scholarly journals Toxicity of Compounds Isolated from White Snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) to Adult and Larval Yellow Fever Mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti)

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601101
Author(s):  
Alden S. Estep ◽  
James J. Becnel ◽  
Stephen T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Initial Activity ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Adulticidal Activity

Botanicals have been the source for several classes of pesticides for mosquitoes. However, increasing resistance to these products and reduced numbers of choices necessitate the search for new active ingredients. Ageratina altissima (L.) King & H. Rob. or white snakeroot, is found throughout the eastern United States and contains known toxic compounds. We examine chromenes (benzopyrans) and benzofurans isolated from this plant for larvicidal and adulticidal activity against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti L. Initial activity identified several compounds that were effective against either larvae or adults. Interestingly, only two compounds were effective against both larva and adults. Dose curves were constructed from further testing of these active compounds to allow comparative ranking of efficacy. We identified dehydrotremetone as the most effective larvicide (0.03 ± 0.001 ng/μL) and 6-acetyl-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethylchromene as the most effective adulticide (1.17 ± 0.31 μg/org) although other compounds were also active. This study provides additional useful data for evaluation of chromenes and benzofurans as possible mosquiticidal agents.

scholarly journals Bioefficacy of Duranta erecta leaf extract on yellow fever and dengue vector, Aedes aegypti Linn. in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 124-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekenma Julia Agwu ◽  
Ejikeme Gregory Odo ◽  
Felicia Ekeh ◽  
Michael Uwagbae ◽  
Godwin Ngwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Dengue Vector

scholarly journals Identifikasi Jenis Bahan Aktif dan Penggunaan Insektisida Antinyamuk serta Kerentanan Vektor DBD terhadap Organofosfat pada Tiga Kota Endemis DBD di Provinsi Banten

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Joni Hendri ◽  
Asep Jajang Kusnandar ◽  
Endang Puji Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Pirimiphos Methyl ◽  
Susceptibility Status

The increasing cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in various places leads to increased efforts to control the Aedes aegypti mosquito populations using anti-mosquito insecticide. The use of insecticides continuously, the absence of insecticide rotation and errors in the application has been lead to insecticide resistance of dengue vector. The purpose of this study is (1) to identify active ingredients of insecticide; (2) used of anti-mosquito insecticide that has been used by households and programs, (3) as well as knowing the susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti to organophosphate insecticides (Malathion 0,8% and Temephos 0.02 ppm). Descriptive research with cross sectional approach conducted in three highest endemic cities in Banten province: Cilegon City, Serang City, and South Tangerang City. Identification of anti-mosquito insecticide has been done by interview, and identifying health centers and Health Service reports. The results showed that most respondents have been using anti-mosquito insecticide applied daily at night. Respondents prefer to use repellent which can be applied by swab. Based on the active ingredient, D-alethrin is a type of active ingredients which mentioned most often, followed by Pralethrin and Diethyltoluamide (DEET). Insecticides used by the program are Malathion and Pirimiphos-methyl, rotated by Cypermethrin. Susceptibility test results showed that Aedes aegypti is not susceptible to Malathion 0,8 % and Temephos 0.02 ppm.

Yellow Fever in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 160-181
Author(s):  
Robert N. Wiedenmann ◽  
J. Ray Fisher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
The United States ◽  
Abraham Lincoln ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Slave Ships ◽  
The City

This chapter focuses on yellow fever, which inspired dread in the United States when epidemics occurred in the 1700s and 1800s. The 1878 epidemic in Memphis, Tennessee, triggered an exodus from the city of frightened people who often took the disease with them and resulted in the deaths of an estimated 20,000 people in the southern United States. As the chapter relates, the cause of the disease was unknown at the time, bringing fear and ineffective attempts to prevent or cure it. An early effort in biowarfare even attempted, unsuccessfully, to use clothing soiled by yellow fever victims to infect President Abraham Lincoln. The chapter goes on to describe how yellow fever, classified as a flavivirus, is transmitted by Aedes aegypti, both native to East Africa. Yellow fever arrived in the Americas because of a sequence of unlikely events that allowed the mosquito, virus, and susceptible victims to be transported to there on slave ships, a sequence traceable to the Silk Roads.

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