen (r = 0.658, p = 0.000). HE4 mRNA showed the highest sensitivity both before and after chemotherapy (82.98% and 85.19%, respectively) and the persistence of this marker after chemotherapy was associated with advanced disease stage. The expression of CA125 mRNA had negative correlation with the other markers and with tumor stage and therapy response (evaluated by the measurement of serum CA125 antigen). Collectively, our results indicated a better clinical significance of tumor-specific markers (CEA and HE4 mRNAs) compared to epithelial-specific markers (EPCAM and MUC1 mRNAs).

Intraperitoneal Radioactive Phosphorus (32P) Versus Observation After Negative Second-Look Laparotomy for Stage III Ovarian Carcinoma: A Randomized Trial of the Gynecologic Oncology Group

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 2849-2855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh A. Varia ◽  
Frederick B. Stehman ◽  
Brian N. Bundy ◽  
Jo Ann Benda ◽  
Daniel L. Clarke-Pearson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Gynecologic Oncology Group ◽  
Consolidation Therapy ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Second Look ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: The objectives of this prospective randomized study of consolidation therapy were to evaluate recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and the morbidity of intraperitoneal (IP) chromic phosphate suspension (32P) therapy in patients with stage III epithelial ovarian carcinoma who have no detectable evidence of disease at the second-look laparotomy (SLL) procedure after primary chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: In a multi-institution clinical cooperative trial, 202 eligible patients with a negative SLL were randomly selected to receive either 15 mCi IP 32P (n = 104) or no further therapy (NFT; n = 98). Results: With a median follow-up of 63 months in living patients, 68 patients in the IP 32P group (65%) and 63 patients in the NFT group (64%) have developed tumor recurrence. The relative risk of recurrence is 0.90 (IP 32P to NFT) (90% confidence interval [CI], 0.68 to 1.19). The 5-year RFS rate is 42% and 36% for the IP 32P and NFT groups, respectively; the difference is not statistically significant (log-rank test, P = .27). There was no statistically significant difference in OS (P = .19). The relative risk of death is 0.85 (IP 32P to NFT) (90% CI, 0.62 to 1.16). Sixteen patients (8%) experienced grade 3 or 4 adverse effects, with eight in each respective group. Conclusion: Intraperitoneal chromic phosphate did not decrease the risk of relapse or improve survival for patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer after a negative SLL. Despite complete pathologic remission at SLL after initial surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy, 61% of stage III ovarian cancer patients had tumor recurrence within 5 years of negative SLL. This indicates a need for more effective initial therapy and further studies of consolidation therapy.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT scan in evaluation of clinically suspected recurrent ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Nimrah Sultana ◽  
Shaista Shoukat ◽  
Sadaf Nausheen ◽  
Bakhtawar Memon
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Recurrent Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Suspected Recurrence ◽  
Pet Ct Scan

Background: Accurate evaluation of ovarian carcinoma is utmost important for effective management. PET/CT is reported to be effective in evaluation of suspected recurrence of ovarian carcinoma. This study aims to assess the accuracy of PET/CT in evaluation of recurrent ovarian cancer among clinically suspected cases with rising tumor marker or suspicious clinic-radiological findings. Patients and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Radiology department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi from 22nd April 2019 to 21st April 2020. Patients having age of 40 to 60 years and referred for PET scan with suspected recurrence of ovarian carcinoma were consecutively enrolled. Patients were suspected due to relevant history, clinical findings and initial imaging investigations with elevated CA-125 level. Results of 18FDG PET/CT scan was correlated with the raised tumor findings. The PET/CT scan showing abnormally elevated FDG take-up and higher SUV values than the background activity considered recurrence. Diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT was calculated taking raised tumor level as reference category. Results: Of 65 patients, median age was 50 (43-56) years. The findings showed positive cases in 57 (87.7%) while negative in 8 (12.3%) patients, whereas the findings of tumor marker showed raised tumor marker in 61 (93.8%) patients. Diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value, negative predated value, and overall diagnostic accuracy as 93.44%, 100%, 100%, 50%, and 93.85% respectively. Conclusion: A higher accuracy of PET/CT was observed in the diagnosis of recurrent ovarian cancer among clinically suspected cases, thus helping in devising an appropriate management plan by the treating physician.

scholarly journals Pre-Treatment Prediction of Chemoresistance in Second-Line Chemotherapy of Ovarian Carcinoma: Value of Serological Tumor Marker Determination (Tetranectin, YKL-40, CASA, CA 125)

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gronlund ◽  
E.V.S. Høgdall ◽  
I.J. Christensen ◽  
J.S. Johansen ◽  
B. Nørgaard-Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Second Line Chemotherapy ◽  
Serological Tumor ◽  
Line Chemotherapy

Objective To examine if the determination of the levels of serological tumor markers at time of relapse had any predictive value for chemoresistance in the second-line treatment of ovarian cancer patients. Methods From a registry of consecutive single-institution patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma pretreated with paclitaxel plus platinum, we selected 82 patients with (a) solid tumor recurrence, and (b) second-line chemotherapy consisting of topotecan (platinum-resistant disease) or paclitaxel plus carboplatin (platinum-sensitive disease). Stored serum samples were analyzed for the biochemical tumor markers tetranectin, YKL-40, CASA (cancer-associated serum antigen), and CA 125. The serum tumor marker levels at time of relapse were correlated with response status at landmark time after 4 cycles of second-line chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses (chemoresistant vs non-chemoresistant disease) were performed. Results At landmark time, 26% of patients had progression according to the GCIG (Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup) progression criteria. In univariate logistic regression analysis, the tumor markers tetranectin (OR 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2–0.8; p=0.008), YKL-40 (OR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.0–3.3; p=0.045), and CASA (OR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2–2.7; p=0.007) had predictive value for second-line chemoresistance, whereas serum CA 125 had no predictive value. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum tetranectin and CASA both had independent predictive value for chemoresistance. The combined determination of tetranectin and CASA had a specificity of 90% with 33% sensitivity for the prediction of chemoresistance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.66–0.91; p=0.001). Conclusion Low serum levels of tetranectin, or high serum levels of CASA or YKL-40, are associated with increased risk of second-line chemoresistance in patients with ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals High serum and ascitic soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha levels in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer [see comments]

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
DP Barton ◽  
DK Blanchard ◽  
B Michelini-Norris ◽  
SV Nicosia ◽  
D Cavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor ◽  
Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Abstract This study was undertaken to determine if advanced epithelial ovarian cancer was associated with increased serum and ascitic levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha (sIL-2R alpha). Serum and ascitic fluid samples from 23 ovarian cancer patients were analyzed for sIL-2R alpha using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with the serum and peritoneal levels in 18 normal females. The samples were analyzed for CA-125 levels using a radioimmunoassay and the total protein was also measured. Normal individuals had low serum levels of sIL-2R alpha (367.5 +/- 44.6 U/mL), with similar levels of sIL-2R alpha in the normal peritoneal fluid (438.6 +/- 48.8 U/mL). In contrast, the serum and ascitic fluid levels in ovarian cancer patients were significantly higher (746.7 +/- 82.9 U/mL, P = .0006; 2,656.7 +/- 373.7 U/mL, P = .00002, respectively). The results for sIL-2R alpha were also significant when the levels were expressed per milligram of total protein. More importantly, in almost every ovarian cancer patient the ascitic sIL-2R alpha level far exceeded the serum level, a pattern also observed for CA-125. There was no correlation between the serum and ascitic sIL-2R alpha levels, or between the serum and ascitic CA-125 levels. Although the serum levels of sIL-2R alpha and CA-125 were elevated in the same patient, overall there was no correlation between the serum sIL-2R alpha and serum CA-125 levels, either when the levels were expressed in absolute units or per milligram of total protein. Similarly, there was no correlation between sIL-2R alpha and CA-125 levels in individual ascitic samples. While CA-125 levels may reflect an independent index of tumor burden, these results suggest that selective accumulation of sIL-2R alpha in the ascites may be one of the factors associated with the known nonresponsiveness of the infiltrating lymphocytes against ovarian carcinoma cells.

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