Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease in a Population with a High Prevalence of Obesity and Diabetes: A Case-Control Study of the Polynesian Population of Western Samoa

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Medilab SARL Backgroung Given the expected epidemic rise of coronary heart disease (CHD) in healthcare system and the potential severity of disease, CHD remains underestimated in women. Early identification of risk factors (RFs) will be important for their health promotion. Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate the RFs for CHD among Lebanese women aged 40 years and above. Methods A case-control study was carried out in 6 hospitals in the regions of Beirut and Mount-Lebanon, from December 2018 to December 2019 with a total of 1500 patients. Anthropometric and laboratory data were collected from the medical records of patients and structured questionnaire were used. Results CHD was positively associated with hyperlipidemia (aOR 2.852, 95% CI: 2.021–4.023), hypertension (2.715, 1.598–4.614), family history of CHD (2.645, 1.925–3.634), smoking (1.888, 1.393–2.558) and interestingly presence of joint pain (1.513, 1.107–2.068). While, residence in Mount-Lebanon seemed negatively associated with CHD (0.669, 0.467–0.959), as well as adherence to Mediterranean diet (0.964, 0.938–0.992) and physical activity (0.491, 0.259–0.930 and 0.718, 0.530–0.972, for high and moderate activity, respectively). Conclusion In our study, most of RFs associated with CHD in women are modifiable and preventable, highlighting the need of lifestyle interventions and appropriate control strategies and measures.

Download Full-text

A case control study on smoking, alcohol drinking and other risk factors of coronary heart disease in Hong Kong

10.5353/th_b2977533 ◽

2000 ◽

Author(s):

Siu-fung Chung

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Alcohol Drinking ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Study

Download Full-text

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and apolipoprotein E polymorphisms are independent risk factors for coronary heart disease in Japanese: a case-control study

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/s0021-9150(97)00244-x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 137 (1) ◽

pp. 23-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

T Ou

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Apolipoprotein E ◽

Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Independent Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

Download Full-text

Abacavir exposure and cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-positive patients with coronary heart disease: a retrospective case–control study

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh12081 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 97 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Janine M. Trevillyan ◽

Allen C. Cheng ◽

Jennifer Hoy

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Control Study

Background HIV-positive patients have an estimated twofold increased risk of acute myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease (CHD). While traditional cardiovascular risk factors and the effects of HIV and chronic inflammation all play a role, the contribution of long-term exposure to antiretroviral (ARV) agents is becoming clear. Methods: We performed a retrospective case–control study of HIV-positive patients seen from January 1996 to December 2009 to evaluate the impact of HIV suppression and exposure to specific ARVs on the incidence of CHD. Results: Cases (n = 68) were HIV-positive with evidence of CHD. Two age- and sex-matched HIV-positive controls (n = 136) without a diagnosis of CHD were assigned for each case. The cumulative incidence of CHD in the period covered by the study was 3.8%, with an incidence of 8.5 cases per 1000 patient-years of follow up. Cases had an increased likelihood of having hypertension (odds ratio (OR): 6.62, P < 0.001), a family history of CHD (OR: 5.82, P < 0.001), lower high-density lipoprotein levels (OR: 0.28, P = 0.025) and higher Framingham risk scores compared with controls. Following adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the presence of CHD was significantly associated with the current use of abacavir (OR: 2.10, P = 0.03). Protease inhibitor therapy, HIV viral load and duration of known HIV infection were not predictive of CHD in our patient population. Conclusions: Our data add to the evidence that abacavir use is associated with CHD in HIV-positive patients in Australia.

Download Full-text

Prediction of coronary heart disease incidence in a general male population by circulating non-coding small RNA sRNY1-5p in a nested case–control study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81221-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vera L. Costa ◽

Jean-Bernard Ruidavets ◽

Vanina Bongard ◽

Bertrand Perret ◽

Emanuela Repetto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Small Rna ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Case Control ◽

Male Population ◽

General Male Population ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

AbstractDuring the development of atherosclerotic lesion, s-RNYs (small RNAs of about 24/34 nucleotides) are derived by the processing of long Ro-associated non-coding RNAs (RNYs) in macrophages. The levels of serum s-RNYs have been found significantly upregulated in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) compared to age-matched CHD-free individuals. The present study aimed to examine the predictive value of serum s-RNYs for CHD events in the general male population. Within the frame of nested-case–control study, the GENES study, we measured the absolute expression of a RNY-derived small RNA, the s-RNY1-5p, in the serum of individuals (without CHD at baseline) who encountered a CHD event within 12 years of follow-up (n = 30) (Cases) and compared them to individuals who remained event-free (Controls) (n = 30). The expression of s-RNY1-5p in serum was significantly upregulated in Cases compared to Controls (p = 0.027). The proportion of CHD event-free was significantly higher among individuals with serum s-RNY1-5p below the median value (631 molecules/mL). In a multivariable model adjusted for age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, the risk of CHD events increased more than fourfold in individuals with serum s-RNY1-5p above the median value (HR, 4.36; 95% CI 1.22–15.60). A positive association with CHD events was also observed when considering s-RNY1-5p as a continuous variable (p = 0.022). Based on our results, we conclude that serum s-RNY1-5p is an independent predictor of CHD events in a general male population and might be a relevant biomarker for early detection of cardiovascular diseases.

Download Full-text

Antioxidant potential of diet: Association between dietary antioxidant index and odds of coronary heart disease: A case-control study

Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.3233/mnm-211503 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Farhad Vahid ◽

Zahra Nasiri ◽

Amir Abbasnezhad ◽

Ezatollah Fazeli Moghadam

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

P Value ◽

Dietary Antioxidants ◽

Dietary Antioxidant ◽

The Relationship ◽

Control Study

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are among the leading causes of coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies investigated the relationship between dietary antioxidants and the risk/odds of CHD, and contradictory results have been reported. Dietary antioxidant index (DAI) is a novel and reliable nutritional tool that examines the diet’s overall antioxidant capacity. Its validity was examined using serum total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between DAI score and odds of CHD. METHODS: In this incidence case-control study, 320 individuals with a definitive diagnosis of CHD and 320 participants without CHD or related risk factors attending the same hospitals/polyclinics were selected as the case and control groups. We estimated the DAI by summing up six standardized intakes of major dietary antioxidants, including manganese, vitamin E, A, C, selenium, and zinc. RESULTS: Modeling DAI categorized according to the median (–0.38), in multi-adjusted model showed a significant protective association with the odd of CHD (OR = 0.72; 95%CI:0.51–0.99, p-value = 0.05). Also, modeling DAI as a continuous variable in multi-adjusted models (OR = 0.94;95%CI:0.90–0.95; p-value = 0.01) showed significant results. CONCLUSION: Using the DAI to investigate the relationship between dietary antioxidants and CHD can show more realistic results than a single study of antioxidants.

Download Full-text