scholarly journals Why a critical geopolitics cannot be Confucian

2021 ◽  
pp. 204382062110177
Author(s):  
Ruben Gonzalez-Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Critical Geopolitics ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Confucian Thought ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

In this commentary, I welcome An et al.’s (2021) commitment to explore the role of Confucian thought in the contemporary practices of statehood in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Nonetheless, I also take issue with the authors’ argument that a Confucian geopolitics is needed to replace inadequate ‘Western geopolitical frameworks’. Confucian philosophies promote a hierarchical social order based on authority and subordination, and the way in which they are selectively and strategically utilized in contemporary China represents an important subject of analysis. However, they should not be viewed as a framework of analysis, as they obscure rather than shed light on spatial and class struggles – even in the hybridized stylization endorsed by An et al. Critical political economic and critical geopolitical perspectives with a global theoretical orientation and a knowledge of place and culture offer more promise in the disentangling of state practices and social relations in the PRC.

scholarly journals The Special Apparatus (al-Niẓām al-Khāṣṣ): The Rise of Nationalist Militancy in the Ranks of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood

Religions ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abou El Zalaf
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
British Colonization ◽  
Special Apparatus ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

Existing scholarship has largely focused on the role of Sayyid Qutb’s ideas when analyzing the Muslim Brotherhood’s violent history. Perceiving Qutb’s ideas as paving the way for radical interpretations of jihad, many studies linked the Brotherhood’s violent history with this key ideologue. Yet, in so doing, many studies overlooked the importance of the Special Apparatus in shaping this violent history of the Brotherhood, long before Qutb joined the organization. Through an in-depth study of memoires and accounts penned by Brotherhood members and leaders, and a systematic study of British and American intelligence sources, I attempt to shed light on this understudied formation of the Brotherhood, the Special Apparatus. This paper looks at the development of anti-colonial militancy in Egypt, particularly the part played by the Brotherhood until 1954. It contends that political violence, in the context of British colonization, antedated the Brotherhood’s foundation, and was in some instances considered as a legitimate and even distinguished duty among anti-colonial factions. The application of violence was on no account a part of the Brotherhood’s core strategy, but the organization, nevertheless, established an armed and secret wing tasked with the fulfillment of what a segment of its members perceived as the duty of anti-colonial jihad.

Branding, culture, and political ideology: Spanish patriotism as the identity myth of an iconic brand

2020 ◽  
pp. 146954051989997
Author(s):  
Antonio Pineda ◽  
Paloma Sanz-Marcos ◽  
María-Teresa Gordillo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Iconic Status ◽  
Separatist Movement ◽  
Cultural Branding ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

The cultural aspects of brands, as well as their consideration as symbols in consumer cultures, are relevant elements of contemporary branding. This research relies on cultural branding as a theoretical framework that explains the role of brands as vessels of ideology. Such a role relates to the fact that brands can simultaneously reflect and smooth societal tensions – that is, the mechanics that turn brands into icons according to the theory of “iconic brands.” This article focuses on the Spanish fashion company Piel de Toro (“Bull Skin”) to illustrate the ideological role of brands, as well as the identity myths they convey to meet consumers’ anxieties. To study the way this brand formulated a patriotic identity myth in the context of the Catalonian separatist movement, Piel de Toro’s “Proudly Spanish” 2017 campaign is analyzed by putting together the brand genealogy method and different data sources. Results shed light on the scope and limits of the brand’s iconic status, and indicate the role of commercial brands as political–ideological actors in contemporary Spanish culture.

The Role of North Korea in China’s Civil War: The Soviet-led North Korean Assistance to the CPC in the Northeast Theater, 1946-1948

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-97
Author(s):  
Tomer Nisimov
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Communist Party Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Foreign Intervention ◽  
The Republic Of China ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Economic

Abstract Previous studies of China’s civil war have concentrated on different aspects and causes leading to the Communist victory and focused on political, economic, and military explanations. Few studies, however, have examined the features of foreign intervention and assistance to the Communist Party of China and their contribution to the latter’s success. Sino-Soviet relations and cooperation during the war have received the attention of several studies, but the role of North Korea in the war has remained obscure. As information regarding North Korea’s actions during China’s civil war remains largely inaccessible, few studies have debated the question of whether North Korea had ever deployed its forces in China’s Northeast in order to assist their Chinese comrades. Relying on military and intelligence documents from the Republic of China, this article shows how by the time of the Soviet withdrawal from China’s Northeast, the USSR had become resolute about turning North Korea into a militarized state in order to protect its own interests in the region and assist the Chinese Communists.

scholarly journals Problems in English to Arabic Subtitles Translation of Religious Terms—Bruce Almighty and Supernatural on MBC & Dubai One: A Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdel Azim ElShiekh
Keyword(s):  
Young Men ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
Arab Gulf ◽  
Bruce Almighty ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

<p>This paper attempts to shed light on some cultural and/or technical problems in the translation of religious terms from English into Arabic in the subtitles of movies, with particular reference to some Arab Gulf countries channels. Due to limitations of time and space, the researcher has taken two particular channels as representative, namely MBC Channel group and Dubai One. The data of the research have been collected from one film and one TV series as quite typical examples of works that may lead to serious problems in the subtitles translation with regard to religious terms. In both cases, the use of religious terms is not only obligatory but also focal. The researcher points the discrepancies in the choice of Arabic equivalents for the English religious terms in question as well as explores the possible reasons of and recommended solutions to such cultural problems in translation. The film, <em>Bruce Almighty</em>, is a light and comic treatment of the phenomenon of well-educated yet vain young men, doubting the wisdom of God Almighty. Jim Cary plays the role of the young man, while Morgan Freeman actually plays God! Hence, there is no easy way out of the necessity of tackling the problem of translating the religious terms involved. As for the TV series, <em>Supernatural</em>, the whole episode deals with God, angels, demons and Satan. It remains to be said that this paper does not claim to give decisive answers to the questions posed by the research, but only aspires to pave the way before further research on the topic and related issues.</p>

scholarly journals Do sertão ao cerrado: trajetórias do território e do sertanejo goiano

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Júlio César Pereira Borges
Keyword(s):  
El Paso ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Bibliographical Survey ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Way

ResumoCom base na refuncionalização territorial de Goiás, este artigo busca analisar a inserção desse estado na lógica da expansão capitalista na América Latina e no Brasil, enfatizando como a vida sertaneja local é transformada pela ação do capital, responsável pela passagem de Goiás do sertão para Goiás do cerrado. É nessa perspectiva que está pautado este estudo, ou seja, no entendimento da interação dos elementos políticos, econômicos e culturais que se processam na inserção de Goiás na lógica da expansão capitalista e como essa situação ressoa na vida do sertanejo goiano. Para isso, realizou-se uma análise bibliográfica sobre a leitura geográfica do cerrado, acompanhada de entrevistas com pesquisadores do assunto. Tais ferramentas nos possibilitaram entender a incorporação do cerrado na dinâmica do capitalismo mundial e sua reverberação na (re)existência do sertanejo goiano.Palavras-chave: Expansão Capitalista; Cerrado Brasileiro; Território Goiano; (Re)Existência Sertaneja. AbstractBy introducing a debate grounded on the territorial refunctionalization of Goiás state, this article addresses the inclusion of Goiás within the logic of capitalist expansion in Brazil and in Latin America. Moreover, it stresses the way the sertanejo way of life is transformed by the role of capital, which is responsible for the transition from hinterland to savannah in Goiás. The present research stems from understanding the interaction between political, economic, and cultural elements processed in the inclusion of Goiás within the logic of capitalist expansion in Brazil, as well as the way this scenario resonates in the life of the state’s hinterland. To achieve that, this paper brings forth a bibliographical survey of geographical research on the state’s savannah, as well as interviews with researchers. These tools made it possible to understand the savannah’s incorporation into the dynamics of global capitalism and its reverberation in Goiás’ hinterland (re)existence.Keywords: Capitalist Expansion; Brazilian Savannah; Goiás’ Territory; Hinterland (Re)Existence. ResumenCon base en la refuncionalización territorial de Goiás, este artículo analiza la inserción de este estado em la lógica de la expansión del capitalismo en América Latina y en Brasil, enfatizando como la vida sertaneja local es transformada por la acción del capital, responsable po el paso de Goiás del sertão a Goiás del Cerrado. Es en esta perspectiva que está pautado este artículo, o sea, en el entendimiento de la interacción de los elementos políticos, económicos y culturales que se procesan em la inserción de Goiás en la lógica de la expansión capitalista y como esa situación resuena en la vida del sertanejo de Goiás. Por lo tanto, se realizo um análisis bibliográfico sobre la lectura geográfica del Cerrado, acompanhada de entrevistas con investigadores del asunto. Tales herramientas son indispensables para entender la incorporación del Cerrado  em la dinâmica del capitalismo mundial y su reverberación en la (re) existencia del sertanejo goiano.Palabras clave: Expansión capitalista; Cerrado brasileño; Territorio Goiano; (Re) existencia sertaneja. 

Consequences of Recent Changes in Research and Practice for the Identity of Psychiatrists

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (S2) ◽  
pp. 92s-98s ◽  
Author(s):  
J Guimón
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Managed Care ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The Way

SummaryThe limits of the role of psychiatrists are becoming increasingly vague as a consequence of the confusion on the theoretical model, the excessive size of the field and the managed care movement that is deeply altering the way psychiatric services are delivered. A thorough reflection has to be made about the need to strengthen the professional identity of future psychiatrists in the course of their training. Theoretical orientation of psychiatrists depends, to a large extent, on the training that they received during residency and the type of practice they undertake. It is necessary, therefore, to consider that the institutional path and expected activities in the program of training postgraduates is particularly important for the development of the identity of the resident as a psychiatrist. The criteria for elaborating these programs have to take into account, not only the opinion of the teachers and of the residents, but also many other parameters, one of which is the description of what makes a true psychiatrist in his or her clinical practice, so as to adapt the content of programs to the realization of inherent objectives to the activities described.

scholarly journals Borrowed identities: Class(ification), inequality and the role of credit-debt in class making and struggle

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1417-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Sparkes
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Class Inequality ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
Relative Class ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
The Way

Class analysis has re-emerged as a pertinent area of enquiry. This development is linked to a growing body of work dubbed cultural class analysis, that utilises Bourdieu’s class scheme to develop rich understandings of how culture and lifestyle interacts with economic and social relations in Britain, generating inequalities and hierarchies. Yet cultural class analyses do not properly account for the way individuals resist their relative class positions, nor the role of unsecured credit in facilitating consumption. This article contributes to this area by examining how unsecured credit and problem debt influences consumption and class position amongst individuals with modest incomes. Drawing on 21 interviews with individuals managing problem debt, this article details how class inequality emerges through affective states that include anxiety and feelings of deficit. It also shows how these experiences motivate participants to rely on unsecured credit to consume cultural goods and engage in activities in a struggle against their class position, with the intention of enhancing how they are perceived and classified by others. The findings indicate that cultural class analyses may have overlooked the symbolic importance of mundane consumption and goods in social differentiation. This article further details how these processes entangle individuals into complex liens of debt – which lead to over-indebtedness, default, dispossession and financial expropriation – illustrating how investigations of credit-debt can better inform understandings of class inequality, exploitation and struggle.

Maiakovskii and the Mobile Monument: Alternatives to Iconoclasm in Russian Culture

Slavic Review ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 766-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Rann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

This article examines Vladimir Maiakovskii's frequent references to statues and monuments in his poetry in relation to traditions of iconoclasm in Russian culture in order not only to shed light on the poet's attitude toward the role of the past in the creation of a new culture but also to investigate the way in which the destruction, relocation, and transformation of monuments, both in the urban landscape and in art, reflects political change in Russia. James Rann demonstrates that, while Maiakovskii often invoked a binary iconoclastic discourse in which creation necessitates destruction, his poetry also articulated a more nuanced vision of cultural change through the symbol of the moving monument: the statue is preserved but also transformed and liberated. Finally, an analysis of “Vo ves' golos” shows how Maiakovskii's myth of the statue helped him articulate his relationship to Soviet power and to his own poetic legacy.

scholarly journals ADAPTATION OF KAZAKHS ZHETYSU TO A NEW LIFE (II half of the 19th - early 20th centuries)

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Bissembayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
National History ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Way

The article examines the problems of life of Kazakhs of Zhetysu in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries - changes in clothing, food, housing, utensils, furniture, adaptation of the population to a new life. Changing the way of life and way of life of the Kazakhs in Zhetysu in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries is one of the most important topics in national history. Because the political, economic and social changes that took place between 1867-1917, along with social relations, deeply penetrated the inner life of the population and began to radically change the way of life and customs, which for a long time were formed in accordance with the ancient way of life.

scholarly journals The Party and the Multitude: Brazil’s Workers’ Party (PT) and the Challenges of Building a Just Social Order in a Globalizing Context*

2004 ◽  
pp. 199-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianpaolo Baiocchi
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Radical Democracy ◽  
World Social Forum ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Successful Resolution ◽  
Leftist Parties ◽  
The Way

What is the role of Brazil’s Workers’ Party (PT) in its sponsorship of the World Social Forum, and what is the signi?cance of this relationship to the struggles to build a more just social order? Some have criticized the pres-ence of the PT in the Forum, juxtaposing its partisan motives to the democratic impulses of the “multitude.” This article challenges this reading by tracing the development of the PT in the last decade, bringing to light the ways the party’s development challenges traditional narratives about leftist parties. In particular, this article discusses the way that the successful resolution of the challenges of governance in local and regional levels through “participatory solutions” has progressively transformed the party towards a party of radical democracy that values non-instrumental relationships to social movements and unorganized sectors of civil society. This radically democratic stance is represented in the way that the PT spon-sors, but does not control or seek to control, the WSF or its proceedings. Re-imagining the relationship between social movements and political parties is an urgent task in the struggle for global social justice and the PT serves as a useful model. Abandoning this relationship as implicitly suggested by advocates of the “multitude” would be to the detriment of the struggle for global justice.

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