scholarly journals The role of intimate partner violence victimization during pregnancy on maternal postpartum depression in Eastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212198949
Author(s):  
Wondimye Ashenafi ◽  
Bezatu Mengistie ◽  
Gudina Egata ◽  
Yemane Berhane
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Physical Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence During Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Postpartum Depression

Background: Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is a strong predictor of maternal postpartum depression. In Ethiopia, evidence on the association of intimate partner violence during pregnancy with postpartum depression is very limited. To design appropriate intervention, it is thus important to understand how postpartum depression varies as a function of the type and severity of intimate partner violence victimization during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to explore the association of different types of intimate partner violence during pregnancy and its severity with postpartum depression in Eastern Ethiopia. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to October 2018. The study included a sample of 3015 postpartum women residing in Eastern Ethiopia. The cutoff point for postpartum depression was defined as ⩾13 points according to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The prevalence ratio with 95% confidence intervals was calculated, and the association between the main predictor (i.e. intimate partner violence during pregnancy) and the outcome variable (postpartum depression) was determined using log binomial regression model. Results: 16.3% (95% confidence interval: 14.9–17.7) of women experienced postpartum depression. After controlling potential confounding factors, the prevalence of postpartum depression among women exposed to severe physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy was 1.98 times higher as compared to those not exposed to physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.53–2.54). Exposure to psychological intimate partner violence during pregnancy was found to increase the prevalence of postpartum depression by 1.79 as compared to non-exposure to psychological intimate partner violence during pregnancy (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.79; 95% confidence interval: 1.48–2.18). Conclusion: The study provides evidence that psychological and severe physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy were significantly associated with maternal postpartum depression. Screening of pregnant women for intimate partner violence and providing them the necessary support can minimize the risk to postpartum depression.

Factors Associated With Women’s Reporting of Intimate Partner Violence in Spain

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (15) ◽  
pp. 2402-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belén Sanz-Barbero ◽  
Laura Otero-García ◽  
Carmen Vives-Cases
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Reporting Process ◽  
Principal Factors

In Spain, in 2013, the 20% of women who were murdered by their partner had reported him previously. We analyze the 2011 Spanish-Macrosurvey on Gender Violence to identify and analyze the prevalence of and the principal factors associated with reporting a situation of intimate partner violence (IPV) and the main reasons women cite for not filing such reports, or for subsequently deciding to withdraw their complaint. Overall, 72.8% of women exposed to IPV did not report their aggressor. The most frequent reasons for not reporting were not giving importance to the situation (33.9%), and fear and lack of trust in the reporting process (21.3%). The main reasons for withdrawing the complaint were cessation of the violence (20.0%), and fear and threats (18.2%). The probability of reporting increased among women with young children who were abused, prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]): 2.14 [1.54, 2.98], and those whose mother was abused, prevalence ratio (95% CI): 2.25 [1.42, 3.57]. Always focusing on the need to protect women who report abuse, it is necessary to promote the availability of and access to legal resources especially among women who use them less: women who do not have children and women who do not have previous family exposure to violence.

scholarly journals The association between intimate partner domestic violence and the food security status of poor families in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1305-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
Rosemeire Leovigildo Fiaccone ◽  
Maurício Lima Barreto ◽  
Mônica Leila Portela Santana ◽  
Sandra Maria Chaves dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Physical Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Household Food

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between physical intimate partner violence and household food security within households with schoolchildren.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSalvador, Bahia, north-eastern Brazil.SubjectsThe study was conducted in 1019 households with students. Violence between couples was evaluated using the Portuguese version of the revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2), previously adapted and validated for use in Brazil. The Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (BFIS) was used to identify food insecurity. We also obtained socio-economic information for each participant. We used multivariate Poisson regression to assess the associations of interest.ResultsAccording to the results of the BFIS, 62·5 % of the households were found to experience food insecurity, including 19·5 % moderate food insecurity and 6·5 % severe food insecurity. The prevalence of minor physical violence was 9·6 % (95 % CI 7·8, 11·4 %) and of severe physical violence was 4·7 % (95 % CI 3·4, 6·0 %) among the couples. In the final multivariate model, it was found that couples reporting minor (prevalence ratio=1·23; 95 % CI 1·12, 1·35) and severe (prevalence ratio=1·16; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·34) physical violence were more likely to be experiencing household food insecurity, compared with those not reporting physical violence.ConclusionsPhysical intimate partner violence was associated with food insecurity of households. The present study brings new data to the subject of the role of violence in the context of food insecurity.

scholarly journals Intimate Partner Violence among Pregnant Women and Postpartum Depression in Vietnam: A Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tran Tho Nhi ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thuy Hanh ◽  
Nguyen Duc Hinh ◽  
Ngo Van Toan ◽  
Tine Gammeltoft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Violence During Pregnancy

Background. Exposure to intimate partner violence during pregnancy is associated with a wide range of adverse reproductive health outcomes. However, detailed knowledge on the association between specific types of exposure to partner violence and postpartum depression is limited. Purpose. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between exposure to emotional violence, physical violence, and sexual violence during pregnancy and postpartum depression among women in northern Vietnam. Methods. The study was designed as a longitudinal study, which included a total of 1,337 women. The study participants were recruited from 24 communes in Dong Anh District, Hanoi, Vietnam, and interviewed four times: (a) at enrolment (which took place no later than week 24 of the pregnancy); (b) at a gestational age of 30-34 weeks; (c) at delivery; and d) 4-12 weeks after delivery. Emotional, physical, and sexual violence exerted by the intimate partner were measured using a modified version of the questionnaire initially developed by the World Health Organization, and signs of depression were measured by the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. Results. More than one-third of the women (35.3%) experienced at least one type of violence during their pregnancy and 8.2% of the women reported postpartum depression. The results of multivariate analyses showed that both physical and sexual violence were statistically significantly associated with postpartum depression (AOR=2.75, 95%CI: 1.19-6.35 and AOR=1.93, 95%CI: 1.01-3.73, respectively). Conclusions. The results showed strong and statistically significant associations between partner violence and postpartum depression. These findings clearly demonstrate a crucial need for relevant health professionals to identify women who are exposed to partner violence and screen for postpartum depression in order to mitigate the negative mental health outcomes among Vietnamese women.

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