Climate-smart Agriculture, Productivity and Food Security in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Finance ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Scaling Out

This article evaluates the importance of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) in promoting sustainable agricultural development and ensuring food security and mitigating the negative impacts of climatic changes on agricultural productivity in India. A range of CSA technologies, practices and services have been initiated in climate-smart villages as adaptation strategies for coping with climate risks to ensure stability and sustainability in agricultural production. The farmers using CSA adaptation strategies were found to have achieved higher output, yield and return compared to those who did not. There are exciting opportunities for scaling out and immense potentials of these strategies for enhancing crop yields and farm incomes and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Strengthening agricultural extension service and agricultural finance to achieve smart farming practices/technologies by linking climate finance to traditional agricultural finance could play a significant role in scaling out the CSA practices and technologies to make agriculture more sustainable and climate-resilient and a viable source of livelihood and food security for millions of farmers in the country. Zero budget natural farming as a climate-resilient farming system can enhance food and nutritional security, enabling farmers to improve soil fertility and yields through lower costs, risk and irrigation requirements, thus protecting the ecosystem by improving soil organic matter, water retention and biodiversity and reducing air and water pollution as well as greenhouse gas emissions.

scholarly journals Impacts of intensifying or expanding cereal cropping in sub‐Saharan Africa on greenhouse gas emissions and food security

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 3720-3730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marloes P. Loon ◽  
Renske Hijbeek ◽  
Hein F. M. Berge ◽  
Veronique De Sy ◽  
Guus A. Broeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Sub Saharan

Food, Agriculture & the Environment: Can We Feed the World & Save the Earth?

Daedalus ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tilman ◽  
Michael Clark
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Nutritious Food

Secure and nutritious food supplies are the foundation of human health and development, and of stable societies. Yet food production also poses significant threats to the environment through greenhouse gas emissions, pollution from fertilizers and pesticides, and the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services from the conversion of vast amounts of natural ecosystems into croplands and pastures. Global agricultural production is on a trajectory to double by 2050 because of both increases in the global population and the dietary changes associated with growing incomes. Here we examine the environmental problems that would result from these dietary shifts toward greater meat and calorie consumption and from the increase in agricultural production needed to provide this food. Several solutions, all of which are possible with current knowledge and technology, could substantially reduce agriculture's environmental impacts on greenhouse gas emissions, land clearing, and threats to biodiversity. In particular, the adoption of healthier diets and investment in increasing crop yields in developing nations would greatly reduce the environmental impacts of agriculture, lead to greater global health, and provide a path toward a secure and nutritious food supply for developing nations.

scholarly journals Climate smart agriculture opportunities for mitigating soil greenhouse gas emissions across the U.S. Corn-Belt

2020 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 122240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel McNunn ◽  
Douglas L. Karlen ◽  
William Salas ◽  
Charles W. Rice ◽  
Steffen Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Corn Belt ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
The U.S

INFLUENCE OF FARMING SYSTEM ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS WITHIN CEREAL CULTIVATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Moudry ◽  
Jaroslav Bernas ◽  
Marek Kopecky ◽  
Petr Konvalina ◽  
Daniel Bucur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Cereal Cultivation

Life cycle assessment in conventional rice farming system: Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions using cradle-to-gate approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 1526-1535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hariz Abdul Rahman ◽  
Sau Soon Chen ◽  
Putri Razreena Abdul Razak ◽  
Nurul Ain Abu Bakar ◽  
Mohammad Shahid Shahrun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Cradle To Gate

scholarly journals Conservation Agriculture: An Agroecological Approach to Adapting and Mitigating Climate Change Impacts on Malawi’s Agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Adewale M. Ogunmodede
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation

Although Africa’s contribution to the world’s greenhouse gas emission is the smallest compared to other continents, yet they tend to be affected most by the variability in Climate. Malawi is not an exception to this climate change, as they are not just faced with rising temperatures and variable rainfall patterns, but with reoccurring droughts and severe flooding. Agriculture has been noted to contribute significantly to not only climate change but also has significant impacts on global warming through its greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, not all farming systems impact negatively on climate change. Conservation Agriculture is a farming system that encourages no or minimum soil disturbance, maintenance of a permanent soil cover, and diversification of crop species. These three interlinked principles combined with good agricultural practices promote biodiversity and normal biotic processes, both on and under the ground surface, thereby increasing the productivity and nutrient use efficiency of water, into a more resilient farming system which will help sustain and improve agricultural production. This review looks at Conservation Agriculture practices in the Machinga Agricultural Development Division of Malawi and its role in climate change mitigation and adaptation. This paper shows that Conservation Agriculture has played an active role in the adaptation and mitigation of climate change effect by reducing atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions but suggested there is a need for the government to formulate a CA framework that is founded on the three interlinked principles and not just based on soil and water conservation principles which are currently being advocated and practised.

scholarly journals Climate Change

2020 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Stefanos Nastis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Future Projections ◽  
Soil And Water

The global temperature rise, of approximately 0.9 degrees Celsius since the late 19th century, due mostly to greenhouse gas emissions, and its future projections of further climate alterations, is commonly known as climate change. Preventing climate change is a key priority of the EU, as well as of other nations. Europe has set specific targets on reducing greenhouse gas emissions in most sectors, including agriculture, and is monitoring Member-States’ progress towards these targets. Precision agriculture, through improved fertilizer, soil and water management can significantly reduce climate change greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining, or even increasing, crop yields and reducing production costs, ensuring sustainability of agricultural systems.

Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from global croplands under a changing climate and increasing food demand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Smerald ◽  
David Kraus ◽  
Kathrin Fuchs ◽  
Edwin Haas ◽  
Klaus Butterbach-Bahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Food Demand ◽  
Atmospheric Measurements ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Total N ◽  
Changing Climate

<div><span>Agricultural nitrogen (N) inputs have grown massively over the last century, driving increases in crop yields, but also resulting in increased greenhouse-gas emissions and nutrient overloading of ecosystems. Of particular note is the increase in emissions of N<sub>2</sub></span><span>O, a greenhouse gas with 300 times the warming potential of CO<sub>2</sub></span><span>.  While the total global yearly N<sub>2</sub></span><span>O emissions can be easily deduced from atmospheric measurements, much less is known about the contribution of different cropping systems, and how increasing food demand will affect these emissions in the future. This knowledge is important for developing well-targeted mitigation strategies that reduce N<sub>2</sub></span><span>O emissions while increasing crop production. In order to help resolve this issue, we have simulated global croplands, one of the main beneficiaries of increased N inputs, using a process-based model that captures both crop growth and nitrogen and carbon cycling through the soil. This allows us to quantify total N<sub>2</sub>O emissions by crop type, identify hotspots and explore how a changing climate and increasing food demand are likely to impact future emissions. The idea is that this will aid in the search for agricultural management strategies that ensure food security while reducing the climate impact.</span></div><div> </div>

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