Children's Perceptions of Their Own Malocclusions

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. E. Lindsay ◽  
J. F. W. Hodgkins
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Children's Perceptions ◽  
Children’S Perceptions ◽  
The Many ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Recognition by a parent or child of an occlusal abnormality is one of the many factors which may influence a desire for orthodontic treatment. Non-orthodontists may not estimate the severity of malocclusion reliably and may use different criteria from orthodontists for the process. The present study therefore sought to examine the reliability of parents' and children's perceptions of the children's own malocclusions with rating scales under two anchoring conditions and to test the discrepancy between their estimates and those of a panel of orthodontists. The children's and parents' assessments had limited test-retest reliability but instead of making guesses about the severity of their malocclusions they consistently gave low estimates. These effects were not influenced by the additional anchoring stimuli.

Validity and Reliability of Gifted Rating Scales-School Form in Sample of Teachers and Parents – A Czech Contribution

2020 ◽  
pp. 073428292097071
Author(s):  
Michal Jabůrek ◽  
Adam Ťápal ◽  
Šárka Portešová ◽  
Steven I. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Teacher Rating ◽  
Halo Effect ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The factor structure, the concurrent validity, and test–retest reliability of the Czech translation of the Gifted Rating Scales-School Form [GRS-S; Pfeiffer, S. I., & Jarosewich, T. (2003). GRS (gifted rating scales) - manual. Pearson] were evaluated. Ten alternative models were tested. Four models were found to exhibit acceptable fit and interpretability. The factor structure was comparable for both parent ( n = 277) and teacher raters ( n = 137). High correlations between the factors suggest that raters might be subject to a halo effect. Ratings made by teachers show a closer relationship with criteria (WJ IE II COG, CFT 20-R, and TIM3–5) than ratings made by parents. Test–retest reliability of teacher rating (with median 93 days) was quite high for all GRS-S subscales ( r = .84–.87).

An App to Assess Young Children’s Perceptions of Movement Competence

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (s2) ◽  
pp. S252-S263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Barnett ◽  
Owen Makin
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Children's Perceptions ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Children’S Perceptions ◽  
Digital Assessment ◽  
Android App ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Good Agreement

Assessing young children’s perceptions is commonly done one on one with an interviewer. An app enables several children to complete the scale at once. The objective was to describe an app to assess children’s perceptions of movement competence and then present consistency of child responses. The Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence (PMSC) has fundamental movement skill (FMS; e.g., catch) and play items (e.g., cycling). The PMSC android app has the same items and images but children complete it independently with audio. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) assessed i) test-retest reliability using the PMSC app on 18 items in 42 children (M = 6.8 yrs) and ii) consistency between measures for 13 FMS items in 44 children (M = 8.5 yrs). Over time (M = 6.9 days, SD = 0.35) the full PMSC had good consistency (ICC = 0.79, 95% CI 0.64–0.88) and the FMS items had moderate consistency (ICC = 0.68, 95% CI 0.47–0.81). There was good agreement between the app and interview for FMS items (ICC = 0.86, 95% CI 0.76–0.92). Locomotor items were less consistent. The PMSC app can generally be recommended. Future research could investigate how different forms of digital assessment affect children’s perception.

German validation of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) II: Reliability, validity, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Christiansen ◽  
B. Kis ◽  
O. Hirsch ◽  
S. Matthies ◽  
J. Hebebrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

AbstractBackgroundThe German version of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) has proven to show very high model fit in confirmative factor analyses with the established factors inattention/memory problems, hyperactivity/restlessness, impulsivity/emotional lability, and problems with self-concept in both large healthy control and ADHD patient samples. This study now presents data on the psychometric properties of the German CAARS-self-report (CAARS-S) and observer-report (CAARS-O) questionnaires.MethodsCAARS-S/O and questions on sociodemographic variables were filled out by 466 patients with ADHD, 847 healthy control subjects that already participated in two prior studies, and a total of 896 observer data sets were available. Cronbach's-alpha was calculated to obtain internal reliability coefficients. Pearson correlations were performed to assess test-retest reliability, and concurrent, criterion, and discriminant validity. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC-analyses) were used to establish sensitivity and specificity for all subscales.ResultsCoefficient alphas ranged from .74 to .95, and test-retest reliability from .85 to .92 for the CAARS-S, and from .65 to .85 for the CAARS-O. All CAARS subscales, except problems with self-concept correlated significantly with the Barrett Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), but not with the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS). Criterion validity was established with ADHD subtype and diagnosis based on DSM-IV criteria. Sensitivity and specificity were high for all four subscales.ConclusionThe reported results confirm our previous study and show that the German CAARS-S/O do indeed represent a reliable and cross-culturally valid measure of current ADHD symptoms in adults.

scholarly journals Psychometric validation of a pre-existing questionnaire used to measure patient satisfaction following orthodontic treatment in a UK population

2021 ◽  
pp. 146531252098552
Author(s):  
Katy Tidbury ◽  
Mark Sayers ◽  
Manoharan Andiappan ◽  
Jonathon T Newton
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Treatment Satisfaction ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Satisfaction Questionnaire ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Objective: To determine the psychometric properties of a pre-existing orthodontic satisfaction questionnaire and to assess patient satisfaction of their orthodontic treatment. Design: Psychometric assessment of a pre-existing orthodontic satisfaction questionnaire. Setting: Two sites at King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. Participants: Individuals aged 12–15 years who had completed fixed orthodontic treatment. Methods: An expert panel assessed a pre-existing orthodontic treatment satisfaction questionnaire for validity and readability. As a result, revisions were made to the questionnaire and it was distributed to 103 participants aged 12–15 years, on completion of their fixed orthodontic treatment (T1). Test–retest reliability of the questionnaire was assessed through completion of a second questionnaire by 17 participants, at a two-week interval (T2). The questionnaire was assessed for reliability using item-total correlations (I-TC) and Cronbach’s alpha. Factor analysis allowed exploration of the underlying factor structure of the questionnaire. Test–retest reliability was assessed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Multiple regression analysis was used to find out the significant demographic variables that predicts the satisfaction level of treatment. Results: Following validity and readability assessment by the expert panel, the questionnaire was revised. Eleven items were removed following item analysis (with I-TC ⩽ 0.3). Factor analysis was deemed uninterpretable. The overall scale demonstrated greater reliability than the underlying sub-scales. Therefore, the sub-scales were removed, resulting in one scale which assessed overall orthodontic satisfaction, comprising 37 items, with a Cronbach alpha of 0.92. The test–retest reliability of the revised 37-item scale was deemed to be poor (kappa coefficient = 0.39). Multiple regression analysis identified ethnicity as a significant predictor of orthodontic treatment satisfaction ( P = 0.01). Conclusion: This study provides a valid measure to assess orthodontic treatment satisfaction for use in a UK population aged 12–15 years on completion of fixed orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Validating a Series of Photo-Numeric Rating Scales for Use in Facial Aesthetics Using Statistical Analysis of Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Paul Lorenc ◽  
Derek Jones ◽  
Jeongyun Kim ◽  
Hee Min Gwak ◽  
Samixa Batham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Facial Aesthetics ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Growing demand for minimally invasive aesthetic procedures to correct age-related facial changes and optimize facial proportions has been met with innovation, but has created an unmet need for objective assessment tools to evaluate results empirically. Objectives The purpose of this study is to establish the intra- and inter-rater reliability of ordinal, photonumeric, 4- or 5-point rating scales for clinical use to assess facial aesthetics. Methods Board-certified plastic surgeons and dermatologists (3 raters) performed live validation of jawline contour, temple volume, chin retrusion, nasolabial folds, vertical perioral lip lines, midface volume loss, lip fullness, and crow’s feet dynamic- and at rest- rating scales over 2 rounds, 2 weeks apart. Subjects selected for live validation represented the range of scores and included 54-83 subjects for each scale. Test-retest reliability was quantitated through intra- and inter-rater reliability, determined from the mean weighted kappa and Round 2 Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), respectively. The clinical significance of a one grade difference was assessed through rater comparison of 31 pairs of side-by-side photographs of subjects with the same grade or a different grade on the developed scales. Results The study demonstrated substantial to near-perfect intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of all scales when utilized by trained raters to assess a diverse group of live subjects. Furthermore, the clinical significance of a 1-point difference on all the developed scales was established. Conclusions The high test-retest reliability and intuitive layout of these scales provide an objective approach with standardized ratings for clinical assessment of various facial features.

scholarly journals Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale in clinical practice: Psychometric properties on Serbian patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 1119-1125
Author(s):  
Petar Vojvodic ◽  
Ana Andonov ◽  
Dejan Stevanovic ◽  
Ivana Perunicic-Mladenovic ◽  
Goran Mihajlovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Serbian Version ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background/Aim. Various rating scales for depression are avalable, but the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is one of the most frequently used scales. The aim of this study was to analyze the measurement properties of the MADRS Serbian version for quantifying depression severity in the clinical setting. Methods. Two studies have been conducted in order to validate the MADRS. The first study included sixty-four adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), with test-retest situ-ation, and the second one included 19 participants (also with MDD), who had six test-retest situations. Psychomet-ric evaluation included descriptive analysis, internal con-sistency and test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity (correlations with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17 ? HAMD-17). Results. The internal consistency for test-retest reliability was 0.93 in total for the MADRS, and for six test-retest situations was 0.95. The MADRS had one fac-tor structure, with explained variance of 66.26% for the first testing, and 61.29% for the retest. There were statistical sig-nificant correlations between the MADRS and HAMD-17 (r = 0.96 for test and r = 0.94 for retest). Also, it was shown a great correlation between all items on the MADRS, and for the instrument in total (r = 0.89). Conclusion. The MADRS was shown good statistical results, and it could be used in everyday clinical practice for discriminating MDD.

Devereux Scales as Behavioral Measures of Visually Impaired Residential Students

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
Linda J. Ross ◽  
Patricia A. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Child Behavior ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Behavior Rating ◽  
School Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Behavior Rating Scale ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

This study examines how well Devereux behavior rating scales perform as sensitive and reliable instruments for delineating inappropriate behavior among visually impaired children at a residential school. Three Devereux scales were administered: the Child Behavior Rating Scale; the Adolescent Behavior Rating Scale; and the Elementary School Behavior Rating Scale. Students were rated on the scales, from which obviously inappropriate items had been deleted by houseparents and teachers. One week later, a random sample of students was selected for re-evaluation, as a measure of test-retest reliability. The results suggest that the scales could be viable evaluation instruments, though the Child Behavior Rating Scale showed unacceptable test-retest reliability.

scholarly journals Piloting a Patient-based Questionnaire to Assess Patient Satisfaction with the Process of Orthodontic Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalise McNair ◽  
Karen J. Drage ◽  
Anthony J. Ireland ◽  
Jonathan R. Sandy ◽  
Alison C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Validity Study ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Assess Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Objective: To test the scientific properties of a patient-based questionnaire developed to measure adolescent patient's satisfaction with the process of orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine consecutive patients aged 9 to 17 years undergoing orthodontic treatment were asked to complete the questionnaire on two separate occasions. Test-retest reliability, readability, ease of administration, criterion validity, and construct validity were tested. All patients answered the questionnaire at time 1 and took part in the construct validity study. Ten patients took part in an ease of administration study and 17 patients took part in the criterion validity study. Results: Thirty-one patients completed the questionnaire at time 2, giving a response rate of 63.3%. The test-retest reliability was excellent in one section, moderate in six sections, and poor in one. The questionnaire had a Flesch Reading Score of 79.8, equivalent to a reading age of 10 years and was easily administered in 5 to 15 minutes. Although the construct validity of the questionnaire was excellent in five of the six measures and moderate in the other, the criterion validity was poor for 7 of the 14 items selected to test. Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates the need to test a questionnaire before use in audit or research.

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