Defending Farmers’ Seed Freedom

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-220
Author(s):  
Vandana Shiva
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Multinational Corporation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Seed Industry ◽  
The Us

This article is an eco-feminist approach to understanding sustainability and social change, and engages with issues such as why the homogenization of crop production is dangerous, why it is the multinational corporation seed industry that needs regulations and not the small farmers and how colonization is taking place through seed patents. It also documents the Navdanya movement for the protection of biological and cultural diversity, raises concerns about the ecological and health impacts of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), addresses the issue of farmers’ suicide in India after the introduction of Bt cotton in the country, addresses the ongoing fight against the US seed giant Monsanto for the illegal and unauthorized manner in which GMO has been introduced in India, and highlights farmers’ rights vis-à-vis the seed.

Detection and Identification of Transgenic Elements by Fluorescent-PCR-Based Capillary Gel Electrophoresis in Genetically Modified Cotton and Soybean

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Basak ◽  
Nasreen Z Ehtesham ◽  
Boindala Sesikeran ◽  
Sudip Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Regulatory Requirement ◽  
Sequencing Platform ◽  
Capillary Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay

Abstract A detection method for genetically modified foods is an essential regulatory requirement for many countries. The present study is aimed at developing a qualitative method for detection of genetically modified organisms by combining PCR methodology with capillary gel electrophoresis (PCR-CGE) in a sequencing platform to detect Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-cotton (MON 531)and Roundup Ready (RR) soybean (GTS 40-3-2). A sensitive duplex PCR-CGE method was developed in which target DNA sequences (35S and Nos) were separated both by size and color to detect 0.01% Cry1Ac DNA (w/w) in Bt-cotton. A multiplex PCR-CGE method was developed to simultaneously detect fourtargets such as Sad1, Cry1Ac, 35S, and Nos in Bt-cotton. Four novel PCR primers were designed to customize amplicon size for multiplexing for better visualizationof multiple peaks. The LOD for Cry1Ac DNA specific PCR was 0.01% for Bt-cotton. The LOD for multiplex PCR assay was 0.05% for Bt-cotton. A singleplex PCR-CGE method was developed to detect Lec, 35S and Nos in a trace sample of RR soybean grainpowder (0.1%, w/w). This study demonstrates aPCR-CGE-based method for the qualitative detection of35S, Nos and Cry1Ac targets associated with genetically modifiedproducts.

scholarly journals THE EUROPEAN UNION, THE UNITED STATES, AND THE GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS (GMOs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Anisa ◽  
Chelsilya ◽  
Grace Yohana ◽  
Mucco Eva ◽  
Morry Zefanya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Eu

Current technological advances have been present in all aspects of human life, including technological advances in biotechnology. Biotechnology not only raises hope for science but also raises heated debates among scientists, especially between the European Union and the US. This debate arises because of differences in perspective between the EU and the US. The EU has stringent rules regarding the development efforts of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). At the same time, the US thinks that GMOs are part of agriculture, so there is no need for any special laws to regulate them. Various side effects also come hand in hand with the birth of GMOs. They are ranging from adverse effects on human health, the health of food products, and even environmental damage. The development of GMOs can damage the ecosystem of species that exist in the environment. Still, more complex problems arise due to GMOs like economic problems and monopolies.   Keywords: The  GMOs, The EU, The US.

Crop production in the future - challenges and opportunities.

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-155
Author(s):  
Dennis B. Egli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
New Crops ◽  
The Future ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Challenges

Abstract This chapter addresses some of the challenges and opportunities facing agriculture and humankind in the years ahead. It focuses on climate change, molecular biology, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), variety improvement, precision agriculture, and new crops.

scholarly journals Humanitarian relief and market interests: Genetically Modified Organisms in the United States food aid

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-41
Author(s):  
Thiago Lima ◽  
Erbenia Lourenço ◽  
Henrique Zeferino de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Congressional Hearings ◽  
The Us ◽  
United States Food ◽  
Health Conceptions

In 2002, Southern Africa was struck by a severe food crisis. Despite the hardships, some nations of this region refused food aid from the US due to the presence of Genetically Modified Organisms. They claimed that the food was unsafe for their population’s consumption. The paper addresses the main reasons for the US donation of GMOs. Based on documental analysis, congressional hearings and literature review, we argue that although the donations may have the intention of helping the emergency problems of these African and Latin American countries, the food aid also promotes US market interests, disregarding public health conceptions and economic interests of those countries.     Recebido em: setembro/2019 Aprovado em: dezembro/2019

scholarly journals Comparing international approaches to food safety regulation of GM and Novel Foods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Gm Crop ◽  
Novel Foods ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
The Eu

The global area of genetically modified (GM) crop production has considerably increased over the past two decades, with GM crops now cultivated in about 28 countries, accounting for over 10% of the world’s arable land. A 'novel food' is any food or substance that has not been used for human consumption to a significant degree within the EU before 15 May 1997. Since then, there has been over 90 novel foods authorisations approved for use by the EU. Novel foods and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are subject to a large variation in regulatory approaches around the world, for which many countries have specifically developed their own regulatory frameworks to control the placement of such products on their markets.

A Framework for Thawing Value Conflicts in the GMO Debate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Noll
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Modification ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Value Conflicts ◽  
The Public ◽  
Two Barriers

This chapter explores the ethical dimensions of one of the most contentious applications of agricultural biotechnology: the genetic modification of food products. While the development of genetically modified breeds and seeds has many advantages, the public has consistently expressed worries concerning the adoption of genetically modified organisms. The first section of this chapter uses the AquAdvantage salmon debate in the United States to highlight the most common concerns discussed in current labeling debates, from the potential for environmental harm to health impacts. This analysis illustrates how the polarization of the public debate stems from normative conflicts, rather than a lack of empirical research. Two barriers to achieving consensus concerning genetic modification are identified, before the chapter ends with the introduction of the “GMO Value Framework,” a reflexive approach designed to help cultivate fruitful value-focused discussions concerning current and future bioengineering applications.

scholarly journals Agricultural production of genetically modified products as a means of ensuring food security: European experience in legal regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vladimirovna Rednikova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
European Experience

The article deals with the issues of legal regulation of the use of genetically modified organisms in the process of agricultural production in the European Union.The solution to the problems of agricultural production intensification is primarily possible through the use of new modern intensive technologies of crop production, animal husbandry and fisheries, which are also developed on the basis of the latest achievements of the biotechnological industry. One of the directions of intensification of agricultural production is the use of genetically modified crops, which allows increasing the profitability of growing plants, ensuring their increased resistance to negative climatic conditions, pathogens of infectious diseases, etc. The possibility of using such technologies is related to the need to assess their potential risk to the environment and human health.For almost 20 years, the European Union has had a fairly developed system of regulations governing various aspects of the use of genetically modified organisms in agriculture. However, their commercial use in the European Union for various reasons (complexity of administration, negative attitude in society, etc.) has not become widespread over time, and in most member States has now been banned. Taking into account the European experience, the author concludes that it is necessary to use other methods to intensify agricultural production, and the ban on the commercial use of genetically modified organisms in food production is justified due to insufficient scientific data on their safety for human health and the environment

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document