A Secure Blockchain-Powered Land Record Modernization System for Documenting Land User's Rights

Proving ownership of the land should preferably be done with a legal document that proves it decisively. Many authorities retain various documents, any of which could be used to assert a claim on the land. To prevent document falsification, the land administration mechanism ought to be robust, accessible at all times, and quick to accomplish exercises. But, any such solutions are prone to a slew of issues, including data accuracy, security, and dispute resolution. Usage of blockchain technology in land administration is considerably advanced to solve issues that plague current LAS. With the adoption of blockchain, the problem of cooperation among a variety of land records is articulated. The proposed model has integrated units to digitally sign the land assets to store securely into the blockchain using cryptography algorithms after which land assets are verified. The proposed approach eliminates deception, improves administration. The results show that the time complexity for registering, signing, and verifying land facts to establish a system using blockchain is relatively secure.

Assessing data accuracy in a large multi-institutional quality improvement registry: an update from the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium (PC4)

Background: The Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium (PC4) is a multi-institutional quality improvement registry focused on the care delivered in the cardiac ICU for patients with CHD and acquired heart disease. To assess data quality, a rigorous procedure of data auditing has been in place since the inception of the consortium. Materials and methods: This report describes the data auditing process and quantifies the audit results for the initial 39 audits that took place after the transition from version one to version two of the registry’s database. Results: In total, 2219 total encounters were audited for an average of 57 encounters per site. The overall data accuracy rate across all sites was 99.4%, with a major discrepancy rate of 0.52%. A passing score is based on an overall accuracy of >97% (achieved by all sites) and a major discrepancy rate of <1.5% (achieved by 38 of 39 sites, with 35 of 39 sites having a major discrepancy rate of <1%). Fields with the highest discrepancy rates included arrhythmia type, cardiac arrest count, and current surgical status. Conclusions: The extensive PC4 auditing process, including initial and routinely scheduled follow-up audits of every participating site, demonstrates an extremely high level of accuracy across a broad array of audited fields and supports the continued use of consortium data to identify best practices in paediatric cardiac critical care.

CHARACTER EDUCATION MANAGEMENT: ANALYSIS OF CHARACTER-BUILDING AT SMK MUHAMMADIYAH KAJEN

This study aims to determine the implementation of Islamic education management at SMK Muhammadiyah Kajen. In this case, the researcher used a qualitative method with a phenomenology approach, collecting data through observation, interviews, and documents. In addition, to maintain data accuracy, researchers used data triangulation methods. While the research informants were the principal, teachers, and parents of students. The results of this study indicate that SMK Muhammadiyah Kajen implements: 1) Semangat Subuh, this culture is done to train students to obey congregational prayers and wake up in the morning; 2) Memorizing juz Amma, to get students used to always reading al-Qur'an every day; 3) Pesantren Ramadhan, namely Islamic activities about fikih, akidah akhlak, and sirah nabawiyah. In addition to strengthening student character, Islamic boarding schools are friendly and can also instill a culture of student literacy.Keywords: Character, Islamic Education, Islamic Literacy

Health management information system (HMIS) data quality and associated factors in Massaguet district, Chad

Background Quality data from Health Management Information Systems (HMIS) are important for tracking the effectiveness of malaria control interventions. However, HMIS data in many resource-limited settings do not currently meet standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO). We aimed to assess HMIS data quality and associated factors in Chad. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 health facilities in Massaguet district. Data on children under 15 years were obtained from the HMIS and from the external patient register covering the period January–December 2018. An additional questionnaire was administered to 16 health centre managers to collect data on contextual variables. Patient registry data were aggregated and compared with the HMIS database at district and health centre level. Completeness and accuracy indicators were calculated as per WHO guidelines. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed on the Verification Factor for attendance, suspected and confirmed malaria cases for three age groups (1 to < 12 months, 1 to < 5 years and 5 to < 15 years) to identify associations between health centre characteristics and data accuracy. Results Health centres achieved a high level of data completeness in HMIS. Malaria data were over-reported in HMIS for children aged under 15 years. There was an association between workload and higher odds of inaccuracy in reporting of attendance among children aged 1 to < 5 years (Odds ratio [OR]: 10.57, 95% CI 2.32–48.19) and 5– < 15 years (OR: 6.64, 95% CI 1.38–32.04). Similar association was found between workload and stock-outs in register books, and inaccuracy in reporting of malaria confirmed cases. Meanwhile, we found that presence of a health technician, and of dedicated staff for data management, were associated with lower inaccuracy in reporting of clinic attendance in children aged under five years. Conclusion Data completeness was high while the accuracy was low. Factors associated with data inaccuracy included high workload and the unavailability of required data collection tools. The results suggest that improvement in working conditions for clinic personnel may improve HMIS data quality. Upgrading from paper-based forms to a web-based HMIS may provide a solution for improving data accuracy and its utility for future evaluations of health interventions. Results from this study can inform the Ministry of Health and it partners on the precautions to be taken in the use of HMIS data and inform initiatives for improving its quality.

What Is Women’s Work? Reflections from Four North Indian Urban Clusters

The actual extent of the female employment challenge in India is much debated. Data on female labour force participation (FLFP) in India is hampered by shortcomings in data validity and data accuracy. The objective of this article is to explore challenges to data accuracy through two potential sources of error: measurement error and reporting error. Drawing on a unique source of granular survey data from households in four north Indian urban clusters, we demonstrate that the precise nature of the survey employed has meaningful impacts on the reporting of FLFP. Furthermore, the gender composition of respondents also seems to matter although, after controlling for gender, self-reporting is indistinguishable from proxy reporting.

Data accuracy in capture fisheries production at Cilacap Ocean Fishing Port

Accurate capture fishery production data at the fishing ports is crucial, especially for planning the development of capture fisheries and fishing ports. This research aims to analyze the mechanism and accuracy in collecting capture fishery data at the fishing port, especially Cilacap Ocean Fishing Port (OFP). The data collection mechanism of capture fishery production is analyzed through a qualitative descriptive method, while the accuracy of the data was analyzed with a comparative quantitative descriptive method. The results showed three steps in the data collection mechanism at Cilacap OFP: data collection, data recapitulation, and data reporting. The values of deviation and accuracy level of the data on capture fishery were 3,4%-62,1% and 37,9%-96,6%, respectively. This result concluded that the data recorded by the enumerator were more accurate than those in the logbook classified as inaccurate.Keywords:CilacapDataFishAccurateFishing Port

Use of Drones for Digitization and Monitoring the Built Cultural Heritage: Indoor and Outdoor

Digitizing is the way for a revolutionary approach in knowing, analyzing, continuous monitoring, and preserving the tangible immovable cultural heritage. The built cultural heritage requires the most performant means and techniques to acquire information indoor and outdoor. Drones are the best platforms for this purpose in terms of operating costs, data accuracy, and mission planning flexibility. In this chapter, we present a survey on the main applications of drones in the field of built cultural heritage analyzing the usability of this technology. Essential technical issues that are important for the operation and understanding of the use of drones in specific missions for the study of built heritage are also discussed.

Differentially Private Web Browsing Trajectory over Infinite Streams

Nowadays, a lot of data mining applications, such as web traffic analysis and content popularity prediction, leverage users’ web browsing trajectories to improve their performance. However, the disclosure of web browsing trajectory is the most prominent issue. A novel privacy model, named Differential Privacy, is used to rigorously protect user’s privacy. Some works have applied this privacy model to spatial-temporal streams. However, these works either protect the users’ activities in different places separately or protect their activities in all places jointly. The former one cannot protect trajectories that traverse multiple places; while the latter ignores the differences among places and suffers the degradation of data utility (i.e., data accuracy). In this paper, we propose a w , n -differential privacy to protect any spatial-temporal sequence occurring in w successive timestamps and n -range places. To achieve better data utility, we propose two implementation algorithms, named Spatial-Temporal Budget Distribution (STBD) and Spatial-Temporal RescueDP (STR). Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that these two algorithms can achieve a balance between data utility and trajectory privacy guarantee.