Outcome-based Education: An Outline

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Curriculum Assessment ◽  
Outcome Based Education ◽  
Cognitive Levels ◽  
Course Outcomes ◽  
Bloom Taxonomy

Things we can do because of learning are called outcomes of learning. Outcome based education (OBE) was propounded by William Spady in the 90s to bring the focus of formal education to what the students learn rather than what they were taught. OBE is a system of education giving priority to ends, purpose, accomplishments, and results. All decisions about the curriculum, assessment, and instruction are driven by the exit learning outcomes the students should display at the end of a program or a course. This paper presents a method of writing outcomes for General higher education programs. Outcomes for a higher education program are defined at three levels as program outcomes (POs), program specific outcomes (PSOs), and course outcomes (COs). The most important aspect of an outcome is that it should be observable and measurable. These are best written in a well-defined framework of taxonomy of learning. Bloom’s taxonomy of learning identifies three domains of learning: Cognitive, affective and psychomotor. Revised Bloom taxonomy of cognitive domain has two dimensions cognitive levels and knowledge categories. It is proposed that CO statements be written within a well-defined structure: Action, knowledge elements, conditions, and criteria. Tagging COs with POs, PSOs, cognitive levels and the number of classroom hours associated facilitates the computation of attainment of COs, POs, and PSOs.

A Comparative Study of Existing Mechanisms for Implementation of OBE in Various Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 198-210
Author(s):  
Sanjiv Sharma ◽  
Pratistha Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Outcome Based Education ◽  
Student Expectation ◽  
Student Centred Learning ◽  
Course Outcomes ◽  
Self Learning

Outcome-based education (OBE) provides effective ways for enhancing the employability of students enrolled in any program using attainment of predetermined outcomes. Literature survey reveals that OBE-based approaches to education adopt various methods for assessing direct and indirect course outcomes designed for achieving intended program outcomes, program educational objectives, mission and vision of institute. This chapter disseminates knowledge scientifically observed as analytical ways to efficient implementation of outcome-based education in various countries and compare the same for identification of effectiveness. The goals of OBE are achievement of similarities between student expectation and knowledge received through course items delivery of a teacher based on student-centred learning model, comparison of attainment of outcomes at institute and individual level, involvement of students for self-learning.

scholarly journals A Novel Fuzzy Based Assessment Method for Learning Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1665-1669
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Outcome Based Education ◽  
Assessment Activity ◽  
Class Room ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Course Outcomes ◽  
And Behavior

Outcome based education (OBE) is a recent development in student-centered teaching-learning model that emphases on measuring student performance through outcomes. Outcomes include knowledge, skills and attitudes suggested in Blooms taxonomy. The OBE approach encourages students to become active learners because it focusses on student attainment in comparison to teacher-centered learning approach. The level of the attainment of Course Outcomes (COs) is the indicator of the skill, knowledge and behavior that students acquired at the end of the course. In Outcome Based Education every activity performed in the class room is linked with the measurable course outcomes. In this paper, we present an effective fuzzy based approach to assess the attainment of outcomes by mapping every assessment activity performed in the class room with the Course Outcomes (CO) and eventually to Program Outcomes (PO). The attainments of outcomes by the students are also expressed as fuzzy memberships which can also be represented graphically. The entire work is based on the OBE implementation case study of Marian College Kuttikkanam, (MCK)

Course and Program Outcomes Assessment Methods in Outcome-Based Education: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Premalatha
Keyword(s):  
Outcomes Assessment ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Detailed Survey ◽  
Outcome Based Education ◽  
Course Outcomes

In Outcome-Based Education (OBE), the assessment of the Course Outcomes (COs) is the most prominent aspect required to improve the quality of education. The COs for each course are based on the Program Outcomes (POs), Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs), and other requirements. There are various understandings toward the concept of OBE that resulted in various attainment to PO based on the CO. This article describes the framework of OBE and detailed survey on CO-PO mapping and its attainment models. This article serves as guidelines of writing COs, and mapping CO and PO and its attainment.

scholarly journals Implementasi Pendidikan Berasaskan Hasil (PBH) melalui Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek (PBPj) untuk Menilai Pencapaian Domain Kognitif Berdasarkan Topik Ekosistem Terancam

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitce Isa Medina Machmudi Isa ◽  
Mai Shihah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Outcome Based Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

The education system in Malaysia is in the process creating a paradigm shift from implementing an external evaluation to School Based Assessment (SBA). The Malaysia Education Blueprint 2015-2025 (Higher Education) or the MEB (HE) (Ministry of Higher Education, 2015) is formulated based on the vision and aspiration of Malaysia Education Development Plan (2013-2015) and National Higher Education Strategic Plan (Pelan Strategik Pengajian Tinggi Negara (PSPTN)) in educating students who are knowledgeable, skilled and talented to face the challenges of the 21st century. Shift 1 of the blueprint aims to foster graduates who are holistic, balanced and entrepreneurial in line with the National Education Philosophy. This footstep is closely applied by the Ministry of Education to develop the holistic student profile in the schools. A new evaluation combines the three domains of cognitive, affective and psychomotor instead of focusing on the cognitive domain (DC) those are taken into account in determining student's achievement. This study was conducted to identify the impact on assessment using Outcome Based Education (OBE) through the application of project-based learning (PjBL) by comparing it with the current academic achievement ranking using DC only. All domains involved were represented by academic (cognitive domain), social skills (affective domain) and manipulative skills (psychomotor domain). This study also take into account to determine the impact of students’ assessment in the cognitive domain using Outcome-based Education (OBE) through the application of Project-based Learning (PjBL) compared to Traditional Learning (TL) in the topic of ‘Threatened Ecosystem.’ This study is a quantitative research using quasi-experimental design. A total of 30 Form 4 science stream students were selected using purposive sampling. This study demonstrated that there is no significant difference between the traditional learning (TL) and project-based learning (PJBL) to evaluate students’ cognitive domain. Assessment outlined in the Outcome-based Education is a good evaluation method to be applied to the secondary Based on these findings it is proposed evaluation in OBE through PjBL method is of a better assessment tool to be applied to secondary school, preferably the science stream students. This enables them to be evaluated in a more holistic manner which is in line with the full implementation of PBS in the near future. Subsequently, students’ achievement in affective and psychomotor domains should be carried out to oversee the effect onto the holistic evaluation as outlined in OBE.

scholarly journals Content Analysis of Sociology Textbooks Using Bloom's Taxonomy in SMAN 1 Featured Indralaya Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Fitri Fitri ◽  
Alfitri Alfitri
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
School Level ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Bloom Taxonomy ◽  
Geography Textbook

This study aims to discuss the contents of textbooks on sociology subjects at the high school level. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews and literature. The data analysis technique used is content analysis, namely the researcher reads and develops the sociology textbooks written by Srikandi four. The results of the study showed that the contents of the sociology textbooks written by Srikandi four were more dominant in the cognitive domain (knowledge). Keywords: Text Textbooks, Sociology, Bloom Taxonomy Referensi: Agustina, Eka Sofia. 2011. Materi Ajar BTBI. Lampung: Universitas Lampung. Arikunto, Suharsimi. 2009. Dasar-dasar Evaluasi Pendidikan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Anjarsari, Eka. 2012. Penilaian Kualitas Buku Teks Pelajaran Geografi Sebagai SumberBelajar Bagi Siswa Sma Kelas Xi Di Kabupaten Temanggung. Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Semarang. Banowati, Eva. 2007. Buku Teks Dalam Pembelajaran Geografi di Kota Semarang‟. Dalam Jurnal Geografi. Vol. 4. No. 2. Hal. 147-158. http:// journal. unnes. ac.id/ index.php/JG/article/view/106/108 diunduh pada 18 April 2019. Jitendra, Nolet, Xin, Gomez, Renouf, Iskold, &DaCosta (2001) An Analysis Of Middle School Geography Textbooks: Implication For Students With Learning Problem. Lee, J., & Catling, S.2016. Some perceptions and practices of English geography textbook authors. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 25,5067. Ngalim, Purwanto. 2000. Ilmu Pendidikan Teoretis dan Praktis. Bandung: P1 Remadja Karya. Shamir, A., Zion, M., Levi. 2008. Peer Tutoring, Metacognitive Processes and Multimedia Problem-based Learning: The Effect of Mediation Trainingon Critical Thinking. Journal Science Education Technology. 17:384– 398. Tarigan, HG dan Diago Tarigan. 1990. Telaah Buku Teks Bahasa Indonesia. Bandung. Angkasa. Walkington, H., Dyer, S., Solem, M., Haigh, M.,&Waddington. 2017. A capabilities approach to higher education: geo capabilities and implications for geography curricula. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, DOI:10.1080/03098265.2017.1379060.

scholarly journals Experiences of Teaching Computer Network Course through Lesson Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S4) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Keyword(s):  
Computer Network ◽  
Accreditation Body ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
National Board ◽  
Exit Survey ◽  
Outcome Based Education ◽  
Review Team ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Course Outcomes

National Board of Accreditation (Abbreviated as NBA) is an official and independent accreditation body of India. Many engineering colleges must adhere to the quality requirements as per the NBA guidelines. Every engineering institute must prepare a Self-Assessment Report (SAR) and submit it to a peer review team for getting NBA Accreditation. In recent years NBA has changed input-output based traditional education system to Outcome-Based Education (OBE). OutcomeBased Education is an approach where each course can have atleast N number of outcomes that students will learn at the end of the semester for a particular course. Later on, these course outcomes can be mapped with Program Outcomes (PO) and Program Educational Objectives (PEO). According to the NBA, CO's are the most granular level of objects that can be defined over a particular course. The problem with particular CO is that they are much generalized and can be mapped to 2-3 chapters of the same course. It becomes very difficult to assess student based on a particular CO. The solution is provided in this paper by dividing CO's in further lesson Outcomes (LO) for effective teaching-learning. The paper also takes a real case study of course – Computer Networks which is an undergraduate course of Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering (MPSTME, Affiliated to NMIMS University). After defining LO's of the said course, the paper shows different Course Exit Survey Records in a graphical manner for better understanding. The methodology defined by author outperforms the current existing method defining CO's

No Significant Difference in Service Learninng Online

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Y. McGorry
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Online Delivery ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
Business Programs ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Significant Difference

Institutions of higher education are realizing the importance of service learning initiatives in developing awareness of students’ civic responsibilities, leadership and management skills, and social responsibility. These skills and responsibilities are the foundation of program outcomes in accredited higher education business programs at undergraduate and graduate levels. In an attempt to meet the needs of the student market, these institutions of higher education are delivering more courses online. This study addresses a comparison of traditional and online delivery of service learning experiences. Results demonstrate no significant difference in outcomes between the online and face-to-face models.

scholarly journals Data on Orientation to Happiness in Higher Education Institutions from Mexico and El Salvador

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Domingo Villavicencio-Aguilar ◽  
Edgardo René Chacón-Andrade ◽  
Maria Fernanda Durón-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T

Happiness-oriented people are vital in every society; this is a construct formed by three different types of happiness: pleasure, meaning, and engagement, and it is considered as an indicator of mental health. This study aims to provide data on the levels of orientation to happiness in higher-education teachers and students. The present paper contains data about the perception of this positive aspect in two Latin American countries, Mexico and El Salvador. Structure instruments to measure the orientation to happiness were administrated to 397 teachers and 260 students. This data descriptor presents descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation), internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), and differences (Student’s t-test) presented by country, population (teacher/student), and gender of their orientation to happiness and its three dimensions: meaning, pleasure, and engagement. Stepwise-multiple-regression-analysis results are also presented. Results indicated that participants from both countries reported medium–high levels of meaning and engagement happiness; teachers reported higher levels than those of students in these two dimensions. Happiness resulting from pleasure activities was the least reported in general. Males and females presented very similar levels of orientation to happiness. Only the population (teacher/student) showed a predictive relationship with orientation to happiness; however, the model explained a small portion of variance in this variable, which indicated that other factors are more critical when promoting orientation to happiness in higher-education institutions.

ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ РОЗВИТКУ ЦИФРОВОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ФАХІВЦІВ З НЕФОРМАЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ ПРИ ПЕРЕХОДІ В ОНЛАЙН-ФОРМАТ

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Зоя Гаркавенко
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Review Journal ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Digital Competence ◽  
Information Technology Education

У статті презентовані результати емпіричного вивчення проблеми адаптації професійної освіти до онлайн-режиму в ситуації вимушеного карантину. Мета дослідження полягала в створенні моделі компетенцій викладача / тренера для забезпечення освітньої діяльності онлайн. Обставини гостро актуалізували нагальну потребу забезпечення безперервності освітньої діяльності в нових умовах, показали реальний стан психологічної готовності фахівців освітянської галузі до діяльності в умовах невизначеності. Ключовими ознаками цього стану можна вважати певну фахову та психологічну дезорієнтацію, яка поставила під загрозу якість і сталість результатів освітньої діяльності. Фахівці формальної й неформальної освіти були змушені швидко адаптуватися до нових умов, в основі яких – цифрова трансформація. Фокус уваги нашого дослідження зосереджено на фахівцях, які працюють у сфері післядипломної освіти. Важливим аспектом досліджуваного питання є певна плутанина щодо сутності онлайн-навчання. Це стосується різнотлумачення у середовищі фахівців поняття «дистанційне навчання», зокрема розрізнення синхронного (в режимі реального часу) і асинхронного (у відкладеному часі) режимів освітнього процесу. Принципові відмінності у підходах до методів та психологічних технологій їх застосування вимагають особливої підготовки відповідних фахівців. Результати презентованого дослідження розкривають ряд психологічних труднощів, з якими зіткнулись фахівці післядипломної освіти в ситуації необхідності переведення діяльності в онлайн-режим. В першу чергу, це навчальна діяльність із питань підвищення кваліфікації, проведення навчальних курсів для дорослої аудиторії. Важливим завданням для викладачів / тренерів постало збереження сутнісних ознак і результатів такого навчання: інформація, інструментарій і досвід, які наявні в офлайн-режимі навчання. Основним результатом дослідження можна вважати визначення ключових напрямів психологічної підготовки фахівців до роботи в онлайн: психологічна готовність до управління груповою динамікою та обмеженими комунікаційними інструментами, цифрова компетентність – володіння специфічними цифровими навичками (платформи, програми, окремі інструменти роботи в онлайн), методична компетентність – здатність добирати та поєднувати прийоми й техніки роботи з інформацією, адаптовані до онлайн-середовища. Література Василенко, О.В. (2014). Розвиток системи неформальної освіти дорослих в умовах соціально-економічної кризи. Актуальні проблеми професійної орієнтації та професійного навчання в умовах соціально-економічної нестабільності, 2(2), 138– Ващенко, Л.І. (2019). Підготовка фахівців для роботи з дорослими у сфері неформальної освіти. Імідж сучасного педагога, 4(187), 24– Корбут, О.Г. (2017). Дистанційне навчання: моделі, технології, перспективи. Режим доступу: http://confesp. fl. kpi. ua/ru/node/1123. Плинокос, Д.Д., & Коваленко, М.О. (2016). Неформальна освіта: теоретичні аспекти і наукові підходи. Наукові праці Кіровоградського національного технічного університету. Економічні науки, 29, 53–60. Сисоєва, С.О., & Осадча, К.П. (2019). Стан, технології та перспективи дистанційного навчання у вищій освіті України. Інформаційні технології і засоби навчання: електронне наукове фахове видання, 70(2), 271– Harasim, L. (2000). Shift happens: Online education as a new paradigm in learning. The Internet and higher education, 3(1-2), 41– Iordache, C., Mariën, I., & Baelden, D. (2017). Developing digital skills and competences: A quick-scan analysis of 13 digital literacy models. Italian Journal of Sociology of Education, 9(1), 6– Kebritchi, M., Lipschuetz, A., & Santiague, L. (2017). Issues and challenges for teaching successful online courses in higher education: A literature review. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 46(1), 4– Latchem, C. (2014). Informal learning and non-formal education for development. Journal of Learning for Development, 1(1). Sun, A., & Chen, X. (2016). Online education and its effective practice: A research review. Journal of Information Technology Education, 15, 157– Lischewski, J., Seeber, S., Wuttke, E., & Rosemann, T. (2020). What influences participation in non-formal and informal modes of Continuous Vocational Education and Training? An analysis of individual and institutional influencing factors. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 2821. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.534485 Rodríguez, M.U., Cantabrana, J.L.L., & Cervera, M.G. (2020). Validation of a tool for self-evaluating teacher digital competence. Educación XX1, 24(1), 353–373. doi: 10.5944/educXX1.27080 Perez-Lopez, E., Atochero, A.V., & Rivero, S.C. (2020). Distance Education in COVID-19: An Analysis from the perspective of university students. Ried-revista iberoamericana de educacion a distancia, 24(1), 331–350. doi: 10.5944/ried.24.1.27855

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