scholarly journals Identification of 6,7-Dimethoxychromone as a Potent Allelochemical from Jatropha podagrica

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutjaritpan Boonmee ◽  
Arihiro Iwasaki ◽  
Kiyotake Suenaga ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Allelopathic Substance

Jatropha podagrica Hook. is cultivated as an ornamental plant and is also used in traditional medicine. The species has various pharmacological properties, but it has not yet been investigated for any potential allelopathic activity and allelopathic substances. In this study, an allelopathic active substance was isolated from an aqueous methanol extract of J. podagrica leaves through chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC. The substance was characterized as 6,7-dimethoxychromone by spectral analysis. 6,7-Dimethoxychromone significantly inhibited the shoots and roots of cress at concentrations greater than 0.3 mM. The concentrations required of 6,7-dimethoxychromone for 50% growth inhibition of cress shoots and roots were 0.95 and 0.83 mM, respectively. The inhibitory activity against the seedling growth of cress indicates that 6,7-dimethoxychromone may contribute to the allelopathic effects and may be responsible for the allelopathic activity in J. podagrica. This report is the first on the allelopathic activity of 6,7-dimethoxychromone as an allelopathic substance from J. podagrica.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of an Allelopathic Substance from Hibiscus sabdariffa

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prapaipit Suwitchayanon ◽  
Piyatida Pukclai ◽  
Osamu Ohno ◽  
Kiyotake Suenaga ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Allelopathic Substance

In this study, an allelopathic substance was isolated from an aqueous methanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. by column chromatography and reverse phase HPLC. The chemical structure of the substance was determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry as trimethyl allo-hydroxycitrate. Trimethyl allo-hydroxycitrate inhibited the growth of cress hypocotyls and roots at concentrations greater than 10 mM. The concentrations required for 50% growth inhibition of the hypocotyls and roots of cress were 20.3 and 14.4 mM, respectively. The inhibitory activity of trimethyl allo-hydroxycitrate suggests that the substance may act as an allelopathic substance of H. sabdariffa.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic Substance with Allelopathic Activity in Brachiaria decumbens

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Kobayashi ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Phytotoxic Substance

The grass Brachiaria decumbens becomes naturalized and quickly dominant in non-native areas. It was hypothesized that phytotoxic substances of plants may contribute to the domination and invasion of the plants. However, no potent phytotoxic substance has been reported in B decumbens. Therefore, we searched for phytotoxic substances with allelopathic activity in this species. An acpeous methanol extract of B. decumbens inhibited the growth of roots and shoots of cress (Lepidium sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), timothy (Phleum pratense) and ryegrass ilolium multiflorum) seedlings. The extract was then purified using chromatographic methods and a phytotoxic substance with allelopathic activity was isolated and identified by spectral analysis as ( 6R,9S)-3-oxo-α-ionol. These results suggest that this compound may contribute to the allelopathic effect caused by the B. decumbens extract and may be in part responsible for the invasion and domination of B. decumbens. Two other Brachiaria species, B. brizantha and a Bractearia hybrid were also confirmed to contain ( 6R,9S)-3-oxo-α-ionol. Therefore, this compound may play an important role in the phytotoxicity of the Brachiaria species.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIANGIOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF STANDARDIZED EXTRACTS OF Piper sarmentosum Roxb

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Hussain ◽  
Zhari Ismail ◽  
Amirin Sadikun ◽  
Pazilah Ibrahim ◽  
Amin Malik
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Uv Detection ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Methanol Extracts

 ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to investigate the antiangiogenesis activity of standardized extracts/fractions of the leaf of Piper sarmentosum, using rat aorta model. The pulverized leaf was extracted sequentially and methanol extract was further fractionated with hexane, chloroform and ethylacetate. Both extracts and fractions were standardized by reverse phase HPLC with UV detection at 260 nm, using two markers, sarmentine and sarmentosine. Chloroform and methanol extracts have exhibited antiangiogenesis activity of 100% and 20% respectively. Antiangiogenesis activity of hexane and chloroform fractions was found to be 10% and 90% respectively, while ethylacetate fraction was found to be inactive. The analysis of most active extract and fraction has exhibited different profile by HPLC on the basis of amides. This study indicates that chloroform extract and fraction have promising antiangiogenesis activity and have potential for diseases involving angiogenesis. Keywords : antiangiogenesis activity, Piper sarmentosum Roxb.

Understanding Process Variables and their Interactions for Maximizing Production of Artemisinin Derivative Artemether (Anti-Malarial Drug) Through Cunninghamella echinulata var elegans at 5 L Bioreactor Level

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-452
Author(s):  
Kashyap Kumar Dubey ◽  
Punit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Finding ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cunninghamella Echinulata ◽  
Life Threatening

Background: Malaria is one of the life threatening diseases which is caused by Plasmodium sp. of protozoa and uses Anopheles mosquitos as vector. Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum are common form of malaria parasite. Artemisinin is reported for its antimalarial activities and Artemether which is a methyl ether derivative of Artemisinin, has been found effective against P. falciparum. Methods: In the present study, bioconversion of Artemisinin into Artemether was carried out experimentally and the statistical tools like experimental factorial design and Response Surface Methodology were used to find optimal conditions (concentration of Artemisinin, age of inoculum, temperature & pH) using Cunninghamella echinulata var. elegans. Experimental conditions for maximum product recovery from culture broth were also optimized using various polar and non-polar solvents for extraction. Artemether purity was analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC. Experimental data was fitted in a quadratic model and effect of various parameters was analyzed. Results: It was found that bioconversion of Artemisinin into Artemether is growth associated process. It was observed that molasses used as carbon source supported production of Artemether to 3.4g/L. The biomass and oxygen are key element affecting of bioconversion of Artemisinin into Artemether such as higher dissolved oxygen reduced the Artemether bioconversion. The highest bioconversion of Artemisinin into Artemether was obtained at temperature 25.5oC, 5g/L concentration of Artemisinin, at age of inoculum of 44.5 h and at pH 6.0. Model suggested the highest bioconversion of Artemisinin into Artemether was 54% at shake flask level which was near about experimental finding. An optimal condition for bioconversion was also analyzed and 64% bioconversion was obtained in 5L bioreactor. Conclusion: The outcomes of the study provided optimum conditions for bioconversion of Artemisinin into Artemether.

scholarly journals Orphan Designation and Cisplatin/Hyaluronan Complex in an Intracavitary Film for Malignant Mesothelioma

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Sabrina Banella ◽  
Eride Quarta ◽  
Paolo Colombo ◽  
Fabio Sonvico ◽  
Antonella Pagnoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Pharmaceutical Development ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography

Pleural mesothelioma is a lung diffuse tumor, whose complete resection is unlikely. Consequently, metastases reappear where the primary tumor was removed. This paper illustrates the orphan medicine designation procedure of an intracavitary cisplatin film and related pharmaceutical development aspects requested by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in its Scientific Advice. Since cisplatin pharmacokinetics from the implanted film in sheep resulted substantially modified compared to intravenous administration, the formation of a cisplatin/hyaluronan complex had been hypothesized. Here, the interaction between sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) and cisplatin (CisPt) was demonstrated. Size exclusion chromatography qualitatively evidenced the complex in the film-forming mixture, only showing the NaHA peak. Atomic absorption spectroscopy of the corresponding fraction revealed platinum, confirming the interaction. Reverse phase HPLC quantified about 5% free cisplatin in the film-forming mixture, indirectly meaning that 95% was complexed. Finally, a study of CisPt release from the film assessed how CisPt/NaHA complex affected drug availability. In water, a medium without chloride ions, there was no release and the film remained intact for 48 h and longer, whereas the placebo film dissolved in 15 min. In 0.9% NaCl medium, the film became more soluble, dissolving within 3–4 h. However, cisplatin release was still controlled by the existing complex in solution until chloride ions displaced it. While the film modified its dissolution with aging, CisPt release remained unaffected (90% released in 48 h).

Quantitation of Amiodarone and Desethylamiodarone from Blood Serum and Myocardium Using Reverse Phase HPLC

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2625-2637 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alan Menius ◽  
D. James Schumacher ◽  
Emily A. Hull-ryde ◽  
Cyril Y. Leung ◽  
Robin G. Cummings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase

scholarly journals Phytotoxic Activity and Growth Inhibitory Substances from Albizia richardiana (Voigt.) King & Prain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1455
Author(s):  
Kawsar Hossen ◽  
Arihiro Iwasaki ◽  
Kiyotake Suenaga ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Albizia Richardiana ◽  
The Tropics

Albizia richardiana, a fast-growing, large deciduous tree belonging to the Fabaceae family, grows well in hot and humid areas but mainly grows in the tropics of the Old World. The medicinal and other uses of Albizia richardiana are well documented, but the phytotoxic effects of this tree have not yet been investigated. We conducted this study to investigate the phytotoxic activity of Albizia richardiana leaves and to identify growth inhibitory substances for controlling weeds in a sustainable way. Aqueous methanol extracts of Albizia richardiana leaves greatly suppressed the growth of cress and barnyard grass seedlings in a concentration- and species-dependent manner. Two phytotoxic substances were separated using several purification steps and characterized through spectral analysis as dehydrovomifoliol and loliolide. Dehydrovomifoliol and loliolide significantly arrested the seedling growth of cress in the concentrations of 0.1 and 0.01 mM, respectively. The extract concentrations needed for 50% growth inhibition (I50 values) of cress seedlings were 3.16–3.01 mM for dehydrovomifoliol and 0.03–0.02 mM for loliolide. The results suggest that these two allelopathic substances might play a vital role in the phytotoxicity of Albizia richardiana leaves.

In vitro 19-norandrogen synthesis by equine placenta requires the participation of aromatase

1995 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Moslemi ◽  
P Silberzahn ◽  
J-L Gaillard
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitors ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Term Placenta ◽  
Flow Detector

Abstract Explants of equine full-term placenta have been shown to synthesize 19-norandrogens from labelled androgens. Steroid metabolites were purified by silica-gel column chromatography then analysed and quantified by C18-reverse-phase HPLC coupled to a radioactive flow detector. 19-Norandrostenedione was subsequently recrystallized to constant specific activity, providing unequivocal evidence of its synthesis by the equine placenta. 19-Norandrostenedione synthesis appeared to be localized in the microsomal fraction. Regardless of the substrate used, formation of 19-norandrogens was far weaker than that of oestrogens; moreover, the yield of 17-oxosteroids produced was much greater than that of 17β-hydroxysteroids, suggesting the presence of a dehydrogenase with predominant oxidative activity. Sulphoconjugated steroids formed were less than 0·5% of total steroids. Although 19-nortestosterone could not be generated by equine purified aromatase incubated with labelled testosterone, the synthesis of 19-norandrogens and oestrogens by equine placental explants was blocked by two specific aromatase inhibitors, 4-hydroxyandrostenedione and fadrozole. Our results provide evidence for a placental origin of at least a part of the 19-norandrogens previously identified in the blood of the pregnant mare. Furthermore, it is suggested that 19-norandrogen biosynthesis would involve the enzymatic metabolism of 19-oxygenated androgens formed by equine aromatase. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 144, 517–525

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