scholarly journals Diabetes Insipidus and Concomitant Myocarditis: A Late Sequelae of COVID-19 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962199995
Author(s):  
Abu Baker Sheikh ◽  
Nismat Javed ◽  
Abdul Ahad Ehsan Sheikh ◽  
Shubhra Upadhyay ◽  
Rahul Shekhar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Late Sequela ◽  
Endocrine Complications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has become a global pandemic. Apart from the mild features of the disease, long-term complications involve many systems including both endocrine and cardiovascular systems. Myocarditis, secondary to COVID-19, has become a well-known complication of the disease. However, endocrine complications are generally not common, particularly isolated pituitary abnormalities. There is one other report of diabetes insipidus developing as a late sequela of COVID-19. In this article, we report a case of a young male who presented with features of myocarditis but developed diabetes insipidus on day 7 of admission as a long-term complication after recovery from COVID-19 infection. His laboratory test results at the time of developing the complication revealed a high serum sodium level and low urine osmolality. The patient recovered on administration of desmopressin and was discharged after 16 days of hospitalization.

THE USE OF CHLORPROPAMIDE IN DIABETES INSIPIDUS IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-245
Author(s):  
Robert M. Ehrlich ◽  
Sang Whay Kooh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Term Management ◽  
Plasma Insulin Response

Oral chlorpropamide was administered to 17 children with diabetes insipidus (D.I.). The cause of the D.I. was idiopathic, six; histiocytosis, five; craniopharyngioma, three; pinealoma, two, and post-traumatic, one. Twenty-four-hour urine volume and measurements of serum and urine osmolality at the beginning and end of a 7-hour water deprivation test were used to evaluatechlorpropamide therapy. Administration of 150 to 400 mg of chlorpropamide per day by mouth caused a reduction in urine volume in all patients (range 8 to 67%). No change in aldosterone, 17-hydroxycorticoids, or electrolyte excretion was noted. Serum electrolytes and glomerular filtration rate were not affected by therapy. Glucose tolerance and plasma insulin response remained normal in those patients tested. Mild leucine sensitivity without significant change in plasma insulin was induced in four children. During water deprivation, seven patients with secondary D.I. but only one with idiopathic D.I. produced hypertonic urine. Hypoglycemia developed in seven children and is the major hazard of treatment. Long-term management of D.I. has been possible in nine children. Oral chlorpropamide is a useful drug in children with vasopressin-sensitive diabetes insipidus.

Vaccine Passport - A blockchain based architecture for secure, tamper-resistant, privacy-enhanced credentialing mechanism of vaccination and verification of test results (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu An Lee ◽  
Hsin-Hua Kung ◽  
Wei-Chen Wu ◽  
Jai Ganesh Udayasankaran ◽  
Yu-Chih Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Protection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Data Accuracy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
International Data

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The prevention and treatment methods for COVID-19 are not yet clear. At present, there are at least 287 preventive vaccines against COVID-19 in the world, of which 5 vaccines are available for emergency use as of June 2021, but none has completed clinical trial. Nevertheless, with the development of vaccines, disease conditions in various countries are gradually controlled. OBJECTIVE The vaccination rate has increased in time, and activities in various countries have gradually recovered. Therefore, the focus of the next stage is confirming and proving that everyone is vaccinated to ensure that those without vaccines will not become a breach in the next wave of diseases. The vaccination or RT-PCR test results are all certified and verified by paper documents issued by hospitals or testing institutions. Meanwhile, falsified documents are a major risk factor in confirming the vaccination status and laboratory test results. Although the Vaccine Passport (VP) may become an important key to future global activities based on the current strategy, the problems of document verification and data use among countries have not yet been resolved. METHODS The blockchain architecture proposed in this research can be applied together by public and private entities and be rapidly expanded. Furthermore, the open ledger of blockchain achieves transparency and data accuracy. On the other hand, smart contracts (SCs) achieve authorization and authentication, while the encryption and decryption mechanisms achieve data protection. In order to make it globally available, the international data standard “Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR)” is adopted into this research. In general, this blockchain architecture can achieve global vaccine passport verification accurately and at a low cost. RESULTS The open nature of the blockchain contributes to establishing transparency and data accuracy. Total three entities are included in this blockchain architecture. All of the authorization are public in the open ledger. The smart certificate enables authorization and authentication, while the encryption and decryption mechanism ensure data protection. This proof of concept demonstrates the design of blockchain architecture which, when adopted, can achieve global vaccine passport verification accurately and at a cost country can afford. An actual vaccine passport case was established and demonstrated in this study. Open blockchain, individually authorized authentication mechanisms, and international standard vaccine passports were adopted. CONCLUSIONS Blockchain architecture is used to build the authentication process of an executable international vaccine passport, with advantages of low cost, high interoperability, effectiveness, security and verifiability.

Time-dependent displacement behaviour of model adfreeze and grouted piles in saline frozen soils

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.W. Biggar ◽  
D.C. Sego
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Model Pile ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Pile Deformation

The findings of a laboratory study on the time-dependent displacement of model piles in saline frozen soil are reported. The short-term time-dependent pile deformation in ice-poor saline silty sand was best described using a simple power law of time, whereas the long-term time-dependent deformations were best described using a flow law formulation similar to that used to describe the long-term time-dependent deformation of ice or ice-rich permafrost. The use of cementitious grout as a backfill resulted in doubling of the pile load carrying capacity for a given displacement rate. The laboratory test results compare well with other laboratory and field studies. Key words : frozen soil, saline, model pile, time-dependent deformation, sand backfill, grout.

ESTIMATING LOAD-DISPLACEMENT BEHAVIOR OF SOFT CLAYS

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Tonaroglu ◽  
Cem Akguner ◽  
Murat E. Selcuk
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Study Laboratory

Prediction of long term settlement of soft soils below civil engineering structures is an important issue in geotechnical engineering. The data from laboratory consolidation tests are used to estimate the ultimate settlement and problems arise in predicting settlement-time behavior in the field. In order to overcome this difficulty some empirical models or adjustments have been proposed based on field settlement measurements, even if they are available at least for the early stages of loading. In this study, laboratory test results and field settlement measurements obtained for the long term settlement of clayey layers underlying the Alibey Dam in Istanbul, Turkey are used in conjunction with a model proposed by Edil and Mochtar (1984) for peat-like soils. The soil parameters of the proposed model have independently been obtained using both laboratory test data and field measurements, and model predictions are compared with actual recorded settlements. It is observed that the field measurements could be predicted more closely if the model parameters are obtained from field measurements, but predictions based on laboratory consolidation and creep test results also provide satisfactory results following the initial stages of loading.

scholarly journals Partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus associated with lithium therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e231093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Nandoshvili ◽  
Steve Hyer ◽  
Nikhil Johri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Urinary Concentrating Ability

A 40-year-old Caucasian man developed excessive thirst and polyuria particularly at night over the preceding 6 months. He had been taking lithium for 16 years for the treatment of bipolar affective disorder. Investigations revealed subnormal maximum urinary concentrating ability after 8 hours of water deprivation and only a borderline response of urine osmolality to exogenous desmopressin given by intramuscular injection. A plasma copeptin concentration was elevated at 23 pmol/L. These results were consistent with partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. He was encouraged to increase his water intake as dictated by his thirst. In addition, he received amiloride with some improvement in his symptoms. Clinicians should be aware of the risk of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus with long-term lithium use and seek confirmation by a supervised water deprivation test augmented with a baseline plasma copeptin. If increased water intake is insufficient to control symptoms, amiloride may be considered.

scholarly journals The Arginine Stimulation Test Allows Rapid Diagnosis of Central Diabetes Insipidus in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A635-A636
Author(s):  
Luigi R Garibaldi ◽  
Nursen Gurtunca ◽  
Christine March ◽  
Oscar Escobar ◽  
Natalie Marie Hecht Baldauff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Bright Spot ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Invasive Test ◽  
Short Children ◽  
Adults And Children

Abstract Introduction: Water deprivation testing (H2O-dep) is usually required to distinguish between diabetes insipidus (DI) and primary polydipsia (PP) in children with polydipsia-polyuria syndrome (PP-S). The H2O-dep is challenging for children and their families. The prolonged fasting may provoke hypoglycemia and dehydration, particularly in younger children. Serum concentrations of copeptin (COP) (a surrogate marker of AVP, which is easier to measure by a robust assay), are known to increase in adults and children undergoing IV arginine (ARG) stimulation testing (ASTT). Objective: To test the hypothesis that COP levels during ASTT would differentiate between DI and PP. Methods: Serum COP responses to ARG were measured in 13 healthy short children being tested for GH deficiency (controls); and in 4 patients with PP-S. Arginine-HCl (500 mg/Kg) was infused IV from 0 to 30 min, with blood sampling at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 min; seven of 13 controls also received clonidine PO (150 mcg/m2) at 0 min. COP was measured with a 2-site immunometric assay (BRAHMS Platform, Quest Diagnostics). Results: A-Controls. As the COP values at each time point were similar in the ARG and ARG-Clonidine controls, the data from both groups were combined. COP peaked at 45-60 min post ARG in the 13 controls. COP (Mean+SD; pMol/l)) increased from 9.7+4.3, (range 3-17) to a peak of 12.4+5.0 (range 6-21) at 60 min; Δ% increase 47+50 % (range 0-133). The peak COP values on ASTT showed no correlation with subjects’ age or peak GH response. Results B: Subjects with PP-S: On the basis of H2O-dep, MRI findings, and long-term response to desmopressin therapy, 3 of 4 children were diagnosed with central DI, and 1 with PP. Abbreviations: S[Osm], U[Osm]= serum, urine osmolality (mOsm/Kg); values obtained at the end of the H2O Dep: Subject 1. 3 y-old male, diagnosed with PP. After H2O-dep S[Osm] / U[Osm] 286 / 615. On ASTT COP (base vs. peak) 15 vs.116 pMol/l. Subject 2. 8 y-old male, diagnosed with central DI with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). MRI: absent bright spot. After H2O-dep S[Osm] / U[Osm] 318/202; On ASTT COP (base vs. peak) 2 vs. 2 pMol/l. Subject 3. 2 y-old male. diagnosed with central DI, possible LCH; MRI: absent bright spot. No H2O-dep; On ASTT COP (base vs. peak) 3 vs 3 pMol/l. Subject 4. Male, 3 y-old. Diagnosed with partial DI with LCH. MRI: absent bright spot. After H2O-dep S[Osm] / U[Osm] 297/569. On ASTT COP (base vs. peak) 5 vs. 6 pMol/l. Comment: In all DI patients, COP concentrations remained flat in the ASTT, at 2-3 pmol/L in 2 subjects with complete DI, and 5-6 pmol/L in 1 subject with partial DI. The latter response overlapped with that of 1 of 13 control subjects. Conclusions: These preliminary data support the hypothesis that ASTT is an easy, minimally invasive test, valuable for differentiating the etiology of PP-S in children. However, patients with partial DI may have low-normal COP responses at ASTT that overlap with values in normal children.

Intracranial pathologies associated with central diabetes insipidus in infants

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Kasim ◽  
Bindiya Bagga ◽  
Alicia Diaz-Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Central Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Intracranial Injury ◽  
Included Patient

Abstract Background Idiopathic central diabetes insipidus (CDI) has been associated with intracranial pathologies that do not involve the structural pituitary gland or hypothalamus. The objective was to study the association between non-structural hypothalamic/pituitary intracranial pathologies (NSHPIP) with CDI and to review etiologies that may be contributory to the development of CDI. Methods A retrospective query of our intra-institutional database from 2006 to 2015. Children admitted diagnosed with diabetes insipidus (DI) (ICD-9 253.5) between the ages of 0–1 year were included. Patient charts were reviewed to include those who have a documented diagnosis of CDI, hypernatremia (>145 mmol/L), high serum osmolality (>300 mOsm/kg), low urine osmolality (<300 mOsm/kg), and brain imaging reports. Diagnoses of nephrogenic DI were excluded. Results Twenty-three infant patients were diagnosed with CDI. Eleven subjects (48%) had NSHPIP. Of those, 18% had cerebral infarction, 27% had intracranial injury and hemorrhage due to traumatic brain injury, 18% had isolated intraventricular hemorrhage, and 27% had meningitis. Hospital prevalence for NSHPIP, age 0–1 year, ranged from 0.05% to 0.3%. Conclusions Rates of NSHPIP in those with CDI are higher than expected hospital rates (p<0.001), suggesting a possible association between CDI and NSHPIP.

Mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix – case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Janczak ◽  
Mateusz Szponder ◽  
Dawid Janczak ◽  
Michał Leśniak ◽  
Agnieszka Ziomek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Benign Tumor ◽  
Mucinous Cystadenoma ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Long Term Prognosis

Tumors of the appendix are extremely rare and constitute about 0.4% of all tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The most common benign neoplasm is mucinous cystadenoma, which can be found in 0.6% of all excised appendices and it rarely produces any symptoms. We present the case of a female patient who underwent surgery in the Department of Surgery due to suspicion of an appendicular abscess. On the postoperative pathology study, the diagnosis of a tumor of the appendix (mucinous cystadenoma) was made. Mucinous cystadenoma is rarely included in the differential diagnosis of a non-specific abdominal pain accompanied by non-characteristic laboratory test results and imaging studies. There are no unequivocal guidelines and algorithms of managing this disease. Long-term prognosis is good in the case of a benign tumor.

scholarly journals A Two-to-Five Year Follow-Up of a Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Gromark ◽  
Eva Hesselmark ◽  
Ida Gebel Djupedal ◽  
Maria Silverberg ◽  
AnnaCarin Horne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
General Function ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
Progressive Course

AbstractLittle is known about the long-term prognosis of children with pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS). Out of the 46 eligible patients from the Karolinska PANS cohort, 34 consented to participate in a follow-up (median 3.3 years). Participants underwent a thorough clinical evaluation and were classified according to their clinical course. Resulting groups were compared on clinical characteristics and laboratory test results. We observed significant reductions in clinician-rated PANS symptom severity and improved general function. Two patients were classified as remitted, 20 as relapsing–remitting, and 12 as having a chronic-static/progressive course. The latter group had an earlier onset, greater impairment and received more pharmacological and psychological treatments. Although remission was rare, the majority of children with PANS were significantly improved over the follow-up period but a non-negligible minority of patients displayed a chronic-static/progressive course and required additional treatments. The proposed definitions of flare and clinical course may be useful in future clinical trials.

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