The institutional development of skills formation in Lithuania and Ukraine: Institutional settings, critical junctures and policy transfer

2021 ◽  
pp. 174549992110574
Author(s):  
Vidmantas Tūtlys ◽  
Daiva Bukantaitė ◽  
Sergii Melnyk ◽  
Aivaras Anužis
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
The Eu

The paper compares the institutional development of skills formation in Lithuania and Ukraine by focusing on the implications of the post-communist transition and Europeanization and exploring the role of policy transfer. The research follows the theoretical approach of historical institutionalism and skills formation ecosystems. Despite similar critical junctures typical for the institutional development of skills formation in Lithuania and Ukraine within this timeframe, the existing differences of these development pathways can be explained by the different policy choices and different impacts of the institutional legacy. The main implication of integration with the EU for skills formation in Lithuania and Ukraine is related with enabling holistic and strategic institutional development of skills formation institutions. The paper concludes that policy transfer was one of the key driving forces and capacity-building sources in the development of skills formation institutions in both countries.

20. Policy-making

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Knill ◽  
Jale Tosun
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Policy Cycle ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Policy Styles

This chapter examines the process related to policy-making as well as potential determinants of policy choices. It begins with a discussion of conceptual models of policy-making, namely: the institutional, rational, incremental, group, elite, and process models. It then considers the policy cycle, which models the policy process as a series of political activities, consisting of agenda setting, policy formulation, policy adoption, implementation, and evaluation. It also analyses the role of institutions, frames, and policy styles in policy-making and concludes with an assessment of the most crucial domestic and international factors shaping the design of policies, focusing in particular on theories of policy diffusion, policy transfer, and cross-national policy convergence, along with international sources that affect domestic policy-making.

Northern Europe by 2030: Contours and Algorithms of Development

2011 ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
K. Voronov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
The Status ◽  
External Driving ◽  
The Eu

The author proposes a forecast concerning the development of the Northern Europe countries up to 2030. The region is in direct dependence on international political developments. At least, these include: global change of the West’s role and place in the next world; the relative reduction of the role of the United States in the system of the Transatlantic connections; transformation of the EU as an independent “center of power”. Therefore, it is important to assess not only different national factors and correlation between internal and external driving forces in their development process, but also some “invariables” relating to the status of states under consideration.

Free Movement and the Fragmentation of Family Reunification Rights

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Staver
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Family Reunification ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Reverse Discrimination ◽  
Citizenship Status ◽  
The Family ◽  
Legal Regimes ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Family reunification regulations in the EU are increasingly complex, and they vary for different groups of sponsors. This paper documents the existence of four parallel legal regimes for family reunification — national rules for citizens who do not move, EU rules for citizens who move within Europe, the Family Reunification Directive for third-country nationals in the EU, and since 2011, family reunification rights based on EU citizenship status. This paper asks how and why family reunification rules are being thus fragmented, and in particular why so-called ‘reverse discrimination’, where citizens are disadvantaged vis-à-vis non-citizens, is persisting and deepening. It draws on tools from political science, namely historical institutionalism and studies of policy transfer and Europeanization, to showcase the different logics that underlie these puzzling developments.

scholarly journals State Traditions and Language Regimes: A Historical Institutionalism Approach to Language Policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma K. Sonntag ◽  
Linda Cardinal
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Normative Theory ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Path Dependencies ◽  
Volume State

Abstract This paper is an elaboration of a theoretical framework we developed in the introductory chapter of our co-edited volume, State Traditions and Language Regimes (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2015). Using a historical institutionalism approach derived from political science, we argue that language policies need to be understood in terms of their historical and institutional context. The concept of ‘state tradition’ focuses our attention on the relative autonomy of the state in terms of its normative and institutional traditions that lead to particular path dependencies of language policy choices, subject to change at critical junctures. ‘Language regime’ is the conceptual link between state traditions and language policy choices: it allows us to analytically conceptualize how and why these choices are made and how and why they change. We suggest that our framework offers a more robust analysis of language politics than other approaches found in sociolinguistics and normative theory. It also challenges political science to become more engaged with scholarly debate on language policy and linguistic diversity.

Critical Junctures, Developmental Pathways, and Incremental Change in Security Institutions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etel Solingen ◽  
Wilfred Wan
Keyword(s):  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Incremental Change ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Different Levels

Historical institutionalism as an explicit tradition has largely remained on the sidelines in international security scholarship, with some exceptions. The chapter begins by reviewing the sources of resistance to the tradition in security studies. We then apply its analytical toolbox to two empirical realms at different levels of analysis: divergent regional security paths in East Asia and the Middle East; and the evolution of the nuclear non-proliferation regime. These cases show the utility of historical institutionalism in spanning sub-national, regional and international levels of analysis; its value for examining the role of critical junctures for evolving security arrangements; and its timely applicability beyond topical, geographical, and ontological foci that have been standard fare in security studies.

Business group persistence and institutional maturity: the role of management practices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Liang ◽  
Michael Carney
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Business Group ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Corporate Form ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Practice Bundles

Abstract A widely accepted account of business group (BG) functioning suggests that this common corporate form will dismantle and restructure with the progressive maturity of market-supporting institutions. However, even in mature institutional settings, BGs appear to persists and thrive. We hypothesize that BG persistence arises from an evolving competitive advantage because their competitive advantages with certain types of management practices do not decay with institutional development. We test our hypothesis with data assembled in the World Bank Enterprise Surveys (WBES). Empirical results show that several bundles of management practice differentiate BG affiliates and independent firms in the early phase of development but become less prominent at later stages. However, some of the differences in management practice bundles disappear, but others continue to differentiate independent firms and group affiliates in mature institutional jurisdictions.

scholarly journals The creation of a museum system. Professionalizing Danish museums 1958–2018

1970 ◽  
pp. 100-114
Author(s):  
Susanne Krogh Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Critical Juncture ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Three Phases

Since 1958, legislation has regulated the Danish museum field, describing the role of museums, structuring the field and defining museum work. In this article, I analyse the Danish museum legislation and the related discussions since 1958 in order to track the development of the Danish museum field. Drawing on the tradition of historical institutionalism, I identify three phases of professionalization delimited by critical junctures in 1958, 1976 and 2001. Each phase is characterized by specific aims conveying a specific understanding of professionalism. Finally, I relate the current debate about the museum field to the historical context, asking whether a new critical juncture is imminent.

scholarly journals Strategy for institutional development of the regional technical implementing unit (UPTD) of regional waste landfill of NTB Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 916 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
I E Rahmawati ◽  
I D A A Warmadewanthi
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Force Field Analysis ◽  
Public Service Agencies ◽  
Financial Management Pattern

Abstract The Kebon Kongok Regional Landfill (TPA) is one of the final processing sites serving West Lombok Regency and Mataram City. The Landfill is managed by the Regional Technical Implementing Unit (UPTD) of the Regional Waste Landfill of NTB Province under the Department of Environment and Forestry of NTB Province. Currently, waste services in Mataram City and West Lombok Regency have not met the sanitation target. One of the factors that affects it is the financial problem where there is no budget flexibility which often causes difficulties in handling operations, especially at the beginning and end of the year. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the institutional development strategy as an effort to increase the role of UPTD in solid waste services. The analytical method used is Force Field Analysis (FFA). Based on the FFA, it is found that the Total Weight Value (TNB) driving forces are more significant than the restraining forces; this means that UPTD of Regional Waste Landfill of NTB Province is encouraged to carry out institutional development. Therefore, the institutional development strategy is that UPTD applies for the Financial Management Pattern of Public Service Agencies (PPK-BLUD).

scholarly journals Attention to EU Affairs in the Spanish Parliament: The Role of Credit-Claiming and Issue Saliency Strategies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M Palau
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Credit Claiming ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Recent research demonstrates that the salience of EU affairs in domestic parliaments is mainly driven by government parties. This has been interpreted as illustrating the so-called opposition deficit thesis and mainly explained considering governments’ informational advantages and reporting duties. Drawing on a dataset on oral questions introduced in plenary meetings in the Spanish parliament, this article sheds new light on government and opposition MPs’ incentives to raise attention to the EU. Results show that in Spain, where there is no party conflict on European integration, government MPs pay attention to EU affairs following credit-claiming strategies. These strategies are likely in the context of EU events and when the perceived benefits of integration are high, and unlikely under critical junctures, when the EU cannot be framed as a governmental success. Opposition MPs pay less attention to EU affairs but they still use the EU to give visibility to issues that are of interest to their voters.

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