Does A Major Earthquake Change Attitudes and Well-Being Judgments? A Natural Experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigehiro Oishi ◽  
Florian Kohlbacher ◽  
Hyewon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Design Analyses

Does a major natural disaster change life satisfaction? This study is a rare natural experiment, in which roughly half of the respondents completed the survey before and the other half completed it after the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011. A series of regression discontinuity design analyses showed that those who completed the survey after the earthquake reported being less satisfied with their lives than those who happened to complete the survey before the earthquake. There were no discontinuity on demographic variables and other consumer attitudes. The main findings remained virtually unchanged when we controlled for Big Five personality traits and demographic variables. Together, the current findings suggest that the experience of a major natural disaster changes their life satisfaction at least in the short run.

Incremental Validity of Achievement Goals in Predicting Subjective Well-Being Among University Students

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Approach Goals ◽  
Mastery Approach

This study examined the role that achievement goals may play in predicting subjective well-being, particularly the extra contribution of achievement goals beyond that of personality traits. There were 371 university students from Nanjing, China (mean age = 20.67, SD = 1.30) who participated in the study and reported their achievement goals, the Big Five personality traits, and subjective well-being (including life satisfaction, positive, and negative affect). Results revealed that mastery-approach goals positively and significantly predicted life satisfaction; mastery-approach and performance-approach goals positively, whereas performance-avoidance goals negatively significantly predicted positive affect. When working with the Big Five personality traits, mastery-approach goals and performance-approach goals showed their added contributions to life satisfaction and positive affect, respectively. These results highlight the importance of considering achievement goals when explaining individual differences of subjective well-being as well as the importance of taking subjective well-being into account when understanding the nature of achievement goals.

How Do People Share Their Positive Events?

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara A. Palmer ◽  
Meagan A. Ramsey ◽  
Jennifer N. Morey ◽  
Amy L. Gentzler
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Sharing Patterns ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract. Research suggests that sharing positive events with others is beneficial for well-being, yet little is known about how positive events are shared with others and who is most likely to share their positive events. The current study expanded on previous research by investigating how positive events are shared and individual differences in how people share these events. Participants (N = 251) reported on their likelihood to share positive events in three ways: capitalizing (sharing with close others), bragging (sharing with someone who may become jealous or upset), and mass-sharing (sharing with many people at once using communication technology) across a range of positive scenarios. Using cluster analysis, five meaningful profiles of sharing patterns emerged. These profiles were associated with gender, Big Five personality traits, narcissism, and empathy. Individuals who tended to brag when they shared their positive events were more likely to be men, reported less agreeableness, less conscientiousness, and less empathy, whereas those who tended to brag and mass-share reported the highest levels of narcissism. These results have important theoretical and practical implications for the growing body of research on sharing positive events.

scholarly journals Perceived Social Integration Predicts Engagement and Responsiveness to Positive Events: Test of Age Moderation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 397-397
Author(s):  
Patrick Klaiber ◽  
David Almeida ◽  
Nancy Sin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
National Study ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Social Integration has important implications for health and well-being during adulthood. Being socially integrated might be an important resource that helps people to regularly engage in daily positive events. With older age, this resource might become increasingly important. However, being well socially integrated might also mean that people are certain that they experience more positive events in the future and thus, respond with less positive affect to any given positive event. We examined perceived social integration as a predictor of engagement and responsiveness to positive events using data from the National Study of Daily Experiences 2. 1904 adults (Mean age = 56.25, min = 33, max = 84) reported their daily positive affect and daily positive events during 8 consecutive days of telephone interviews. Perceived social integration was assessed at baseline. Adults higher in social integration experienced daily positive events more frequently (b = 0.01, SE = 0.003, p < .001), but showed less of an increase in positive affect on days with more-than-usual positive events (b = -0.003, SE = 0.001, p = .030). These models controlled for the Big Five personality traits, purpose in life, demographic variables and same-day occurrence of stressors. Age did not moderate the present associations. The present findings imply that social integration might be an important contributor to experiencing more positive events across adulthood. Being better socially integrated might also lead to responding with less positive emotions to any given positive event.

Working Beyond the Bell

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 2156759X1877513
Author(s):  
Amanda Winburn ◽  
Rebekah Reysen ◽  
Eric Suddeath ◽  
Mandy Perryman
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Counselor Training ◽  
School Counselor ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
School Level ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Lower Life Satisfaction

The purpose of this study is to explore workaholism tendencies and their relationship to the Big Five personality traits and life satisfaction within a school counselor population. Results indicate that school counselors employed in high school settings experience significantly higher levels of workaholism tendencies than those at the elementary or middle school level, and school counselors with neurotic tendencies are most likely to be workaholics. Data also showed that school counselors with higher levels of workaholism have lower life satisfaction. We discuss implications for school counselor training and practice.

scholarly journals Perceived Well-Being and Quality of Life in People with Typical and Atypical Development: The Role of Sports Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Massimo Ingrassia ◽  
Francesco Mazza ◽  
Piera Totaro ◽  
Loredana Benedetto
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Sports And Physical Activity ◽  
Atypical Development ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Sports and physical activity are recognized as a source of psycho-physical well-being. Therefore, practicing sports can improve the perception of the quality of life (QoL). The study investigated in adults with atypical development (AD) and typical development (TD) if the perceptions of well-being and QoL may depend on the frequency of practicing sports. Participants were 51 AD (age M = 32.98, SD = 7.81; 45.1% female) and 270 TD adults (age M = 26.50, SD = 6.52; 79.3% female) subsequently divided into three groups: 1) people not practicing sports, or 2) practicing it occasionally, or 3) practicing it regularly. We adopted general self-efficacy, life satisfaction, positive well-being, and psychological distress related to physical exercise as measures of well-being, WHOQOL-BREF as QoL, and I-TIPI-R as indicators of Big Five personality factors. Questionnaires were completed online. Practicing sports influenced the perception of well-being and QoL. For the AD group, sporting practice seems to have assumed an equalization effect, eliminating the statistical differences between well-being and QoL measures of AD and TD groups. Associations emerged between Big Five and well-being and QoL indices with some differences as a function of group characteristics. In summary, results suggest that practicing sports is strongly associated with improvements in perceptions of well-being and QoL, especially in disabled persons.

scholarly journals Effects of Peers and Rank on Cognition, Preferences, and Personality

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-47
Author(s):  
Utteeyo Dasgupta ◽  
Subha Mani ◽  
Smriti Sharma ◽  
Saurabh Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Selective College ◽  
Selective Colleges ◽  
Economic Preferences

We exploit the variation in admission cutoffs across colleges at a leading Indian university to estimate the causal effects of enrolling in a selective college on cognitive attainment, economic preferences, and Big Five personality traits. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that enrolling in a selective college improves university exam scores of the marginally admitted females, and makes them less overconfident and less risk averse, while males in selective colleges experience a decline in extraversion and conscientiousness. We find differences in peer quality and rank concerns to be driving our findings.

Flourishing in Student Veterans With and Without Service-Connected Disability: Psychometric Validation of the Flourishing Scale and Exploration of Its Relationships With Personality and Disability

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Umucu ◽  
Teresa Ann Grenawalt ◽  
Antonio Reyes ◽  
Timothy Tansey ◽  
Jessica Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Student Veterans ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Big Five Personality

Veterans are an increasing population in postsecondary education. Many student veterans have disabilities affecting their well-being and success in college. This study aims to add to current knowledge on well-being by exploring the relationship between flourishing, personality traits, and service-connected disability among student veterans. First, we set out to psychometrically validate the Flourishing Scale (FS) for student veterans. Second, we evaluated the association of the Big-Five personality traits and flourishing. Finally, we evaluated the differences in flourishing among student veterans with and without service-connected disabilities. Two hundred five student veterans were recruited for the current study. A random split-half approach was adopted to perform an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Subsequent to conducting the EFA and CFA, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationships between flourishing and Big-Five personality traits. Finally, an independent-samples t test was conducted to compare the flourishing scores of student veterans with and without a service-connected disability. Findings indicated FS is a reliable and valid scale that could be used to measure flourishing in student veterans. Detailed findings and their implications for rehabilitation counseling are provided.

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