scholarly journals Effect of Active Dynamic Versus Passive Static Stretching on Hamstring Muscle Tightness in Healthy Female Students: A Randomized Trial Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Heshmatipour ◽  
Azam Esfandiari ◽  
Maryam Kazemi Naeini ◽  
Mehdi Raei ◽  
Omolbanin Firoozpur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Muscle Tightness ◽  
Healthy Female

Background: For decades, static stretching has been the standard benchmark for training programs, because it has been shown to increase flexibility compared with other methods of stretching. Objective: The current study investigated and compared the effects of active dynamic stretching and passive static stretching on hamstring tightness. Methods: For this experiment, 64 female students were enrolled and randomly assigned to active dynamic or passive static stretching groups (n=32 each). The first and second experimental groups were trained with repetitive dynamic stretching and static stretching exercises, respectively. Exercises were performed 10 times per limb, 3 times per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Hamstring muscle length measurements were repeated in weeks 2 and 4. Statistical analysis of the results was performed by t-test and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 15. Results: Both experimental groups showed significant improvements in the active knee extension range of motion during the intervention (P<0.001). However, active stretching showed better results and had a greater effect on range of motion in comparison with static stretching. Conclusion: Active dynamic training can be considered a suitable method for increasing the flexibility of the hamstring muscle and, consequently, reducing the complications and problems associated with hamstring tightness.

The Effect of Pelvic Position on Popliteal Angle Achieved During 90:90 Hamstring-Length Test

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Herrington
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
Starting Position ◽  
Pelvic Position

Context:Hamstring muscle length is commonly measured because of its perceived relationship to injury of both the hamstrings themselves and the pelvis and lumbar spine. The popliteal (knee-extension) angle measured from the starting position hip and knee at 90° is a commonly used indirect measure of hamstring muscle length. When this measure has been undertaken in the literature previously, little attention was paid to the position of the pelvis, which may significantly influence measurements taken.Design:Repeated-measures.Setting:University human performance laboratory.Participants:60 healthy physically active males (mean age 20.1 ± 1.8 y, range 18–24 y).Intervention:The 2 extremes of pelvic position (anterior and posterior).Main Outcome Measure:Popliteal angle (with maximal knee extension) was measured in 2 positions, 1 of full anterior and 1 of full posterior pelvic tilt.Results:The mean difference in popliteal angle between anterior to posterior pelvic positions was 13.4° ± 9° (range 0–26°); this was statistically significant (P = .0001).Conclusion:The findings of the study indicate that pelvic position has a significant effect on popliteal angle and therefore should be taken into account when measuring hamstring muscle length.

scholarly journals Acute Comparative Effect of Foam Rolling and Static Stretching on Range of Motion in Rowers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3631
Author(s):  
Alfonso Penichet-Tomas ◽  
Basilio Pueo ◽  
Marta Abad-Lopez ◽  
Jose M. Jimenez-Olmedo
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Foam Rolling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Alternating Treatment Design ◽  
Stroke Amplitude ◽  
Treatment Design ◽  
Over Time

Rowers’ anthropometric characteristics and flexibility are fundamental to increase stroke amplitude and optimize power transfer. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of foam rolling and static stretching on the range of motion over time. Eight university rowers (24.8 ± 3.4 yrs., height 182.3 ± 6.5 cm, body mass 79.3 ± 4.6 kg) participated in an alternating treatment design study with two-way repeated measures ANOVA. The sit and reach test was used to measure the range of motion. Both in the foam rolling and in the static stretching method, a pre-test (T0), a post-test (T1), and a post-15-min test (T2) were performed. A significant effect was observed on the range of motion over time (p < 0.001), but not for time x method interaction (p = 0.680). Significant differences were found between T0 and T1 with foam rolling and static stretching (p < 0.001, d = 0.4); p < 0.001, d = 0.6). The differences between T0 and T2 were also significant with both methods (p = 0.001, d = 0.4; p < 0.001, d = 0.4). However, no significant difference was observed between T1 and T2 (p = 1.000, d = 0.1; p = 0.089, d = 0.2). Foam roller and static stretching seem to be effective methods to improve the range of motion but there seems to be no differences between them.

Acute hamstring injuries in rugby players: The influence of positioning during ice therapy on muscle length

1990 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
C. Becker ◽  
D. Rayner ◽  
L. Van Zyl ◽  
E. Walters ◽  
C. P. Malherbe
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Length ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Block Method ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rugby Players ◽  
Experimental Group

The effect on muscle length of positioning with ice application to acute hamstring injuries in rugby players was examined. Ice was applied with the hamstring muscle group in either the lengthened or the shortened position. Players with grade I or II hamstring injuries were randomly allocated (via the randomized block method) to the different treatment methods. The active hamstring length of the injured leg was measured by means of knee extension before and after treatment on days 1, 2 and 3 post-injury. The uninjured leg was measured on days 1 and 3.The discussion of results covered only the clinical observations since the experimental group was too small for statistical analysis.

Static and Dynamic Acute Stretching Effect on Gymnasts’ Speed in Vaulting

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theophanis Siatras ◽  
Georgios Papadopoulos ◽  
Dimitra Mameletzi ◽  
Vasilios Gerodimos ◽  
Spiros Kellis
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Stretching Effect ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Although warm-up and stretching exercises are routinely performed by gymnasts, it is suggested that stretching immediately prior to an activity might affect negatively the athletic performance. The focus of this investigation was on the acute effect of a protocol, including warm-up and static and dynamic stretching exercises, on speed during vaulting in gymnastics. Eleven boys were asked to perform three different protocols consisting of warm-up, warm-up and static stretching and warm-up and dynamic stretching, on three nonconsecutive days. Each protocol was followed by a “handspring” vault. One-way analysis of variance for repeated-measures showed a significant difference in gymnasts’ speed, following the different protocols. Tukey’s post hoc analysis revealed that gymnasts mean speed during the run of vault was significantly decreased after the application of the static stretching protocol. The findings of the present study indicate the inhibitory role of an acute static stretching in running speed in young gymnasts.

scholarly journals Time course of changes in the range of motion and muscle-tendon unit stiffness of the hamstrings after two different intensities of static stretching

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257367
Author(s):  
Kosuke Takeuchi ◽  
Kazunori Akizuki ◽  
Masatoshi Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Passive Torque ◽  
Stretching Intensity

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the time course of changes in the range of motion and muscle-tendon unit stiffness of the hamstrings after two different intensities of static stretching. Methods Fourteen healthy men (20.9 ± 0.7 years, 169.1 ± 7.5cm, 61.6 ± 6.5kg) received static stretching for 60 seconds at two different intensities based on the point of discomfort (100%POD and 120%POD) of each participant, in random order. To evaluate the time course of changes in the flexibility of the hamstrings, the knee extension range of motion (ROM), passive torque at end ROM, and muscle-tendon unit stiffness were measured pre-stretching, post-stretching, and at both 10 and 20 minutes after static stretching. Results For both intensities, ROM and passive torque at pre-stretching were significantly smaller than those at post-stretching (p < 0.01 in both intensities), 10 minutes (p < 0.01 in both intensities), and 20 minutes (p < 0.01 in both intensities). The muscle-tendon unit stiffness at pre-stretching was significantly higher than that at post-stretching (p < 0.01), 10 minutes (p < 0.01), and 20 minutes (p < 0.01) only in the 120%POD, but it showed no change in the 100%POD. Conclusion The results showed that ROM and passive torque increased in both intensities, and the effects continued for at least 20 minutes after stretching regardless of stretching intensity. However, the muscle-tendon unit stiffness of the hamstrings decreased only after static stretching at the intensity of 120%POD, and the effects continued for at least 20 minutes after stretching.

Acute effects of aerobic activity, static stretching, and explosive exercises on muscular performance and range of motion of young soccer players

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 706-716
Author(s):  
Nejc Šarabon ◽  
Jurij Hostnik ◽  
Goran Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Muscular Performance

The current study aims to investigate the acute effects of light aerobic activity, static stretching (SS), strengthening and explosive exercises on lower-body muscular performance and range of motion (ROM). Dose-response effect of SS on performance and ROM was also studied. Nineteen young male soccer players (age: 13.9 ± 0.46 years) participated in a cross-over randomized trial. Participants performed 5-minute aerobic activity, followed by seven bouts of SS of calf, quadriceps, adductor and hamstring muscles lasting 20 seconds each. Additionally, two sets of strengthening and explosive exercises were performed after SS in the experimental condition. Power and strength were assessed by counter-movement jump (CMJ) and maximal voluntary contraction of hip adductors, while 3 flexibility tests were used for assessing ROM of lower body. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed an increase in CMJ performance after aerobic activity, followed by a decrease after SS in a dose-dependent manner that continued to be present 15 minutes post-SS. Strengthening and explosive exercises did not neutralize the acute negative effects of SS on CMJ performance. No significant acute effect of selected interventions on maximal and explosive strength of hip adductors was observed. Finally, sit-and-reach and hip abduction ROM increased after aerobic activity and continued to increase throughout the SS protocol, and was preserved 15 minutes post-SS. Our results confirm that SS can impair lower-body power in young soccer players, and that these negative effects last at least 15 minutes. Excessive use of SS, as performed in this study, should be avoided during warm-up of young soccer players.

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