scholarly journals EXPRESS: Retrospective study of clinical characteristics and viral etiologies of patients with viral pneumonia in Beijing

2021 ◽  
pp. 204589402110110
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhao ◽  
Yao Meng ◽  
Duo Li ◽  
Zhaomin Feng ◽  
Weijuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Chip Technology ◽  
Viral Influenza ◽  
Simplex Virus

Aims: The virus is common in patients with viral pneumonia. However, the viral etiology and clinical features of patients with viral pneumonia in China remain unclear. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the viral causes and epidemiology of patients with viral pneumonia in Beijing, which can significantly improve the pertinence and accuracy of clinical treatment of the disease. Methods: Firstly, 1,539 respiratory specimens of pneumonia (oropharyngeal swabs, nasopharyngeal swabs, saliva samples and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) were collected from 19 hospitals in Beijing from September 2015 to August 2018. Then, TaqMan low-density microfluidic chip technology was used to detect viral pneumonia specimens in 1,539 respiratory tract specimens of pneumonia, and determine the types of viral bacteria in them. Lastly, the analysis of demographic, clinical and etiological data of patients with viral pneumonia was performed. Results: The results showed that among the 1,539 respiratory tract specimens with pneumonia, 760 were detected as viral pneumonia specimens, with a positive rate of 49.4%. Among which, 467 were infected with mono-viral and 293 were infected with multi-viral. Influenza A virus (Flu A), mycoplasma pneumoniae (MPn), ebola virus (EBV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were the major viral components in the samples of these patients. Furthermore, these viral species were significantly associated with sample sources, onset season and certain clinical characteristics. Discussion: Our findings may provide corresponding treatment strategies for viral pneumonia patients infected with specific viruses.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Diagnosis, Treatments and Prevention: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Soumik Chatterjee ◽  
Sabyasachi Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Novel Coronavirus are very harmful virus. This viruses have positive single stranded RNA genome and enveloped which is called nucleocapsid. The family of this virus is Coronaviridae. This virus originated from species of avian and mammalian. This virus effect on upper respiratory tract in humans. Many species of these novel coronaviruses (HCoVs) are named as HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63. Predominant species of this virus is Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) across the world.  In both adults and childrens HCoV-HKU1 sp. is causes for chronic pulmonary disease and HCoV-NL63 species causes for upper and lower respiratory tract disease. Most recent species of this virus is MERS-CoV. This species caused for acute pneumonia and occasional renal failure. The new strain of novel Coronavirus is SARS-CoV-2. This strain causes for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease named by the World Health Organization. Now world fighting against COVID-19 and according to the recent statistics report of world about the COVID-19 cases approx 22.6M confirmed cases and 792K death cases appeared and recovered 14.5M. COVID-19 disease starts to spread from December 2019 from china. Covid-19 disease is emerged in Wuhan seafood market at Wuhan of South China and then rapidly spread throughout the world. The corona virus outbreak has been declared a public health emergency of International concern by World Health Organization (WHO). In this article we summarize the current clinical characteristics of coronavirus and diagnosis, treatments and prevention of COVID-19 disease. In this review article, we analyze data from various Research Reports like WHO guidelines and other articles. It is very important to the readers that new data of COVID-19 updating nearly every hour of day regarding clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment strategies, and outcomes COVID-19 disease. The degree of COVID-19 disease varying throughout the world. COVID-19 affected patient shows various symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise among others. The COVID-19 disease is being treated through general treatment like symptomatic treatment, by using antiviral drugs, oxygen therapy and by the immune system. There is no vaccine or therapeutic strategies for deal with this disease yet. In this critical situation preventive measures must be require.  A very important issue in preventing viral infection is hand hygiene. There are other entities that people can boosting the immune system and help in infection prevention.

scholarly journals Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Human Adenovirus in Adults: A Prospective Observational Study in Guangdong, 2019–2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Wu ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Dongdong Liu ◽  
Xuesong Liu ◽  
Jierong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Abstract Background: Viral causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are mostly limited to influenza. However, adenovirus has been emerging as a cause of ARDS with a high mortality rate and described in adults are rare.Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center observational study of viral pneumonia with ARDS and confirmed adenovirus-associated ARDS in adults at our quaternary referral institution between March 2019 and June 2020. We prospectively analyzed clinical characteristics, laboratory test results, radiological characteristics, viral load from nasopharyngeal swabs and endotracheal aspirates, treatments, and outcomes for the study participants.Results: The study enrolled 143 ARDS patients, including 47 patients with viral pneumonia-related ARDS, among which there were 14 adenovirus-associated ARDS patients, which accounted for 29.79% of the viral pneumonia-related ARDS cases. Among the adenovirus-associated ARDS patients, 78.57% were men with a mean age of 54.93 ± 19.04 years. Adenovirus-associated ARDS patients had no specific clinical characteristics, but they presented with shortness of breath and fever, and their initial chest radiographic findings were multifocal or showed diffuse opacity. The viral load and the positivity rate in the lower respiratory tract were higher than that of the upper respiratory tract in the patients with adenovirus-associated ARDS, and 85.71% of the patients had a significant decrease in the number of CD3+CD4+ T cells during the early stage. All patients required invasive mechanical ventilation treatment. The average time from shortness of breath to the application of invasive ventilation was 24 hours. The median duration of invasive mechanical ventilation was 22 days (14–75 days). Six patients (42.86%) required renal replacement therapy, and three patients (21.43%) required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Additionally, 85.71% of the 14 adenovirus-associated ARDS patients survived.Conclusion: Adenovirus infection is an important cause of virus-related ARDS. The positivity rate of adenovirus infection in lower respiratory tract secretions was higher than that in upper respiratory tract secretions in these patients. Most of the patients had a significant decrease in the number of CD3+CD4+ T cells during the early stage. Early identification and intervention to prevent disease progression are essential for reducing the mortality rate in these patients.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Demographic, Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Hospital Influenza-related Viral Pneumonia Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Fu ◽  
Zhengjie Wu ◽  
Lingtong Huang ◽  
Zhaohui Chai ◽  
Peidong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Human Influenza ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture

Abstract Objective: Through the comparison of the demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of hospital human influenza (influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, H3N2, and B) -related and hospitalized avian-origin influenza A (H7N9)-related viral pneumonia patients , find the different between them.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients.Results: Human influenza A -related patients in the 35–49-year-old group were more than those with B pneumonia patients (p=0.027), and relatively less in the ≥65-year-old group than B pneumonia patients (p=0.079). The proportion of comorbid condition to human influenza A pneumonia was lower than B pneumonia and H7N9 pneumonia patients (78% vs. 77.8%; p=0.013). The proportion of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), lymphocytopenia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase to hospitalized human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was higher than B pneumonia patients (p<0.05), but lower than H7N9 pneumonia patients (p<0.05). In the multivariate analysis, pulmonary consolidation (odds ratio (OR): 13.67; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54–121.12; p=0.019) and positive bacterial culture (sputum) (OR: 7.71; 95% CI: 2.48–24.03; p<0.001) were independently associated with IMV , while shock (OR: 13.16; 95% CI: 2.06–84.07; p=0.006), white blood cell count >10,000/mm3 (OR: 7.22; 95% CI: 1.47–35.58; p=0.015) and positive bacterial culture(blood or sputum) (OR: 6.27; 95% CI: 1.36–28.85; p=0.018) were independently associated with death in the three types hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patientsConclusions: Hospital influenza B-related viral pneumonia mainly affects the elderly and people with underlying diseases, while human influenza A pneumonia mainly affects the young adults; however, the mortality was similar. The hospitalized human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was severer than B pneumonia patients,but milder than H7N9 pneumonia patients. Pulmonary consolidation and positive bacterial culture (sputum) were independently associated with IMV, while shock, white blood cell count >10,000/mm3, and positive bacterial culture (blood or sputum) were independently associated with death to three types hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients.

Clinical characteristics and computed tomography findings in children with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) viral pneumonia

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Mori ◽  
Mayuko Morii ◽  
Kojiro Terada ◽  
Yoshimasa Wada ◽  
Yuki Kuroiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused By Human Adenovirus In Adults: A Prospective Observational Study In Guangdong, 2019–2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Wu ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Dongdong Liu ◽  
Xuesong Liu ◽  
Jierong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Abstract Background: Viral causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are mostly limited to influenza. However, adenovirus has been emerging as a cause of ARDS with a high mortality rate and described in adults are rare.Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center observational study of viral pneumonia with ARDS and confirmed adenovirus-associated ARDS in adults at our quaternary referral institution between March 2019 and June 2020. We prospectively analyzed clinical characteristics, laboratory test results, radiological characteristics, viral load from nasopharyngeal swabs and endotracheal aspirates, treatments, and outcomes for the study participants.Results: The study enrolled 143 ARDS patients, including 47 patients with viral pneumonia-related ARDS, among which there were 14 adenovirus-associated ARDS patients, which accounted for 29.79% of the viral pneumonia-related ARDS cases. Among the adenovirus-associated ARDS patients, 78.57% were men with a mean age of 54.93 ± 19.04 years. Adenovirus-associated ARDS patients had no specific clinical characteristics, but they presented with shortness of breath and fever, and their initial chest radiographic findings were multifocal or showed diffuse opacity. The viral load and the positivity rate in the lower respiratory tract were higher than that of the upper respiratory tract in the patients with adenovirus-associated ARDS, and 85.71% of the patients had a significant decrease in the number of CD3+CD4+ T cells during the early stage. All patients required invasive mechanical ventilation treatment. The average time from shortness of breath to the application of invasive ventilation was 24 hours. The median duration of invasive mechanical ventilation was 22 days (14–75 days). Six patients (42.86%) required renal replacement therapy, and three patients (21.43%) required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Additionally, 85.71% of the 14 adenovirus-associated ARDS patients survived.Conclusion: Adenovirus infection is an important cause of virus-related ARDS. The positivity rate of adenovirus infection in lower respiratory tract secretions was higher than that in upper respiratory tract secretions in these patients. Most of the patients had a significant decrease in the number of CD3+CD4+ T cells during the early stage. Early identification and intervention to prevent disease progression are essential for reducing the mortality rate in these patients.Trial registration: ChiCTR1900022822. Registered 27 April 2019, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=38064

scholarly journals A Comparison of Demographic, Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Hospital Influenza-related Viral Pneumonia Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Fu ◽  
Zhengjie Wu ◽  
Lingtong Huang ◽  
Zhaohui Chai ◽  
Peidong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Human Influenza ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Abstract Background The comparison of the demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of hospital human influenza (influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, H3N2, and B) -related and hospitalized avian-origin influenza A (H7N9)-related viral pneumonia patients has not been reported. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients. Results The average age of hospitalized human influenza A -related viral pneumonia patients was lower than B pneumonia patients(p<0.05), human influenza A -related patients in the 35–49-year-old group were more than those with B pneumonia patients (p<0.05), and relatively less in the ≥65-year-old group than B pneumonia patients (p=0.079). The proportion of patients who have at least one comorbid condition to human influenza A pneumonia was lower than B and H7N9 pneumonia (p<0.05). The proportion of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), lymphocytopenia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and d-dimer to hospitalized human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was higher than B pneumonia patients (p<0.05), but lower than H7N9 pneumonia patients (p<0.05). Conclusions Hospital influenza B-related viral pneumonia mainly affects the elderly and people with underlying diseases, while human influenza A pneumonia mainly affects the young adults; however, the mortality was similar. The proportion of severe cases to hospital human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was higher than those of B pneumonia patients but lower than H7N9 pneumonia patients. Pulmonary consolidation and positive bacterial culture (sputum) were independently associated with IMV, while shock, white blood cell count >10,000/mm 3 , and positive bacterial culture (blood or sputum) were independently associated with death to three types hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients.

scholarly journals A comparison of demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospital influenza-related viral pneumonia patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Fu ◽  
Zhengjie Wu ◽  
Lingtong Huang ◽  
Zhaohui Chai ◽  
Peidong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Human Influenza ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture

Abstract Background Through the comparison of the demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of hospital human influenza (influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, H3N2, and B)-related and hospitalized avian-origin influenza A (H7N9)-related viral pneumonia patients, find the different between them. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients. Results Human influenza A-related patients in the 35–49-year-old group were more than those with B pneumonia patients (p = 0.027), and relatively less in the ≥ 65-year-old group than B pneumonia patients (p = 0.079). The proportion of comorbid condition to human influenza A pneumonia was 58%, lower than B pneumonia and H7N9 pneumonia patients (78% vs. 77.8%; p = 0.013). The proportion of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), lymphocytopenia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase to hospitalized human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was higher than B pneumonia patients (p < 0.05), but lower than H7N9 pneumonia patients (p < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, pulmonary consolidation (odds ratio (OR): 13.67; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54–121.12; p = 0.019) and positive bacterial culture (sputum) (OR: 7.71; 95% CI 2.48–24.03; p < 0.001) were independently associated with IMV, while shock (OR: 13.16; 95% CI 2.06–84.07; p = 0.006), white blood cell count > 10,000/mm3 (OR: 7.22; 95% CI 1.47–35.58; p = 0.015) and positive bacterial culture(blood or sputum) (OR: 6.27; 95% CI 1.36–28.85; p = 0.018) were independently associated with death in the three types hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients. Conclusions Hospital influenza B-related viral pneumonia mainly affects the elderly and people with underlying diseases, while human influenza A pneumonia mainly affects the young adults; however, the mortality was similar. The hospitalized human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was severer than B pneumonia patients, but milder than H7N9 pneumonia patients. Pulmonary consolidation and positive bacterial culture (sputum) were independently associated with IMV, while shock, white blood cell count > 10,000/mm3, and positive bacterial culture (blood or sputum) were independently associated with death to three types hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients.

scholarly journals Local and Systemic Immune Responses to Influenza A Virus Infection in Pneumonia and Encephalitis Mouse Models

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiharu Nagaoka ◽  
Nobuyuki Nosaka ◽  
Mutsuko Yamada ◽  
Masato Yashiro ◽  
Yosuke Washio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lung Lavage ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Local Responses ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Insight Into

Objective. To compare local and systemic profiles between different disease pathologies (pneumonia and encephalitis) induced by influenza A virus (IAV).Methods. An IAV pneumonia model was created by intranasal inoculation of C57BL/6 mice with influenza A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus. Lung lavage and blood collection were performed on day 3 after IAV inoculation. Similarly, an IAV encephalitis mouse model was created by direct intracranial IAV inoculation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood collection were conducted according to the same schedule. Cytokine/chemokine profiles were produced for each collected sample. Then the data were compared visually using radar charts.Results. Serum cytokine profiles were similar in pneumonia and encephalitis models, but local responses between the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the pneumonia model and CSF in the encephalitis model differed. Moreover, to varying degrees, the profiles of local cytokines/chemokines differed from those of serum in both the pneumonia and encephalitis models.Conclusion. Investigating local samples such as BALF and CSF is important for evaluating local immune responses, providing insight into pathology at the primary loci of infection. Serum data alone might be insufficient to elucidate local immune responses and might not enable clinicians to devise the most appropriate treatment strategies.

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