The spectacle of pain in the experience: A study in rugby stadiums

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Clément Dubreuil ◽  
Delphine Dion

This research focuses on understanding how the spectacle of pain contributes to the spectators’ experience. Based on an abductive approach and a 3-year mixed and longitudinal data collection in stadiums, this work identifies four functions of the pain spectacle and details its modalities and progressiveness. This research on rugby matches contributes to the literature on experience and pain. First, it deepens the understanding of the ambivalence of experiences. It shows that the negative dimensions of experience are valued by a moral and normative system. Second, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the attractiveness of pain, by showing its association with symbolic content. Third, it introduces the concept of domesticating violence in the face of pain. The spectacle of a rugby match is part of nature/culture dialectic, with, on the one hand, a pseudo-primitive violence and, on the other hand, a sophisticated set of codes and rules. Recommendations for administrators and opportunities for future research are also presented.

Imbizo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Epongse Nkealah ◽  
Olutoba Gboyega Oluwasuji

Ideas of nationalisms as masculine projects dominate literary texts by African male writers. The texts mirror the ways in which gender differentiation sanctions nationalist discourses and in turn how nationalist discourses reinforce gender hierarchies. This article draws on theoretical insights from the work of Anne McClintock and Elleke Boehmer to analyse two plays: Zintgraff and the Battle of Mankon by Bole Butake and Gilbert Doho and Hard Choice by Sunnie Ododo. The article argues that women are represented in these two plays as having an ambiguous relationship to nationalism. On the one hand, women are seen actively changing the face of politics in their societies, but on the other hand, the means by which they do so reduces them to stereotypes of their gender.


2004 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Perrez

This article examines first tendencies towards connective usage by French-speaking learners of Dutch. Two sorts of discursive markers were analyzed, viz., attitude and relational markers. The results show two main tendencies. On the one hand, the learners seem to overuse attitude markers. This has been explained by stating that it could be a sign of the difficulty they experienced in organizing texts, establishing coherence and introducing their opinion. This inclination has also been observed for the learner use of the causal connective dus ('so, therefore'). On the other hand, the investigation of the learner usage of backward causal connectives suggests that beginners use a reduced set of frequent connectives, while more experienced learners make use of a more varied set of connectives. The tendencies observed and hypotheses advanced will have to be quantitatively and qualitatively elaborated further in future research as well as expanded to other kinds of connectives.


1971 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Evans
Keyword(s):  
The Face ◽  

For Ian Ramsey, talk about God raises many philosophical problems:‘If we are not to use anthropomorphic concepts like love, power, wisdom, we cannot talk about God; but if we do use them, how do we manage to talk of God and not man?’ (MJGC152)‘Believers wish on the one hand to claim that he (God) is indescribable and ineffable, and yet on the other hand to talk a great deal about him. Nay more, when they speak of God they say that he is transcendent and immanent, im passible yet loving, and so on. But if we speak like this, are we talking significantly at all? Here is the Falsification Problem: What kind of talk can this talk about God be, if it permits us to use such conflicting descriptions of God and to continue to use these descriptions in the face of any and all empirical phenomena?’ (RL 13–14).


Author(s):  
Sylvie De CHACUS

The present study aimed to measure the link between representations of money, ethnolinguistics affiliations and the nature of corruption among agents and users of public services. The numerous legal mechanisms put in place have produced limited results without big effects. Thus, this survey raises the problem of the persistence (obstinacy) of corruption in spite of the multiple efforts taken various levels (institutional, national, and international). The sample of the study consists, on the one hand, of 100 users of public services chosen at random at the Directorate of Treasure and Public Accounting (DGTCP) and at the General Directorate of Taxes and Domains (DGID) in Benin. And on the other hand, of 50 agents in public service; identified in the two directorates according to their contact with the users in the exercise of their functions. Two different questionnaires were used to collect data on the two targets (of agents). The results from the correlation and regression analysis confirm the existence of a significant link between the representation of money, ethnolinguistics affiliations of the agents and users of public services and the behavior of corruption. The results of this research will allow authorities at various levels to better understand the behavior of corruption of the agents and users of public service and it will also be of use in the drafting of measures that aim at changing people’s behavior for an effective and productive fight against corruption.


Upravlenie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Tettsoeva

The purpose of the article is to identify the general situations emerging in the practice of road carriers and importing companies that relate to increased risk of damage and destruction of the goods and also to delivery delays because of the mismatch between the transport packaging which is provided by foreign suppliers of construction materials and the goods itself. The article gives pride of place to the recommendations on minimizing of the risks that are connected with transport and consumer packaging of construction materials delivered in Russia from abroad by truck. It has been noted noted that in the face of declining of effective demand for commercial and residential real estate one of the most widespread ways to reduce the costs of construction and, as a result, real estate value is cutting procurement expenditures. The author draws attention to the fact that one of the reasons for occurrence of additional expenses at the stage of procurement of the goods for construction needs could be total or partial incompatibility between, on the one hand, packing and wrapping materials and, on the other hand, both the materials carried and vehicles that are planned to transport the cargo. The article considers the features of general nomenclature groups of imported from Europe construction materials, gives the detailed analysis of the characteristics of the transport and consumer packaging and also the wrapping used in the process of its transportation. The author suggests the algorithm of coordinated actions of suppliers, buyers, local carriers from countries of consignment and logistics operators, which could be applied for reducing of the quantity of the incidents during the logistics handling connected with packing.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-303
Author(s):  
Rafał Adamus

SummaryThe study discusses new legislative anti – crisis solutions adopted in Poland in connection with the COVID – 19 pandemic. The Polish legislator decided to introduce the so-called simplified restructuring procedure. This happened in the face of the expectations of both the jurisprudence of law and practice. On the one hand, the simplified restructuring procedure (the fifth independent type of restructuring procedure for an entrepreneur in Poland) allows for a quick, cheap and simplified conclusion of an arrangement with creditors outside the court, then approved by the court. On the other hand, the opening of such proceedings gives the debtor protection against enforcement at the creditor‘s request and against bankruptcy at the creditor‘s request. This procedure can be a testing ground for the concept of informalisation and acceleration of restructuring procedures.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205395171985153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia de Vries ◽  
Willem Schinkel

This paper discusses prominent examples of what we call “algorithmic anxiety” in artworks engaging with algorithms. In particular, we consider the ways in which artists such as Zach Blas, Adam Harvey and Sterling Crispin design artworks to consider and critique the algorithmic normativities that materialize in facial recognition technologies. Many of the artworks we consider center on the face, and use either camouflage technology or forms of masking to counter the surveillance effects of recognition technologies. Analyzing their works, we argue they on the one hand reiterate and reify a modernist conception of the self when they conjure and imagination of Big Brother surveillance. Yet on the other hand, their emphasis on masks and on camouflage also moves beyond such more conventional critiques of algorithmic normativities, and invites reflection on ways of relating to technology beyond the affirmation of the liberal, privacy-obsessed self. In this way, and in particular by foregrounding the relational modalities of the mask and of camouflage, we argue academic observers of algorithmic recognition technologies can find inspiration in artistic algorithmic imaginaries.


Author(s):  
Sandra Bott ◽  
Janick Marina Schaufelbuehl

This chapter illustrates how Switzerland aimed to redefine its neutrality in international relations in the first half of the 1970s. On the one hand, Switzerland maintained its traditional Cold War maxims of armed defense, neutrality, and solidarity. On the other hand, in the face of détente and the perception of a new global context, the Swiss Federal Council, inspired by the Federal Political Department, embarked on a more active foreign policy that aimed to rebrand Swiss neutrality by renewing “goodwill” and trust toward it. Although this reorientation was not entirely successful, it was driven by a profound distrust of previous alliance systems and the process of détente, which eventually led Switzerland to a more globally oriented and defensive posture in international relations.


2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Serrat ◽  
Mònica Sanz-Torrent ◽  
Sara Feijóo ◽  
Silvia Maria Chireac ◽  
Joseph Hilferty

The objective of the present study focuses on exploring two proposals about the acquisition of the grammatical category of verb. On the one hand, the study aims at analyzing whether the acquisition of a given mass of verbal lexical items occurs before the emergence of productive verbal morphology. On the other hand, the study also explores the possibility that the acquisition of negative structures emerges before productive verbal morphology as well. The study presents longitudinal data based on the linguistic production of a monolingual Spanish-speaking girl at the age of 19 to 27 months. These data show that the amount of verbal vocabulary is a good indicator of productivity as far as verbal morphology is concerned, but such vocabulary development occurs simultaneous to morphological development. The data also show that the learning and productive use of negation occurs before productivity in verbal morphology. These results are discussed in connection to the approach that claims that distributional analysis is a good mechanism for the acquisition of grammatical categories.


Ritið ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-94
Author(s):  
Lára Magnúsardóttir

The article recounts the account from the Árna saga about Loftur Helgason’s trip to Bergen in 1282 and his stay there over winter, explained in terms of the formal sources about the organization of the government and changes in the law in the latter half of the 13th century. These changes were aimed at introducing into Iceland the power of both the King and the Church and in fact marked the actual changes throughout the Norwegian state. Loftur was Skálholt‘s official and the story about him was part of a long-standing dispute about the position of the chieftains versus the new power of the Church and the opposition to its introduction. The article defines the political confusion described in the Árna sagain Bergen in the winter of 1282-1283 as, on the one hand, changes in the constitution and, on the other hand, legislation, and at the same time whether the Kings Hákon Hákonarson and his son Magnús had systematically pursued a policy of having the Church be an independent party to the government of the state from 1247 onward until the death of the latter in 1280. When the disagreement is looked at as continuing, it is seen that Icelanders had made preparations for changes in the constitution with assurances of introduction of the power of the Church beginning in 1253 and the power of the King from 1262, but, on the other hand, the disagreements in both countries disappeared in the 1270s in the face of the conflict of interests that resulted from the laws that followed in the wake of the constiututional changes. Árna saga tell of this and how the disputes were described, but also that their nature changed as King Erikur came to power in 1280, as he gave the power of the King a new policy that was aimed against the power of the Church. Ousting of the archbishop from Norway and the Christian funerals of the excommunicated chieftains are examples of the conditions of government that could not have been, if the King had no longer had executive power over Christian concerns, as he had already conceded power over spiritual issues to the Pope in Rome with the Settlement at Túnsberg in 1277.


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