scholarly journals Inequities in people with gout: a focus on Māori (Indigenous People) of Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1759720X2110280
Author(s):  
Leanne Te Karu ◽  
Nicola Dalbeth ◽  
Lisa K Stamp
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Younger Age

Health equity can be defined as the absence of systematic disparities in health between more and less advantaged social groups. Gout is one of the most common forms of arthritis and disproportionally affects Indigenous peoples, including Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand. Inequities in gout management are well documented and clearly evidenced in Indigenous populations. For example, while gout occurs at a younger age and is more severe in Māori, there is less regular dispensing of urate-lowering therapies. Indigenous peoples are also under-represented in clinical trials. Herein, we will review inequities in gout using Aoteoaroa New Zealand as an example. We will explore reasons for health inequities and challenges that need to be faced to achieve health equity.

scholarly journals Wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples in Canada, Aotearoa (New Zealand) the United States: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5832
Author(s):  
Alana Gall ◽  
Kate Anderson ◽  
Kirsten Howard ◽  
Abbey Diaz ◽  
Alexandra King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
The United States ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Full Text Screening

Despite the health improvements afforded to non-Indigenous peoples in Canada, Aotearoa (New Zealand) and the United States, the Indigenous peoples in these countries continue to endure disproportionately high rates of mortality and morbidity. Indigenous peoples’ concepts and understanding of health and wellbeing are holistic; however, due to their diverse social, political, cultural, environmental and economic contexts within and across countries, wellbeing is not experienced uniformly across all Indigenous populations. We aim to identify aspects of wellbeing important to the Indigenous people in Canada, Aotearoa and the United States. We searched CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO and PubMed databases for papers that included key Indigenous and wellbeing search terms from database inception to April 2020. Papers that included a focus on Indigenous adults residing in Canada, Aotearoa and the United States, and that included empirical qualitative data that described at least one aspect of wellbeing were eligible. Data were analysed using the stages of thematic development recommended by Thomas and Harden for thematic synthesis of qualitative research. Our search resulted in 2669 papers being screened for eligibility. Following full-text screening, 100 papers were deemed eligible for inclusion (Aotearoa (New Zealand) n = 16, Canada n = 43, United States n = 41). Themes varied across countries; however, identity, connection, balance and self-determination were common aspects of wellbeing. Having this broader understanding of wellbeing across these cultures can inform decisions made about public health actions and resources.

scholarly journals Increasing Cultural Competence in Support of Indigenous-Led Evaluation: A Necessary Step toward Indigenous-Led Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Wehipeihana
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Evaluation Team ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Keynote Paper ◽  
Society Annual ◽  
Community Contexts

This paper builds on a keynote paper presented at the 2018 Canadian Evaluation Society annual conference by Nan Wehipeihana, an Indigenous (Māori) evaluator from Aotearoa New Zealand. Nan defines Indigenous evaluation as evaluation that is led by Indigenous peoples; has clear benefi ts for Indigenous peoples; has Indigenous people comprising most of the evaluation team; is responsive to tribal and community contexts; and is guided and underpinned by Indigenous principles, practices, and knowledge. She argues for Indigenous led as a key criterion for Indigenous evaluation, with no assumed or automatic role for non-Indigenous peoples unless by invitation. She outlines a range of tactics to support the development of Indigenous evaluators and Indigenous evaluation and presents a model for non-Indigenous evaluators to assess their practice and explore how power is shared or not shared in evaluation with Indigenous peoples, as a necessary precursor to increasing control of evaluation by Indigenous peoples.

scholarly journals The representation of Indigenous peoples in chronic disease clinical trials in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States

2022 ◽  
pp. 174077452110691
Author(s):  
Valerie Umaefulam ◽  
Tessa Kleissen ◽  
Cheryl Barnabe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Indigenous Populations

Background Indigenous peoples are overrepresented with chronic health conditions and experience suboptimal outcomes compared with non-Indigenous peoples. Genetic variations influence therapeutic responses, thus there are potential risks and harm when extrapolating evidence from the general population to Indigenous peoples. Indigenous population–specific clinical studies, and inclusion of Indigenous peoples in general population clinical trials, are perceived to be rare. Our study (1) identified and characterized Indigenous population–specific chronic disease trials and (2) identified the representation of Indigenous peoples in general population chronic disease trials conducted in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States. Methods For Objective 1, publicly available clinical trial registries were searched from May 2010 to May 2020 using Indigenous population–specific terms and included for data extraction if in pre-specified chronic disease. For identified trials, we extracted Indigenous population group identity and characteristics, type of intervention, and funding type. For Objective 2, a random selection of 10% of registered clinical trials was performed and the proportion of Indigenous population participants enrolled extracted. Results In total, 170 Indigenous population–specific chronic disease trials were identified. The clinical trials were predominantly behavioral interventions (n = 95). Among general population studies, 830 studies were randomly selected. When race was reported in studies (n = 526), Indigenous individuals were enrolled in 172 studies and constituted 5.6% of the total population enrolled in those studies. Conclusion Clinical trials addressing chronic disease conditions in Indigenous populations are limited. It is crucial to ensure adequate representation of Indigenous peoples in clinical trials to ensure trial data are applicable to their clinical care.

Racism and silencing in the media in Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
pp. 117718012110154
Author(s):  
Liana MacDonald ◽  
Adreanne Ormond
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Racial Discourse ◽  
European Descent ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Zealanders

Racism in the Aotearoa New Zealand media is the subject of scholarly debate that examines how Māori (Indigenous Peoples of New Zealand) are broadcast in a negative and demeaning light. Literature demonstrates evolving understandings of how the industry places Pākehā (New Zealanders primarily of European descent) interests at the heart of broadcasting. We offer new insights by arguing that the media industry propagates a racial discourse of silencing that sustains widespread ignorance of the ways that Pākehā sensibilities mediate society. We draw attention to a silencing discourse through one televised story in 2018. On-screen interactions reproduce and safeguard a harmonious narrative of settler–Indigenous relations that support ignorance and denial of the structuring force of colonisation, and the Television Code of Broadcasting Practice upholds colour-blind perceptions of discrimination and injustice through liberal rhetoric. These processes ensure that the media industry is complicit in racism and the ongoing oppression of Indigenous peoples.

Collaboration in research: weaving Kaupapa Māori and computer science

2021 ◽  
pp. 117718012110431
Author(s):  
Anna K Rolleston ◽  
Judy Bowen ◽  
Annika Hinze ◽  
Erina Korohina ◽  
Rangi Matamua
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Treaty Of Waitangi ◽  
Kaupapa Māori

We describe a collaboration between Māori (Indigenous people of Aotearoa/New Zealand) and Tauiwi (non-Māori) researchers on a software engineering project. Te Tiriti o Waitangi (The Treaty of Waitangi) provides the basis for Māori to lead research that involves Māori as participants or intends to impact Māori outcomes. Through collaboration, an extension of the traditional four-step software design process was created, culminating in a nine-step integrated process that included Kaupapa Māori (Māori ideology) principles. The collaboration experience for both Māori and Tauiwi highlighted areas of misunderstanding within the research context based on differing worldviews and our ability to navigate and work through this. This article provides context, guiding principles, and recommended research processes where Māori and Tauiwi aim to collaborate.

Indigenous Peoples

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Te Paa-Daniel
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Anglican Church ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Treaty Of Waitangi ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Constitutional Revision

In 1992 the Anglican Church in Aotearoa New Zealand and Polynesia, which owed its origin ultimately to the work of Samuel Marsden and other missionaries, undertook a globally unprecedented project to redeem its inglorious colonial past, especially with respect to its treatment of indigenous Maori Anglicans. In this chapter Te Paa Daniel, an indigenous Anglican laywoman, explores the history of her Provincial Church in the Antipodes, outlining the facts of history, including the relationship with the Treaty of Waitangi, the period under Selwyn’s leadership, as experienced and understood from the perspective of Maori Anglicans. The chapter thus brings into view the events that informed and influenced the radical and globally unprecedented Constitutional Revision of 1992 which saw the creation of the partnership between different cultural jurisdictions (tikanga).

scholarly journals Commercial tobacco and indigenous peoples: a stock take on Framework Convention on Tobacco Control progress

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raglan Maddox ◽  
Andrew Waa ◽  
Kelley Lee ◽  
Patricia Nez Henderson ◽  
Genevieve Blais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Indigenous Participation

BackgroundThe health status and needs of indigenous populations of Australia, Canada and New Zealand are often compared because of the shared experience of colonisation. One enduring impact has been a disproportionately high rate of commercial tobacco use compared with non-indigenous populations. All three countries have ratified the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), which acknowledges the harm caused to indigenous peoples by tobacco.Aim and objectivesWe evaluated and compared reporting on FCTC progress related to indigenous peoples by Australia, Canada and New Zealand as States Parties. The critiqued data included disparities in smoking prevalence between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples; extent of indigenous participation in tobacco control development, implementation and evaluation; and what indigenous commercial tobacco reduction interventions were delivered and evaluated.Data sourcesWe searched FCTC: (1) Global Progress Reports for information regarding indigenous peoples in Australia, Canada and New Zealand; and (2) country-specific reports from Australia, Canada and New Zealand between 2007 and 2016.Study selectionTwo of the authors independently reviewed the FCTC Global and respective Country Reports, identifying where indigenous search terms appeared.Data extractionAll data associated with the identified search terms were extracted, and content analysis was applied.ResultsIt is difficult to determine if or what progress has been made to reduce commercial tobacco use by the three States Parties as part of their commitments under FCTC reporting systems. There is some evidence that progress is being made towards reducing indigenous commercial tobacco use, including the implementation of indigenous-focused initiatives. However, there are significant gaps and inconsistencies in reporting. Strengthening FCTC reporting instruments to include standardised indigenous-specific data will help to realise the FCTC Guiding Principles by holding States Parties to account and building momentum for reducing the high prevalence of commercial tobacco use among indigenous peoples.

Understanding Historical Trauma for the Holistic Care of Indigenous Populations: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 089801012097913
Author(s):  
Lucy Joo-Castro ◽  
Amanda Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Holistic Care ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
The Past

Historical trauma refers to the collective depredations of the past that continue to affect populations in the present through intergenerational transmission. Indigenous people globally experience poorer health outcomes than non-Indigenous people, but the connections between Indigenous people’s health and experiences of historical trauma are poorly understood. To clarify the scope of research activity on historical trauma related to Indigenous peoples’ health, we conducted a scoping review using Arksey and O’Malley’s method with Levac’s modifications. Seventy-five articles (1996-2020) were selected and analyzed. Key themes included (a) challenges of defining and measuring intergenerational transmission in historical trauma; (b) differentiating historical trauma from contemporary trauma; (c) role of racism, discrimination, and microaggression; (d) questing for resilience through enculturation, acculturation, and assimilation; and (e) addressing historical trauma through interventions and programs. Gaps in the research included work to establish mechanisms of transmission, understand connections to physical health, elucidate present and past trauma, and explore epigenetic mechanisms and effects ascribed to it. Understanding first what constitutes historical trauma and its effects will facilitate development of culturally safe holistic care for Indigenous populations.

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