Enzyme-hydrolyzed Fruit of Jurinea mollis: A Rich Source of (-)-(8R,8′R)-Arctigenin

In Jurinea mollis fruit, the dibenzylbutyrolactone-type lignan glycoside arctiin and its aglycone arctigenin were determined for the first time using a combination of optimized enzymatic treatment and complementary spectrometric (HPLC-MS, GC-MS) and spectroscopic (CD and NMR) methods. Analysis of separated fruit parts, i.e., the fruit wall and embryo, demonstrated the specific accumulation of arctiin, since it was exclusively found in the embryo. Arctiin in the embryo samples (71.5 mg/g) was found to be quantitatively converted into arctigenin (50.7 mg/g) by endogenous enzymatic hydrolysis, resulting in one of the highest arctigenin-containing plant tissues reported to date and allowing the selective isolation of arctigenin by our recently reported three-step isolation method. The absolute configuration of the isolated arctigenin was determined to be (-)-(8 R,8′ R). Conformational analysis of arctigenin was also performed, resulting in three major low energy conformations.

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First Report of a Gall Midge Species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Associated With Pistachios

Journal of Integrated Pest Management ◽

10.1093/jipm/pmaa022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Farshid O Sirjani ◽

Edwin E Lewis

Keyword(s):

Gall Midge ◽

Species Level ◽

Plant Tissues ◽

First Report ◽

Branch Dieback ◽

First Time ◽

Level Identification

Abstract A new dipterous pest is reported, for the first time, on commercial pistachios from Sirjan, Kerman province, Iran. The genus of the insect was determined to be Resseliella Seitner (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Adults are light brown to brown in color and 0.8–1.5 mm in length with females, generally, slightly larger than males. Females have an elongated ovipositor, which is characteristic of the genus. Larvae are orange in color, 2–3 mm in length in the later instars, feed under bark without inducing galls, and cause branch dieback on trees of various ages. Brown to black discolorations are observed on plant tissues under bark where the larvae feed. Infestations observed on current and the previous—year’s growths, ranged from 0.5 to 1.2 cm in diameter, and all located in outer branches. Dry leaves and fruit clusters on infested branches remain attached, which may be used to recognize infestation by the gall midge. Dark-colored, sunken spots with splits on the bark located at the base of the wilted sections of the shoots also are symptoms of Resseliella sp. larval activity. Species-level identification of the gall midge is currently underway.

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Detection of the Geminga pulsar with MAGIC hints at a power-law tail emission beyond 15 GeV

Astronomy and Astrophysics ◽

10.1051/0004-6361/202039131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 643 ◽

pp. L14

Author(s):

◽

V. A. Acciari ◽

S. Ansoldi ◽

L. A. Antonelli ◽

A. Arbet Engels ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Range ◽

Power Law ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Low Energy ◽

Significance Level ◽

Inverse Compton Scattering ◽

Curvature Radiation ◽

Sensitivity Range ◽

Inverse Compton ◽

First Time

We report the detection of pulsed gamma-ray emission from the Geminga pulsar (PSR J0633+1746) between 15 GeV and 75 GeV. This is the first time a middle-aged pulsar has been detected up to these energies. Observations were carried out with the MAGIC telescopes between 2017 and 2019 using the low-energy threshold Sum-Trigger-II system. After quality selection cuts, ∼80 h of observational data were used for this analysis. To compare with the emission at lower energies below the sensitivity range of MAGIC, 11 years of Fermi-LAT data above 100 MeV were also analysed. From the two pulses per rotation seen by Fermi-LAT, only the second one, P2, is detected in the MAGIC energy range, with a significance of 6.3σ. The spectrum measured by MAGIC is well-represented by a simple power law of spectral index Γ = 5.62 ± 0.54, which smoothly extends the Fermi-LAT spectrum. A joint fit to MAGIC and Fermi-LAT data rules out the existence of a sub-exponential cut-off in the combined energy range at the 3.6σ significance level. The power-law tail emission detected by MAGIC is interpreted as the transition from curvature radiation to Inverse Compton Scattering of particles accelerated in the northern outer gap.

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Cellulose Degradation by Micromonosporas Recovered from Freshwater Lakes and Classification of These Actinomycetes by DNA Gyrase B Gene Sequencing

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01092-08 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 74 (22) ◽

pp. 7080-7084 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Alexandre B. de Menezes ◽

Robert J. Lockhart ◽

Michael J. Cox ◽

Heather E. Allison ◽

Alan J. McCarthy

Keyword(s):

Lake Water ◽

Type Species ◽

Cellulose Degradation ◽

Gene Sequencing ◽

Dna Gyrase ◽

Selective Isolation ◽

Freshwater Lakes ◽

Isolation Method ◽

Single Cluster

ABSTRACT A number of Micromonospora strains isolated from the water column, sediment, and cellulose baits placed in freshwater lakes were shown to be able to degrade cellulose in lake water without any addition of nutrients. A selective isolation method was also developed to demonstrate that CFU arose from both spores and hyphae that inhabit the lake environment. Gyrase B gene sequencing performed on the isolates identified a number of new centers of variation within Micromonospora, but the most actively cellulolytic strains were recovered in a single cluster that equated with the type species of the genus, M. chalcea.

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Spatial Structure of the Acth-(6-9)-PGP Molecule

Journal of the chemical society of pakistan ◽

10.52568/000597 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 500-500

Author(s):

Namiq Akhmedov Namiq Akhmedov ◽

Leyla Agayeva Leyla Agayeva ◽

Gulnara Akverdieva Gulnara Akverdieva ◽

Rena Abbasli and Larisa Ismailova Rena Abbasli and Larisa Ismailova

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Spatial Structure ◽

Main Chain ◽

Low Energy ◽

Dihedral Angles ◽

Amino Acid Residues ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Theoretical Conformational Analysis ◽

Energy Of Hydrogen Bonds ◽

Low Energy Conformations

The spatial structure of ACTH-(6-9)-PGP molecule has been investigated using theoretical conformational analysis method. Amino acid sequence of the N-terminal pentapeptide fragment of His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pro of this molecule conforms to the fragment 6-9 of ACTH hormone. Calculations of conformational states of this molecule are carried out regarding nonvalent, electrostatic and torsional interactions and the energy of hydrogen bonds. The spatial structure of the His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pro-Gly-Pro molecule was estimated on the low–energy conformations of the N-terminal tetrapeptide fragment His-Phe-Arg-Trp and C-terminal tripeptide fragment Pro-Gly-Pro of this molecule. It is shown that the spatial structure of heptapeptide molecule can be presented by 11 low-energy forms of the main chain. The low–energy conformations of this molecule, the values of dihedral angles of the backbone and side chains of the amino acid residues were founded and the energies of intra- and inter-residual interactions were determined.

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Epilogue

Who Killed Betty Gail Brown? ◽

10.5810/kentucky/9780813174624.003.0008 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Robert G. Lawson

Keyword(s):

The State ◽

Low Energy ◽

Withdrawal Symptoms ◽

High Anxiety ◽

Mind Reading ◽

Self Confidence ◽

State Of Mind ◽

First Time

Did Alex Arnold kill Betty Gail Brown? I have been asked that question hundreds of times and have never found it easy to answer. My difficulty with the question began almost as soon as I saw Arnold for the first time, in a jail cell in Lexington two or three days after he had confessed to the killing and been charged with murder. Although Arnold was not at the time hallucinating about mind-reading machines or talking to creatures on the walls of his jail cell, he was quite obviously still suffering mental impairments. He had lost his access to alcohol a little more than a week earlier and had been sitting alone in jail for most of that period; he seemed to have passed through the worst of his withdrawal symptoms, but was not even close to a total escape from the consequences of at least ten years of drunkenness. He had lost the “good feelings” he gained from drinking (elevated mood, self-confidence, and nonexistent inhibitions) and had found in their place high anxiety, low energy, some disorientation, and a crystal-clear desire to be left alone. It was under these conditions, speaking very softly and seeming almost to be talking to himself, that he said, “I killed her.” Had he made this statement under normal circumstances, in a clean and clear state of mind, it would have been easy to believe that the state had found the killer of Betty Gail Brown. But the circumstances under which the statement was made were far from normal, although they were much closer to normal that those that prevailed a few days earlier when he signed the confession that led to his prosecution for murder....

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Chemodiversity of Artemisia Dracunculus L. from Kyrgyzstan: Isocoumarins, Coumarins, and Flavonoids from Aerial Parts

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0800300811 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tshering D. Bhutia ◽

Karin M. Valant-Vetschera

Keyword(s):

Lipophilic Compounds ◽

Artemisia Dracunculus ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Specific Accumulation ◽

Organ Specific ◽

First Time

A new accession of Artemisia dracunculus L., originating from Kyrgyzstan, has been analyzed for the first time regarding organ-specific accumulation of lipophilic compounds. Differences were found between leaves, stems, and inflorescences. Exudates obtained from aerial parts yielded only flavanones (eriodictyol, naringenin and their methyl ethers), while the coumarins herniarin and scoparone and biosynthetically unrelated isocoumarins (artemidin, dracumerin) were found to be tissue components. The chemosystematic significance of observed accumulation tendencies is shortly discussed, and other chemodiversity aspects are briefly addressed.

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The effects of oxytetracycline on the intestinalEscherichia coliflora of newly weaned pigs

Journal of Hygiene ◽

10.1017/s0022172400062306 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 77-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. Hinton ◽

D. J. Hampson ◽

Elisabeth Hampson ◽

A. H. Linton

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibacterial Agent ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Selective Isolation ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Faecal Flora ◽

Isolation Media ◽

First Time

SUMMARYFour recently weaned pigs were dosed orally with oxytetracycline. This caused a rapid increase in the incidence of tetracycline resistance (TcR) amongEscherichia coliisolates from the faecal flora. The isolates were differentiated further on the basis of O-serogroup, biotype and resistance pattern. There was no evidence that the administration of the antibiotic selected for a few TcR clones, but rather a relatively large number of TcR strains were identified during the dosing period. Using selective isolation media a proportion of these strains were demonstrated in the minority faecalEsch. coliflora before dosing, while the remainder were recognized for the first time after dosing commenced.The incidence of TcR amongEsch. coliisolates also increased after weaning in other pigs which were not dosed with oxytetracycline or any other antibacterial agent. In a proportion of these animals this increase was associated with the dominance of a TcR enteropathogenic serotype (0149:K 91, K 88a, c) in the faecalEsch. coliflora which was probably ingested in small numbers before weaning. The source of other TcR strains was probably the environment in which each pig was placed after weaning.

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Excitation function for α-particle-induced reactions in light-mass nuclei

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p93-017 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 71 (3-4) ◽

pp. 115-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

N. L. Singh ◽

S. Agarwal ◽

J. Rama Rao

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Inelastic Scattering ◽

Excitation Function ◽

Low Energy ◽

Activation Technique ◽

Scattering Effects ◽

Foil Activation ◽

Stacked Foil Activation Technique ◽

First Time ◽

Existing Data

The excitation functions of 51V [(α, xn), x = 1.3; (α, p3n); (α, α3n) (α, 2α)] and 59Co[(α, 2n); (α, αxn); x = 1, 2] reactions were measured up to 50 MeV by the stacked-foil activation technique and high-resolution Ce(Li)–HPGe spectroscopy method. Of these 51V(α, xnypzα) reactions were studied for the first time with better accuracy than earlier measurements, which were done with a poor resolution scintillation–Ge(Li) detectors some 20 years ago. In the case of 59Co, existing data show large discrepancies at low energy. Comparisons are presented with the prediction of hybrid and exciton models. While for the (α, xn) type of reactions, reasonably explainable pre-equilibrium contributions are found, there seem to be indications of direct inelastic scattering effects in the (α, αxn) type of reactions.

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Molecules in Comets: A Tool to Estimate the Low Energy Cosmic Ray Flux Outside the Solar System?

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900154452 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 120 ◽

pp. 443-445

Author(s):

Valerio Pirronello

Keyword(s):

Solar System ◽

Chemical Species ◽

Cosmic Ray ◽

Low Energy ◽

Chemical Modifications ◽

Cometary Nuclei ◽

First Time ◽

Cosmic Ray Flux

It is described a method for evaluating the low energy cosmic ray flux outside the heliosphere. It is based on the chemical modifications induced in cometary nuclei by impinging ions and on the release of synthesized chemical species by comets entering for the first time into the inner solar system.

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