scholarly journals Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in skull base lesions: A pictorial review

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neetu Soni ◽  
Nishant Gupta ◽  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Manisha Mangla ◽  
Rajiv Mangla
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Skull Base Lesions ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Skull base lesions can be related to wide number of pathologies including infections, benign and malignant tumors. Accurate diagnosis and differentiation between these entities is important for prompt and appropriate treatment. However, computed tomography and routine magnetic resonance imaging techniques only provide information on the extent of the lesions, with limited ability to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions. Diffusion-weighted imaging can help in many such situations by providing additional information, including help in differentiating benign from malignant lesions, so that appropriate treatment can be initiated. In this review article, we illustrate the imaging findings of the spectrum of skull base lesions, emphasizing the role of diffusion-weighted imaging in this domain.

scholarly journals Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Oncology: An Update

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Messina ◽  
Rodolfo Bignone ◽  
Alberto Bruno ◽  
Antonio Bruno ◽  
Federico Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Treatment Responses ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Almost All

To date, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is included in routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols for several cancers. The real additive role of DWI lies in the “functional” information obtained by probing the free diffusivity of water molecules into intra and inter-cellular spaces that in tumors mainly depend on cellularity. Although DWI has not gained much space in some oncologic scenarios, this non-invasive tool is routinely used in clinical practice and still remains a hot research topic: it has been tested in almost all cancers to differentiate malignant from benign lesions, to distinguish different malignant histotypes or tumor grades, to predict and/or assess treatment responses, and to identify residual or recurrent tumors in follow-up examinations. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview on the application of DWI in oncology.

scholarly journals CLINICAL EVALUATION OF DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING OF BREAST MASSES IN FEMALE PATIENTS FROM BIHAR REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Pradeep Kumar Nayak ◽  
Dr. Ajit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Breast Mri ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Breast Masses ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Prior Consent ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Breast Magnetic Resonance

Breast masses range from benign to malignant with varied etiologies. Fibroadenoma the Commonest benign and invasive ductal carcinomas are the commonest malignant lesions. Breast carcinoma is the most common and the second leading cause of deaths in women. It is present fully accepted that breast magnetic resonance is amongst the most sensitive diagnostic imaging techniques for breast lesions. DWI-MR (diffusion weighted magnetic resonance) provides new and different information about the biophysical properties of tissue. The consequent reduction of macroscopic motion effect makes possible the use of DWI in detection and characterization in breast MRI imaging. These facts and figures defines the need for early detection and treatment of breast for favourable prognosis. DWI has sufficient capacity to diagnose invasive, non-invasive breast lesions and has the ability to provide steady, high-resolution tissue images and there is a need to apply DWI to clinical practice while taking advantage of this high contrast resolution. Diffusion weighted Imaging is a potential resource as an adjuvant to breast MRI to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. Such sequence can be easily added to the standard breast magnetic resonance protocol. The present study was planned in Department of Radio- Diagnosis, Katihar Medical College and Hospital, Katihar, Bihar, India. Total 20 cases of the breast lesions refereed to our hospital were evaluated in the present study. Those patients who had come for breast MRI examinations and were detected to have lesions greater than 1 cm in size were included in the study and DWI was performed after obtaining prior consent. Patients who were referred for mammography and sonomammography and who were detected to have solid lesions greater than 1 cm were also included in this study after obtaining prior consent; diffusion-weighted sequences were performed for these patients only to characterize the lesions detected on mammography and sonomammography. The data generated from the present study concludes that DWI for breast lesions can differentiate benign from malignant lesions with a high sensitivity and specificity. The usefulness of this technique needs to be further evaluated with larger double-blind studies. Keywords: Diffusion Weighted Imaging, DWI, Breast Masses, etc.

The Role of Cross-sectional Imaging in Male Infertility: A Pictorial Review

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik S. Jhaveri ◽  
Waseem Mazrani ◽  
Tanya P. Chawla ◽  
Rafiq Filobbos ◽  
Ants Toi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Accurate Definition ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Definition Of

Infertility is a common problem. The role of imaging in assisting clinical evaluation is discussed. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are first-line, noninvasive imaging techniques that provide accurate definition of anatomical causes of infertility. This affords an opportunity to deliver timely and appropriate treatment. This pictorial review illustrates normal imaging anatomy and various causes of male infertility, and focuses on congenital and acquired testicular abnormalities and post-testicular obstruction, such as congenital absence of the vasa deferentia, seminal vesicle cysts, prostatic utricle cysts, Mullerian cysts, ejaculatory duct cysts (Wolffian cysts), and epididymal obstruction.

Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of the chest-mediastinum

2011 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 720-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tondo ◽  
A. Saponaro ◽  
A. Stecco ◽  
M. Lombardi ◽  
C. Casadio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Malignant Lesions

scholarly journals Role of Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Orbital Masses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Mundhada ◽  
Sudarshan Rawat ◽  
Ullas Acharya ◽  
Dhananjay Raje
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orbital Masses ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Orbital Lesions

Abstract Aim To determine the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in differentiating benign and malignant orbital masses. Materials and Methods After obtaining institutional ethical board approval and informed consent from all patients, an observational study was done for a period of 24 months in the radiology department of a tertiary care hospital in South India. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging and DWI using a 3T scanner was done for all patients with suspected orbital mass lesion. ADC value and clinicohistopathological correlation were studied for every patient. Chi-square test was used to compare the signal characteristics of DWI and ADC maps between benign and malignant lesions. A comparison of mean ADC values for benign and malignant masses was performed using Student’s t-test for independent samples. The cut-off value for ADC was obtained using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Of 44 patients with orbital lesions, 70% were benign and 30% were malignant. There was a significant difference in the mean ADC values of benign and malignant orbital masses. Using ROC curve analysis, an optimal ADC threshold of 1.26 × 10−3 mm2/s was calculated for the prediction of malignancy with 100% sensitivity, 80.65% specificity, and 86.36% accuracy (95% confidence interval: 0.872, 1.00, p < 0.0001). Two ADC thresholds were used to characterize the orbital masses with more than 90% confidence. Conclusion Quantitative assessment of ADC is a useful noninvasive diagnostic tool for differentiating benign and malignant orbital masses. Malignant orbital lesions demonstrate significantly lower ADC values as compared with benign lesions.

scholarly journals Role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of mammographically detected asymmetric densities

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Zidan ◽  
Shimaa Ali Saad ◽  
Eman Abo Elhamd ◽  
Hosam Eldin Galal ◽  
Reem Elkady
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Breast Asymmetries ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Abstract Background Asymmetric breast density is a potentially perplexing finding; it may be due to normal hormonal variation of the parenchymal pattern and summation artifact or it may indicate an underlying true pathology. The current study aimed to identify the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the assessment of breast asymmetries. Results Fifty breast lesions were detected corresponding to the mammographic asymmetry. There were 35 (70%) benign lesions and 15 (30%) malignant lesions. The mean ADC value was 1.59 ± 0.4 × 10–3 mm2/s for benign lesions and 0.82 ± 0.3 × 10–3 mm2/s for malignant lesions. The ADC cutoff value to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions was 1.10 × 10–3 mm2/s with sensitivity 80%, specificity 88.6%, positive predictive value 75%, negative predictive value 91%, and accuracy 86%. Best results were achieved by implementation of the combined DCE-MRI and DWI protocol, with sensitivity 93.3%, specificity 94.3%, positive predictive value 87.5%, negative predictive value 97.1%, and accuracy 94%. Conclusion Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) was the most sensitive method for the detection of the underlying malignant pathology of breast asymmetries. However, it provided a limited specificity that may cause improper final BIRADS classification and may increase the unnecessary invasive procedures. DWI was used as an adjunctive method to DCE-MRI that maintained high sensitivity and increased specificity and the overall diagnostic accuracy of breast MRI examination. Best results can be achieved by the combined protocol of DCE-MRI and DWI.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document