Acute effects of aerobic activity, static stretching, and explosive exercises on muscular performance and range of motion of young soccer players

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 706-716
Author(s):  
Nejc Šarabon ◽  
Jurij Hostnik ◽  
Goran Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Muscular Performance

The current study aims to investigate the acute effects of light aerobic activity, static stretching (SS), strengthening and explosive exercises on lower-body muscular performance and range of motion (ROM). Dose-response effect of SS on performance and ROM was also studied. Nineteen young male soccer players (age: 13.9 ± 0.46 years) participated in a cross-over randomized trial. Participants performed 5-minute aerobic activity, followed by seven bouts of SS of calf, quadriceps, adductor and hamstring muscles lasting 20 seconds each. Additionally, two sets of strengthening and explosive exercises were performed after SS in the experimental condition. Power and strength were assessed by counter-movement jump (CMJ) and maximal voluntary contraction of hip adductors, while 3 flexibility tests were used for assessing ROM of lower body. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed an increase in CMJ performance after aerobic activity, followed by a decrease after SS in a dose-dependent manner that continued to be present 15 minutes post-SS. Strengthening and explosive exercises did not neutralize the acute negative effects of SS on CMJ performance. No significant acute effect of selected interventions on maximal and explosive strength of hip adductors was observed. Finally, sit-and-reach and hip abduction ROM increased after aerobic activity and continued to increase throughout the SS protocol, and was preserved 15 minutes post-SS. Our results confirm that SS can impair lower-body power in young soccer players, and that these negative effects last at least 15 minutes. Excessive use of SS, as performed in this study, should be avoided during warm-up of young soccer players.

Acute Effects of Dynamic Stretching, Static Stretching, and Light Aerobic Activity on Muscular Performance in Women

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1811-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad S Curry ◽  
Devendra Chengkalath ◽  
Gordon J Crouch ◽  
Michelle Romance ◽  
Patricia J Manns
Keyword(s):  
Static Stretching ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Muscular Performance

scholarly journals Acute Comparative Effect of Foam Rolling and Static Stretching on Range of Motion in Rowers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3631
Author(s):  
Alfonso Penichet-Tomas ◽  
Basilio Pueo ◽  
Marta Abad-Lopez ◽  
Jose M. Jimenez-Olmedo
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Foam Rolling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Alternating Treatment Design ◽  
Stroke Amplitude ◽  
Treatment Design ◽  
Over Time

Rowers’ anthropometric characteristics and flexibility are fundamental to increase stroke amplitude and optimize power transfer. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of foam rolling and static stretching on the range of motion over time. Eight university rowers (24.8 ± 3.4 yrs., height 182.3 ± 6.5 cm, body mass 79.3 ± 4.6 kg) participated in an alternating treatment design study with two-way repeated measures ANOVA. The sit and reach test was used to measure the range of motion. Both in the foam rolling and in the static stretching method, a pre-test (T0), a post-test (T1), and a post-15-min test (T2) were performed. A significant effect was observed on the range of motion over time (p < 0.001), but not for time x method interaction (p = 0.680). Significant differences were found between T0 and T1 with foam rolling and static stretching (p < 0.001, d = 0.4); p < 0.001, d = 0.6). The differences between T0 and T2 were also significant with both methods (p = 0.001, d = 0.4; p < 0.001, d = 0.4). However, no significant difference was observed between T1 and T2 (p = 1.000, d = 0.1; p = 0.089, d = 0.2). Foam roller and static stretching seem to be effective methods to improve the range of motion but there seems to be no differences between them.

Longitudinal Changes in Hip Strength and Range of Motion in Female Youth Soccer Players: Implications for ACL Injury, A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh-Dung Nguyen ◽  
Emma F. Zuk ◽  
Andrea L. Baellow ◽  
Kate R. Pfile ◽  
Lindsay J. DiStefano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hip Strength ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Female Youth ◽  
Youth Soccer

Context:Risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in young female athletes increases with age, appearing to peak during maturation. Changes in hip muscle strength and range of motion (ROM) during this time may contribute to altered dynamic movement patterns that are known to increase risk of ACL injuries. Understanding the longitudinal changes in hip strength and ROM is needed to develop appropriate interventions to reduce the risk of ACL injuries.Objective:To examine the longitudinal changes in hip strength and ROM in female youth soccer players.Design:Longitudinal descriptive study.Setting:Field setting.Participants:14 female youth soccer athletes (14.1 ± 1.1 y, 165.8 ± 5.3 cm, 57.5 ± 9.9 kg) volunteered as part of a multiyear risk factor screening project.Main Outcome Measures:Clinical measures of hip strength and ROM were collected annually over 3 consecutive years. Passive hip internal rotation (IR), external rotation (ER), abduction (ABD), and adduction (ADD) ROM were measured with a digital inclinometer. Isometric hip ABD and extension (EXT) strength were evaluated using a hand-held dynamometer. Separate repeated-measures ANOVAs compared hip strength and ROM values across 3 consecutive years (P < .05).Results:As youth female soccer players increased in age, there were no changes in normalized hip ABD (P = .830) or EXT strength (P = .062) across 3 consecutive years. Longitudinal changes in hip ROM were observed with increases in hip IR (P = .001) and ABD (P < .001), while hip ADD (P = .009) and ER (P < .001) decreased.Conclusions:Anatomical changes at the hip occur as youth female soccer players increase in age. While there are no changes in hip strength, there is an increase in hip IR and ABD ROM with a concomitant decrease in hip ER and ADD ROM. The resulting asymmetries in hip ROM may decrease the activation and force producing capabilities of the hip muscles during dynamic activities, contributing to altered lower extremity mechanics known to increase the risk of ACL injuries.

The Effects of 3 Different Doses of Caffeine on Jumping and Throwing Performance: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1170-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Sabol ◽  
Jozo Grgic ◽  
Pavle Mikulic
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Ballistic Exercise ◽  
Medicine Ball

Purpose: To examine the acute effects of 3 doses of caffeine on upper- and lower-body ballistic exercise performance and to explore if habitual caffeine intake affects the acute effects of caffeine ingestion on ballistic exercise performance. Methods: Twenty recreationally active male participants completed medicine-ball-throw and vertical-jump tests under 4 experimental conditions (placebo and 2, 4, and 6 mg·kg−1 of caffeine). Results: One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with subsequent post hoc analyses indicated that performance in the medicine-ball-throw test improved, compared with placebo, only with a 6 mg·kg−1 dose of caffeine (P = .032). Effect size, calculated as the mean difference between the 2 measurements divided by the pooled SD, amounted to 0.29 (+3.7%). For the vertical-jump test, all 3 caffeine doses were effective (compared with placebo) for acute increases in performance (P values .022–.044, effect sizes 0.35–0.42, percentage changes +3.7% to +4.1%). A 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA indicated that there was no significant group × condition interaction effect, suggesting comparable responses between low (≤100 mg·d−1) and moderate to high (>100 mg·d−1) caffeine users to the experimental conditions. Conclusion: Caffeine doses of 2, 4, and 6 mg·kg−1 seem to be effective for acute enhancements in lower-body ballistic exercise performance in recreationally trained male individuals. For the upper-body ballistic exercise performance, only a caffeine dose of 6 mg·kg−1 seems to be effective. The acute effects of caffeine ingestion do not seem to be affected by habitual caffeine intake; however, this requires further exploration.

scholarly journals Application of acute whole-body vibration and lower-body exercise: effects on concentric torque in lower-limb muscles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Adam Hawkey ◽  
Alexander Dallaway
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Body Vibration

SummaryStudy aim: With contrary evidence regarding the effectiveness of acute whole-body vibration training (WBVT) on sporting performance, the current study examined WBVT’s effect on concentric torque of the quadriceps (Q) and hamstrings (H).Material and methods: Following ethical approval, 11 male team sport players (age: 22.9 ± 3.3 yrs, height: 1.80 ± 0.07 m, mass: 82.5 ± 12.6 kg) completed three separate weekly WBVT sessions. Baseline and post – WBVT intervention measurements of Q and H concentric torque were recorded, using an isokinetic dynamometer, at each session. Isokinetic knee extension and flexion was performed at 180os−1 through 90o range of motion. For the training intervention, vibration amplitude remained at 2 mm, while frequency was set at 0Hz, 30Hz or 50 Hz; randomised so participants experienced one frequency per session. Torque data (Nm) and H and Q ratio (H: Q) were analysed using 3-way and 2-way ANOVA with repeated measures respectively, with three within subjects’ factors: frequency, muscle group and intervention.Results: Main interaction effect (frequency x muscle group x intervention) was insignificant (P = 0.327). Significant muscle group x frequency (P = 0.029) and muscle group x intervention (P = 0.001) interactions were found. Intervention, regardless of WBVT, significantly increased concentric torque of H (P = 0.003) and significantly reduced concentric torque of Q (P = 0.031). While H: Q x frequency interaction was insignificant (P = 0.262), the intervention significantly improved H: Q (P = 0.001).Conclusions: Team sport athletes experience a muscle-specific response in peak concentric torque to lower-body exercise. Acute WBVT does not provide additional positive or negative effects on Q or H strength.

scholarly journals Effect of Active Dynamic Versus Passive Static Stretching on Hamstring Muscle Tightness in Healthy Female Students: A Randomized Trial Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Heshmatipour ◽  
Azam Esfandiari ◽  
Maryam Kazemi Naeini ◽  
Mehdi Raei ◽  
Omolbanin Firoozpur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Muscle Tightness ◽  
Healthy Female

Background: For decades, static stretching has been the standard benchmark for training programs, because it has been shown to increase flexibility compared with other methods of stretching. Objective: The current study investigated and compared the effects of active dynamic stretching and passive static stretching on hamstring tightness. Methods: For this experiment, 64 female students were enrolled and randomly assigned to active dynamic or passive static stretching groups (n=32 each). The first and second experimental groups were trained with repetitive dynamic stretching and static stretching exercises, respectively. Exercises were performed 10 times per limb, 3 times per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Hamstring muscle length measurements were repeated in weeks 2 and 4. Statistical analysis of the results was performed by t-test and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 15. Results: Both experimental groups showed significant improvements in the active knee extension range of motion during the intervention (P<0.001). However, active stretching showed better results and had a greater effect on range of motion in comparison with static stretching. Conclusion: Active dynamic training can be considered a suitable method for increasing the flexibility of the hamstring muscle and, consequently, reducing the complications and problems associated with hamstring tightness.

scholarly journals Acute Effect of Intermittent and Continuous Static Stretching on Hip Joint Range of Motion in Trained and Untrained Subjects

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Gaspari ◽  
Kostantina Papia ◽  
Ioli Panidi ◽  
Olyvia Donti ◽  
Gregory C. Bogdanis
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Joint Range

Aim: It is well documented that static stretching acutely increases range of motion (ROM) in a dose-dependent manner. However, most previous studies have utilized intermittent stretching protocols, and it is not known if intermittent and continuous stretches elicit different changes in joint ROM and, in particular, in flexibility-trained subjects. The aim of this study was to examine changes in hip joint ROM after an intermittent or a continuous static stretching protocol of equal total duration. Material & Method: Twenty-seven female subjects (age, 19.9 ± 3.0 years; height, 167.3 ± 6.1 cm; body mass, 58.2 ± 5.2 kg), 14 artistic and rhythmic gymnasts, and 13 recreationally active participants performed 3 min of intermittent (6 × 30 s with 30 s rest) or continuous stretching (3 min) of the hamstring muscles, with an intensity of 8–9 on a 10-point visual analogue scale. Hip joint ROM was measured for both legs after warm-up and immediately after stretching. The same individuals performed both conditions with alternate legs in a randomized, counterbalanced order. Data were analysed using mixed-model three-way ANOVA. Results: In the untrained participants, only intermittent stretching increased ROM by 13% (from 91.0 ± 7.2° to 102.4 ± 14.5°, p = 0.001), while continuous stretching did not affect ROM (from 92.4 ± 6.9° to 93.1 ± 9.2°, p = 0.99). In the trained participants, both stretching types equally increased ROM by ~6% (continuous, 140.9 ± 20.4° to 148.6 ± 18.8°, p = 0.047; intermittent, 141.8 ± 20.3° to 150.0 ± 18.8°, p = 0.029). Conclusions: The different effect of intermittent vs. continuous stretching on hip ROM between trained and untrained subjects suggests that stretching mode is an important variable when examining the acute effects of static stretching on ROM enhancement.

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