scholarly journals Abnormal mast cell granules in the beige (Chédiak-Higashi syndrome) mouse.

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Y Chi ◽  
D Lagunoff
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Chediak Higashi Syndrome

Mast cells of beige (C57BL/6J) (bg-j/bg-j) mice were examined histochemically and ultrastructurally. Mast cell granules in the beige mice were markedly enlarged and irregular in shape. Granule contents stained uniformly with acidified toluidine blue, but with ruthenium red and Alcian Blue-safranin, two components were evident. The rims of the abnormal granules stained with ruthenium red and with Alcian Blue; the centers of the granules were clear with ruthenium red and stained with safranin. Mast cell granules thus represent another abnormal organelle in the Chédiak-Higashi syndrome.

Mast Cell Heterogeneity in Human Lung Tissue

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Van Overveld ◽  
L. A. M. J. Houben ◽  
F. E. M. Schmitz du Moulin ◽  
P. L. B. Bruijnzeel ◽  
J. A. M. Raaijmakers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Prostaglandin D2 ◽  
Leukotriene C4 ◽  
Human Lung Tissue ◽  
No Release

1. In this study mast cells were found to comprise 2.1% of total cells recovered by enzymatic digestion of human lung tissue. 2. This mast cell population consisted of 79% formalin-sensitive, Alcian Blue-positive mast cells and 21% formalin-insensitive, Alcian Blue-positive mast cells. 3. By the use of centrifugal elutriation and subsequent Percoll gradient centrifugation, separate mixed cell populations could be obtained in which the mast cell constituents were either of the formalin-sensitive or -insensitive type. 4. Cell suspensions in which formalin-sensitive cells comprised 97% of mast cells contained approximately 1.34 pg of histamine per mast cell, whereas in preparations in which mast cells were 84% formalin-resistant the histamine content was approximately 4.17 pg of histamine per mast cell. 5. The histamine release upon anti-immunoglobulin E challenge of formalin-sensitive mast cells was greater than the release by formalin-insensitive mast cells. 6. After challenge with opsonized zymosan, only formalin-sensitive mast cells were able to release histamine. 7. Leukotriene C4 release was observed when formalin-sensitive mast cells were challenged with antiimmunoglobulin E. Formalin-insensitive mast cells showed no release of leukotriene C4. 8. Prostaglandin D2 release was observed when formalin-insensitive mast cells were challenged with antiimmunoglobulin E. Formalin-sensitive mast cells showed no release of prostaglandin D2.

scholarly journals Changes in numbers and types of mast cell colony-forming cells in the peritoneal cavity of mice after injection of distilled water: evidence that mast cells suppress differentiation of bone marrow-derived precursors

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kanakura ◽  
A Kuriu ◽  
N Waki ◽  
T Nakano ◽  
H Asai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Chediak Higashi Syndrome

Abstract Two different types of cells in the peritoneal cavity of mice produce mast cell colonies in methylcellulose. “Large” mast cell colonies are produced by bone marrow-derived precursors resembling lymphoid cells by light microscopy (L-CFU-Mast), whereas “medium” and “small” mast cell colonies are produced by morphologically identifiable mast cells (M-CFU- Mast and S-CFU-Mast, respectively). In the present study we eradicated peritoneal mast cells by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of distilled water. The regeneration process was investigated to clarify the relationship between L-CFU-Mast, M-CFU-Mast, and S-CFU-Mast. After injection of distilled water, M-CFU-Mast and S-CFU-Mast disappeared, but L-CFU-Mast increased, and then M-CFU-Mast and S-CFU-Mast appeared, suggesting the presence of a hierarchic relationship. When purified peritoneal mast cells were injected two days after the water injection, the L-CFU-Mast did not increase. In the peritoneal cavity of WBB6F1-+/+ mice that had been lethally irradiated and rescued by bone marrow cells of C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ (beige, Chediak-Higashi syndrome) mice, L-CFU-Mast were of bgJ/bgJ type, but M-CFU-Mast and S-CFU-Mast were of +/+ type. The injection of distilled water to the radiation chimeras resulted in the development of bgJ/bgJ-type M-CFU-Mast and then S-CFU-Mast. The presence of mast cells appeared to suppress the recruitment of L-CFU- Mast from the bloodstream and to inhibit the differentiation of L-CFU- Mast to M-CFU-Mast.

scholarly journals Enterochromaffin Cells and Mast Cells in Acute Appendicitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Bhavya P. Mohan ◽  
K.P. Aravindan
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Ec Cells

Abstract Background and Objective Serotonin levels are increased in acute appendicitis. We investigated the possible source of this increase. The aim of this study was to compare the distribution and density of epithelial and nonepithelial enterochromaffin (EC) cells as well as numbers of degranulated and nondegranulated mast cells in different layers of normal appendices and acute appendicitis. Methods Sections from 15 cases of acute appendicitis and 10 cases where the appendix was morphologically normal were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin, Toluidine blue, and immunohistochemically for chromogranin and CD-117. EC cells stained by chromogranin were counted per crypt and extraepithelial EC cells counted and expressed as cells per unit area (mm2). Mast cells stained by Toluidine blue and CD-117 were counted in lamina propria, submucosa, and muscle layers. The difference between Toluidine blue and CD117 stained mast cells was taken to be an estimate of degranulated cells. The cell counts were expressed per unit area (mm2) as well as per cross-sectional area of the appendix. Results There was no statistically significant difference in epithelial and extraepithelial EC cells between acute appendicitis and normal appendix. Estimated mast cell degranulation as indicated by mast cell counts per cross-sectional area is greatly increased in acute appendicitis when compared with normal. Conclusion Degranulated mast cells rather than EC cells may be the main source of raised serotonin in acute appendicitis.

scholarly journals A Method for Quantitative Estimation of Mast Cells in the Bone Marrow of the Rat

Blood ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVAN MOTA
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution

Abstract Observations of thick smears of marrow obtained from the femur, tibia, humerus, sternum, and ribs (in rats), showed that in the first three bones, the number of mast cells was much higher than in the latter two bones. A method for the quantitative estimation of the total number of nucleated cells and of mast cells in the bone marrow of rats is presented. The method involves dilution of the marrow, in a red cell pipet, with a 1:50,000 solution of toluidine blue in 3 per cent acetic acid. This method confirmed the results of mast-cell distribution obtained in the study of marrow smears.

scholarly journals Mast cell reaction to acupuncture on tongue

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
N. Pirovski ◽  
Y. Staykova-Pirovska ◽  
D. Atanasova ◽  
N. Dimitrov
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Visualization Method ◽  
Cell Reaction ◽  
Acupuncture Needle ◽  
Needle Tract ◽  
Close Proximity

PURPOSE: The aim is to find out the mast cells (MCs) reaction in tongue after experimental acupuncture. METHODS: For experiments were carried 10 adults rats (28 months age). The needles used for the acupuncture is 0.22x13mm, and were placed for 10 minutes into standard acupuncture point Ex-HN-10 (Juquan) corresponding to that of humans. This point is located on the upper surface in the sagittal plane of the tongue and is close to the center of the tongue body. As normal consequence of every acupuncture is the forming of a needle tract and also here in the tissues of the rats tongue we could demonstrate this. This was done with a visualization method for the needle tract that we developed for tongue. The proximity of the needle tract was examined for MCs. Two stains were used for proper visualization: Toluidine blue and Bismarck brown staining. RESULTS: In close proximity of the needle tract we observed degranulation of MCs that was massive and few destroyed MCs in the needle tract itself. At a considerable distance from the MCs some discharged granules from them was found. CONCLUSIONS: There is a MCs reaction on the acupuncture of tongue that includes a degranulation of the MCs that was massive in proximity of the acupuncture needle tract. Some of the effects ot acupuncture could be due to the demonstrated MCs degranulation.

scholarly journals The presence of mast cell precursors in rat peripheral blood

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Zucker-Franklin ◽  
G Grusky ◽  
N Hirayama ◽  
E Schnipper
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Agar Culture

Abstract Soft agar culture of mononuclear cell fractions prepared from rat peripheral blood yielded numerous colonies consisting of mast cells. The mast cell nature of the cells was established by ultrastructural and histochemical analyses as well as by the demonstration the the colonies contained histamine and that the cells possessed receptors for the Fc component of IgE. Stringent criteria for the distinction of mast cells from monocytes/macrophages that could have metachromatic inclusions were applied. The alcian-blue-safranin technique delineated the maturation of mast cell granules by showing the loss of alcian-blue and increase in safranin-positive organelles presumed to reflect the increase in N-sulfated polysaccharides representing heparin. The mast cells exhibited low or absent reactions for peroxidase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate, periodic acid Schiff, and Sudan black reacting lipid, whereas macrophages stained in parallel were positive for these substances. Since it is known that extracellular conditions may cause variations in phenotypic expression, the observations have led to the hypothesis that mast cells and macrophages may have a common precursor.

Capsaicin-induced hyperemia in the stomach: possible contribution of mast cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. G209-G214 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Wallace ◽  
G. W. McKnight ◽  
A. D. Befus
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Afferent Neurons ◽  
Topical Capsaicin ◽  
H1 Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Prior Infection ◽  
Hyperemic Response

Topical application of capsaicin to the gastric mucosa results in marked hyperemia as a consequence of the release of vasoactive neuropeptides from sensory afferent neurons. Because many of these neuropeptides have the capacity to induce mast cell degranulation, we investigated the possible contribution of mast cells to capsaicin-induced hyperemia. Application of capsaicin to the gastric mucosa of normal rats resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in blood flow. In rats in which mastocytosis was induced by prior infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, the hyperemic responses to capsaicin were significantly greater than in control rats. This augmented hyperemic response could be significantly attenuated by pretreatment with a histamine H1-receptor antagonist (pyrilamine) or with a mast cell stabilizer (doxantrazole). Depletion of mucosal mast cells through treatment with dexamethasone also significantly reduced the hyperemic response to capsaicin. Hyperemic response to capsaicin in normal rats and in rats with mucosal mastocytosis could be completely abolished by pretreatment with ruthenium red or prior ablation of the sensory afferent neurons with capsaicin. These results suggest that in rats with gastric mastocytosis, sensory neuron-dependent activation of mast cells contributes to the hyperemic response to topical capsaicin. These findings are therefore consistent with the hypothesis that there is communication between nerves and mast cells in the gastric mucosa, at least in rats previously infected with N. brasiliensis.

MAST cells in the dermis of rats repeatedly moistened with chloroform: An EM study

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 242-243
Author(s):  
Y. Abu-Ghalyun ◽  
J. Shakhabneh ◽  
F. Al-Bagdadi
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Free Cell ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Uterine Glands

Mast cells are a free cell type, usually found in connective. The cells are common in the dermis and are abundant around blood vessels. Heterogeneity in the ultrastructure of mast cell has been documented. Variation of the morphology of the ultrastructure between the regional mast cells has been reported. Cellular relationships has been reported between mast cells and nerves, plasma cell, P neuropeptide and epithelial cells of uterine glands. The purpose of this study is to report the behaviour of mast cells in the dermis of rats repeatedly moistened with chloroform. Specimens were collected from the leg site of rats repeatedly moistened with chloroform, three times per day for three weeks. The collected specimens were immediately immersed in 2% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate sodium buffer at pH 7.4. Then the tissue was post fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in ethyl alcohol, processed and embedded in Epon. One micron thick sections were stained with toluidine blue for orientation and silver sections were stained with lead citrate and urynal acetate.

An improved method for staining mouse mast cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Novak ◽  
S. Nombrado
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cell ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Tissue Mast Cell ◽  
Pathological Conditions

An improved method for staining mouse mast cells with alcian blue is reported. The reaction differentiates between mucosal mast cell and connective tissue mast cell types, especially under pathological conditions.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Expression of Mast Cells Using c-Kit in Various Grades of Oral Submucous Fibrosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musarrat J. Khatri ◽  
Rajiv S. Desai ◽  
G. S. Mamatha ◽  
Meena Kulkarni ◽  
Jay Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Mast Cell Density ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a high risk precancerous condition characterized by changes in the connective tissue fibers of lamina propria and deeper parts of mucosa. Mast cells are local residents of connective tissue and have been identified to participate in fibrotic process. These cells produce pharmacologically active substances necessary for the physiological function of our body in response to various stimuli as and when required and also play a significant role in the pathogenesis of oral diseases. Ten healthy volunteers and 30 clinically diagnosed OSF cases with histopathological confirmation were included in the study. Immunohistochemical (c-kit) as well as acidified toluidine blue staining techniques were used to evaluate density and expression of mast cells. The mast cell density assessed using c-kit and toluidine blue showed significant difference in various stages of OSF. In general the mean number of mast cells obtained using c-kit was found to be more than that obtained using toluidine blue in various stages of OSF. The comparison of mast cell densities using immunohistochemistry (c-kit) and toluidine blue stain confirmed that c-kit is a more reliable technique to assess mast cell density in OSF.

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