scholarly journals Comparison of the DONOR Lymphocyte Infusion and Second Allogeneic STEM-CELL Transplantation in the Treatment of First Hematological Relapse after Allogeneic STEM-CELL Transplantation in Adults with ACUTE Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 5698-5698
Author(s):  
Haluk Demiroglu ◽  
Elifcan Aladag ◽  
Nelson J. Chao ◽  
Yahya Buyukasik ◽  
Hakan Goker
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Donor Lymphocyte Infusion ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: Relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic bone marrow transplantation (AHSCT) in acute leukemia is a poor prognosis indicator. Although there is no definite opinion about the optimal treatment chemotherapy, second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT2) or donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) are among the treatment options. Relapse after allogeneic transplantation remains unfortunately quite common and we frequently face difficult management decisions. The decision to offer either option is based on several factors, including donor availability, remission status, presence of disabling comorbidities, and center or physician preference. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of AHBMT2 or DLI on survival in relapsed transplant patients suffers from acute leukemia. Method:We here in report a retrospective analysis of single-center experience with AHBMT2 and DLI to treat patients relapsing from acute leukemia after a first AHBMT from 2003 to 2018.We enrolled the study 20 patients who underwent DLI and 6 patients who underwent AHBMT2. Result:There was no significant difference in OS between the groups afterward intervention (p:0,9) The 2-year survival rate was 33% in the AHBMT2 group and 43% in the DLI group. After intervention, chronic GVHD was observed only in DLI group. Conclusion: DLI can be considered after relapse as a safer and less toxic method than AHBMT2. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The Impact of ATG/Alg in Preconditioning On the Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Acute Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 4185-4185
Author(s):  
Koji Kato ◽  
Yoshiko Atsuta ◽  
Kazuteru Ohashi ◽  
Takahiro Fukuda ◽  
Shuichi Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Abstract 4185 Background: Since the clinical implication of anti-lymphocyte globulin (ATG/ALG) in allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is not fully understood, we tried to identify the clinical impact of ATG/ALG in patients with acute leukemia who received allo-SCT in Japan. Patients and Methods: We analyzed patients with ALL (n=5494) and AML (n=8115) who received first allogeneic SCT from 1983 to 2009 with (n=356) or without (n=13253) ATG/ALG. Their stem cell sources were bone marrow (BM, n=9056), peripheral blood (PB, n=1918), and cord blood (CB, n=2575) and they were transplanted at 1st complete remission (CR1, n=5681), 2nd CR (CR2, n=2495), and advanced stages (>CR3, n=5033). Results: Five year overall survival (5y OS) of all patients with or without ATG/ALG was 33.6% vs 44.5%, respectively (P<0.001) and multivariate analysis showed that ATG/ALG significantly reduced acute GVHD (P<0.001, HR=1.980) as well as chronic GVHD (P<0.001, HR=1.894). According to stem cell sources, 5y OS with or without ATG/ALG was 35.8% vs 47.5% (P<0.001) in BM, 34.7% vs 37.6% (P=0.067) in PB and 18.3% vs 39.9% (P<0.001) in CB. By multivariate analysis, ATG/ALG significantly reduced A-GVHD (P=0.005, HR=1.565) but decreased OS (P=0.004, HR=0.729) in BM, it reduced A-GVHD (P<0.001, HR=2.376) and C-GVHD (P<0.001, HR=2.691) but lowered engraftment (P=0.046, HR=0.810) in PB, and it increased TRM (P=0.004, HR=0.437) with decreased OS (P=0.011, HR=0.576) in CB. In Haplo transplantation (SCT from 2 or 3 antigens of HLA mismatched family donor, n=337), multivariate analysis showed that ATG/ALG did not affect the relapse, TRM and OS but, it significantly lowered engraftment (P=0.002, HR=0.602), and reduced A-GVHD (P<0.001, HR=2.622) as well as C-GVHD (P<0.001, HR=3.834). In contrast to these results, ATG/ALG did not affect the relapse rate irrespective of stem cell source or diagnosis. Conclusion: In allogeneic stem cell transplantation for patients with ALL and AML, ATG/ALG contribute in reducing acute and chronic GVHD without affecting relapse rates but it was a risk factor of OS for patients who received BM or CB. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Long-term results and GvHD after prophylactic and preemptive donor lymphocyte infusion after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute leukemia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Schmid ◽  
Myriam Labopin ◽  
Nicolaas Schaap ◽  
Hendrik Veelken ◽  
Arne Brecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Donor Lymphocyte Infusion ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Mixed Chimerism ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractWe report on 318 patients with acute leukemia, receiving donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) in complete hematologic remission (CHR) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). DLI were applied preemptively (preDLI) for minimal residual disease (MRD, n = 23) or mixed chimerism (MC, n = 169), or as prophylaxis in high-risk patients with complete chimerism and molecular remission (proDLI, n = 126). Median interval from alloSCT to DLI1 was 176 days, median follow-up was 7.0 years. Five-year cumulative relapse incidence (CRI), non-relapse mortality (NRM), leukemia-free and overall survival (LFS/OS) of the entire cohort were 29.1%, 12.7%, 58.2%, and 64.3%. Cumulative incidences of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) grade II–IV°/chronic GvHD were 11.9%/31%. Nineteen patients (6%) died from DLI-induced GvHD. Age ≥60 years (p = 0.046), advanced stage at transplantation (p = 0.003), shorter interval from transplantation (p = 0.018), and prior aGvHD ≥II° (p = 0.036) were risk factors for DLI-induced GvHD. GvHD did not influence CRI, but was associated with NRM and lower LFS/OS. Efficacy of preDLI was demonstrated by decreasing MRD/increasing blood counts in 71%, and increasing chimerism in 70%. Five-year OS after preDLI for MRD/MC was 51%/68% among responders, and 37% among non-responders. The study describes response and outcome of DLI in CHR and helps to identify candidates without increased risk of severe GvHD.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Severity of DLI Associated Chronic Gvhd Influence the Clinical Outcomes in Relapsed Acute Leukemia after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 3412-3412
Author(s):  
Wenjing Yu ◽  
Xiao-Dong Mo ◽  
Xiaohui Zhang ◽  
Lan-Ping Xu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and severity of chemotherapy plus donor lymphocyte infusion (Chemo-DLI) associated chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) in a consecutive cohort of patients with acute leukemia who experienced relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT; n = 104). The 5-year cumulative incidence of complete remission (CR) after Chemo-DLI was 81.0% (95% CI, 73.3-88.7%) and 84.6% (95% CI, 74.5-94.7%) in the moderate and severe cGVHD groups, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the mild cGVHD 40.9% (95% CI, 29.3-52.5%) and non-cGVHD groups 29.2% (95% CI 23.1-35.3%) (Figure 1). The cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality was comparable between patients with and without cGVHD . The 5-year probabilities of progression-free survival after Chemo-DLI were 42.9% (95% CI, 26.2-70.2%) and 34.6% (95% CI, 15.3-78.2%) in moderate and severe cGVHD groups, respectively, which were both significantly higher than those of mild cGVHD 9.1% (95% CI, 2.4-34.1%) and non-cGVHD groups 8.3% (95% CI 3.3-21.3%) (Figure 2). The 5-year probabilities of overall survival after Chemo-DLI were 56.7% (95% CI, 38.9-82.7%) and 43.1% (95% CI, 22.1-84.0%), in moderate and severe cGVHD groups, respectively, which were both significantly higher than those of the mild cGVHD 9.1% (95% CI 1.8-47.1%) and non-cGVHD groups 14.9% (95% CI, 7.3-30.2%) (Figure 3). Our observations highlight the close relation between cGVHD and immune-mediated graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect in patients with relapse receiving Chemo-DLI; however, mild cGVHD may not be associated with a sufficiently strong GVL effect to induce remission and improve survival. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Comorbidities Index Is Not Predictive of Treatment Related Mortality in Patients (pts) Older Than 60 Years Treated with Reduced Intensity Conditioning and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (RIC-ALLO).

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 1180-1180
Author(s):  
Luca Castagna ◽  
Sabine Furst ◽  
Jean El Cheikh ◽  
Catherine Faucher ◽  
Mohamad Mohty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Treatment Related Mortality ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Abstract 1180 Poster Board I-202 Benjamin Esterni, Didier Blaise Background: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ALLO) is the only curative therapy for many hematological malignancies. For many of these diseases, the median age at diagnosis is around the sixth decade of life, precluding myeloablative ALLO (MAC-ALLO). RIC-ALLO is less toxic and it has been performed in elderly pts, mainly affected by acute leukemia. Finally, comorbidities index seem to predict treatment related mortality (TRM) and overall survival (OS). Patients and methods: From 2001 and 2008, 67 pts older than 60 years (median age 63 y, range 60-70) received RIC-ALLO. Diseases were: acute myeloid leukemia 45%, multiple myeloma 18%, chronic lymphocytic leukemia 12%, non-Hodgkin lymphoma 10%, myelodysplasia 6%, plasmacellular leukemia 3%, others 6%. Disease status at RIC-ALLO was: complete remission 54%, partial remission 16%, and active disease 30%. RIC consisted of fludarabine-based with thymoglobulin 64%, or low-dose TBI-based 36%. Donors were: HLAid sibling 73%, matched unrelated 21%, and cord blood 6%. Previous autologous transplant was performed in 59% of pts. The median number of CD34+ and CD3+ cells infused was 5 (range 1-9.4) and 296 (range 84-704), respectively. Karnofski score was 60-80% in 25% and 90-100% in 75%; HCT-CI was 0 in 33%, 1-2 in 33%, and more than 3 in 34%; PAM score was 8-16 in 9%, 17-33 in 65%, 24-30 in 22%, and more than 31 in 3%; EBMT score was 2 in 22%, 3 in 36%, 4 in 28%, more than 5 in 12%. Results: The median follow-up was 22 months. The 2-y OS and PFS were 66.8% (IC95 [55.5-80.4]) and 52.4% (IC95 [39.5-69.5]), respectively. Grade II-IV acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) and chronic GVHD (cGVHD) incidence were 49% and 43%, respectively. Early infections were fever of unknown origin in 42% of pts, bacterial infection in 6 cases, pneumonia in 8, and viral infections in 14. The early infection-related mortality was null. Late infections were bacterial in 3 cases, pneumonia in 1, viral infections in 6, and candidemia in 1. Seven pts died from late infective complications. Overall, the cause of death was toxicities in 18 pts and disease progression in 6 pts. The 100-d and 1-y TRM were 6.35% (IC95 [0.278-12.4]) and 24.2% (IC95 [12.9-35.4]), respectively. In univariate analysis, HCT-CI, EBMT score, and PAM score did not influence TRM or OS. Furthermore, age (60-65 vs 66-70) was not related to TRM. Conclusions: The aim of this retrospective study was to verify if TRM was excessively high in elderly pts, affected from several haematological diseases and receiving ALLO from different donors and after different RIC. A secondary objective was to evaluate if several comorbidities index could predict TRM and OS. This heterogeneity should be regarded as a more realistic view of general population. TRM was acceptable and not different when compared to younger pts as reported in literature. Furthermore, neither comorbidities index nor age help segregate a group of pts with different TRM. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Long-Term Clinical Outcome of Children with Acquired Aplastic Anemia in Brazil.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 4216-4216
Author(s):  
Marlene Pereira Garanito ◽  
Vicente Odone Filho ◽  
Marcela Vieira dos Santos ◽  
Elvira Velloso ◽  
Frederico L. Dulley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Survival Probability ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Time History ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Abstract 4216 Introdution/ Backgound Acquired Aplastic Anemia (AAA) is a rare hematologic disorder characterized by pancytopenia and hypocelular bone marrow. The pathophysiology is immune mediated in most cases. Environmental exposures to drugs, viruses and toxins, are thought to trigger the aberrant immune response in some patients. However, 50 to 74 percent of cases are classified as idiopathic. The highest frequency occurs in young population (15 to 25 years) with a second peak at age of 65 to 69 years. Immunosuppressive therapy is the best treatment in children with AAA who do not have a suitable donor for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Materials and methods We reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with severe (SAA) and very severe acquired aplastic anemia (vSAA) at the Department of Pediatrics, Instituto da Criança – Hospital das Clínicas, University of Sào Paulo, Brazil from December, 1992 to December, 2007. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of the patients at diagnosis and the response to immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Results In this study, 47 patients (27 boys and 20 girls), younger than 16 years, were diagnosed with vSAA (n= 21) or SAA (n=26). The median age was 7,71 years, ranging from 0.5 to 16 years and the average time history (beginning of signs and symptoms related to the disease and diagnosis) of the disease was 4,82 months, ranging from 0,25 to 48 months. Of the 47 patients, 45 had idiopathic AAA and 2 had hepatitis-associated. The median follow-up was 6,91 years for the patients treated with IST and 3,10 years for the patients who underwent to HSCT. One patient died before any treatment. For the eight patients who underwent to allogenic HLA-matched HSCT the 5-years-survival probability was 50%. For the 38 patients treated with IST, ten of them received cyclosporine and a short course of corticosteroids (CsA/CE) and 28 received antithymocyte globulin plus cyclosporine (ATG/CSA). The 5 years survival probability was 40% and 55%, respectively (p:0,0054). According to the severity of AAA, we did not show a significant difference in survival (p:0,32). Eight patients received second treatment after 1 year and 6 months (6 ATG from different species and CsA, 1 CsA and 1 thalidomide) and the probably of survival at 5 years was 60%. Among the 18 patients who responded to IST, four relapsed (22%). Two patients developed acute myeloid leukemia at 5 and 12 years after diagnosis. Conclusion Our results both for patients undergoing HSCT, as well as patients undergoing IST are lower in comparison to other hematological centers. Probably, this discrepancy is related to the prolonged time of disease when patients are admitted to our service. Unfortunately, the difficulty of access to specialized centers for diagnosis and early treatment in our country is a reality and this fact contributes to the delay to the beginning of treatment. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The role of B cells in the pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (24) ◽  
pp. 4919-4927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Shimabukuro-Vornhagen ◽  
Michael J. Hallek ◽  
Rainer F. Storb ◽  
Michael S. von Bergwelt-Baildon
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Graft Versus Host Reaction ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Graft Versus Host

Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an established treatment modality for malignant and nonmalignant hematologic diseases. Acute and chronic graft-versus-host diseases (GVHDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. T cells have been identified as key players in the graft-versus-host reaction and, therefore, most established drugs used against GVHD target T cells. Despite our knowledge on the pathogenesis of the GVH reaction, success of established therapies for prevention and treatment of GHVD is unsatisfactory. Recently, animal and human studies demonstrated that B cells are involved in the immunopathophysiology of acute and chronic GVHD. Early phase clinical trials of B-cell depletion with rituximab have shown beneficial effects on both acute and chronic GVHD. This review summarizes the current experimental and clinical evidence for the involvement of B cells in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic GVHD and discusses the clinical implications for the management of patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Pulmonary Complications after T-Cell Depleted Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Low Incidence and Strong Association with Acute GVHD.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1821-1821
Author(s):  
Cynthia Huisman ◽  
Hanneke M. van der Straaten ◽  
Marijke R. Canninga-van Dijk ◽  
Rob Fijnheer ◽  
Leo F. Verdonck
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Acute Gvhd ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Lung injury limits the success of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The overall incidence varies from 30–50% and noninfectious causes occur in one third to one half of these. We reviewed pulmonary complications in 369 patients who received either allo-BMT or allo-PBSCT at our institution between 1993 and 2003. Control subjects were selected from the same database and matched on sex, underlying diagnosis, age, type of transplantation and cytomegalovirus-serostatus. For all patients the conditioning myeloablative regimen consisted of cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg/day for 2 days) followed by total body irradiation (total lung dose 850 cGy). The graft was partially T-cell depleted (1–2 x 105 T cells/kg). Sixty-one patients (16.5%) developed pulmonary complications, which were diagnosed at a median of 22 weeks after transplantation (range 2–263). Twenty-one patients (5.7%) developed infectious pneumonia. Non-infectious complications were further subclassified as BO (3.5%), BOOP (0.5%), DAH (0.8%), IPS (5.4%) or mixed etiology (0.5%). Acute GVHD ≥ grade II was significantly more common in patients with pulmonary complications than in the controls (36/61 versus 24/61 patients, P=0.02). There was no significant difference in the incidence of chronic GVHD (in 26/48 pulmonary patients versus 20/55 controls, P=0.1). Median survival was 41 weeks (range 4–583) for the pulmonary patients and 173 weeks (range 8–582) for the control subjects. These data illustrate that the incidence of pulmonary complications is low after T-cell depleted HSCT and demonstrate a clear association with acute GVHD. Improvement of the poor outcome of pulmonary complications is of utmost importance. Current studies at our institution are focused at the detection of early markers so that possible pre-emptive-like therapy can be initiated before symptomatic lung damage arises.

The Therapeutic Effect of Lenalidomide Is Enhanced After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Results of a Case-Control Study

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 1996-1996
Author(s):  
Vittorio Montefusco ◽  
Francesco Spina ◽  
Elena Zamagni ◽  
Giorgia Saporiti ◽  
Francesca Patriarca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Matching Criteria

Abstract Abstract 1996 Introduction. Lenalidomide (Len) is a highly effective drug against multiple myeloma (MM). It acts through several mechanisms, such as a direct cytotoxic effect, anti-angiogenesis, microenvironment modifications, and immunomodulation. The latter property is particularly interesting in the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) setting, since Len may interact favourably with the graft-versus-myeloma (GVM) effect. Preliminary results from retrospective studies on heterogeneous patient populations have suggested that Len is more effective when given after Allo-HSCT. In order to verify this observation, we have conducted a case-matched analysis comparing Len after autologous stem cell transplantation (Auto-HSCT) vs. Len after Allo-HSCT. The hypothesis is that Len may be more potent when administered after Allo-HSCT. Methods and results. In this retrospective study the matching criteria was represented by the number of treatment lines received before Len. In an attempt to uniform the treatment regimens, an intra-centre matching was recommended. To April 2011 we collected data from 39 patients in each group. Baseline characteristics between Auto and Allo patients were similar, except for age at diagnosis (53 years, range 39–70, in Auto patients; 47 years, range 29 – 61, in Allo patients). The median number of previous lines of treatment was 3 (range 1–6 ) for both groups. Twenty-one out 39 (54%) Allo patients received Allo-HSCT as second or subsequent line of therapy. Thirty-two (82%) Auto and 35 (90%) Allo patients received bortezomib in previous lines. Similarly, 34 (87%) Auto and 12 (54%) Allo patients were previously treated with thalidomide. Len was always combined with dexamethasone. Median time between Auto-HSCT and Len start was 38 months (range 7–159), and for Allo-HSCT 29 months (range 4–215). Best responses were for Auto and Allo patients as follows: 5 vs. 4 CR, 6 vs. 8 VGPR, 11 vs. 12 PR, 6 vs. 8 SD, 11 vs. 7 PD. Time from Len start to the best response was 4 months for both groups. With a median follow-up of 11.5 months (range 1–39), 1 year and 2 year progression-free survival were 41% and 6% for Auto patients, and 52% and 44% for Allo patients (p=0.03), respectively. Two years overall survival was 48% for Auto and 75% for Allo patients (p=0.03). Similar results were observed regardless of previous thalidomide treatment. No unexpected toxicities were reported. Two (10%) patients had worsening of a pre-existent extensive chronic GVHD. Discussion and Conclusion. The comparison between Auto and Allo patients has shown a benefit in terms of PFS and OS in favor of Len administered after AlloHSCT. This observation supports the hypothesis that Len is synergistic with the GVM effect. Since Len has a potent immunomodulatory effect, this can raise concerns about its use after AlloHSCT. A Dutch prospective study showed that the early administration of Len 10 mg daily after non-myeloablative Allo-HSCT induces late onset acute GVHD in a substantial proportion of patients, causing the premature discontinuation of the study. On the contrary, our retrospective study has shown that a later administration is feasible and safe, without an excess of GVHD, suggesting that a more mature immune system can better tolerate Len. Moreover, since in all cases dexamethasone was given in combination with Len, its immunosuppressive effect may have harnessed the Len-induced immune activation. In conclusion our study suggests that Len is particularly active after AlloHSCT, still retaining a favorable toxicity profile. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Lenalidomide Followed with Donor Lymphocytes Infusion (DLI) After Allogeneic Stem-Cell Transplantation (Allo-SCT) with Reduced-Intensity Conditioning in Patients with High Risk Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 4310-4310
Author(s):  
Jean El-Cheikh ◽  
Roberto Crocchiolo ◽  
Patrick Ladaique ◽  
Sabine Furst ◽  
Luca Castagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Donor Lymphocyte Infusion ◽  
Peripheral Blood Stem Cells

Abstract Abstract 4310 Purpose: Relapse remains the main issue after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Allo-SCT) in high risk Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients. The aim of this study is to assess the anti-myeloma effect of lenalidomide followed by donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) as adoptive immunotherapy after transplantation. Patients and methods: Twelve patients with refractory and high risk myeloma were analyzed. Median age at transplantation was 56 years (46–64); 6 patients (50%) received lenalidomide before Allo-SCT. All patients received a RIC including Fludarabine 30 mg/m2 5 days, ATG 2,5 mg/kg for 2 days and Busilvex 3.2 mg/kg/day (3 days in 6 patients and 2 days in 6 patients). All but one received peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). Donor was HLA id in 6 patients and matched unrelated in 6 patients. It is our standard long term practice to consider post-transplant DLI in patients with progressive or persistent disease after day 100 if no GVHD signs were evident. In 2010, we introduced the use of lenalidomide after day 100 in patients with MM presenting the same characteristics. Doses ranged from 10 to 25 mg/day. Lenalodomide treatment could be completed with DLI, administered afterward, at least after 2 cycles. Results: The median time between Allo-SCT and lenalidomide was 10 months (3–38). The median initial dose of lenalidomide was 15 mg (10–25). Patients received a median of 6 cycles (1–10). Nine patients (60%) received an escalating dose of DLI; 1 × 107/Kg of CD3+cells for the first DLI and 1 × 108/Kg of CD3+cells for the second DLI. One patient with GVHD (after tapering of the cyclosporine A and only after 10 days of lenalidomide) and two patients with progressive disease after lenalidomide did not receive DLI. The toxicity related to lenalidomide was mainly haematological (grade II in 4 patients (33%) and grade I in 3 patients (25%); 7 patients (58%) had moderate asthenia. One patient developed a reversible renal insufficiency after 10 cycles of lenalidomide, none of our patients developed thrombo-embolism under treatment. At the last follow up, 9 patients are alive and all of them are under ongoing treatment. Four patients achieved complete remission (CR) and five patients partial remission at last evaluation. The 1 and 2 years probability of the progression-free survival (PFS) was 75% and 50% and overall survival (OS) was 83 % and 69% respectively. The median OS was not reached and the median PFS was 23 months. Conclusions: These data show that lenalidomide has an acceptable toxicity. Combination with DLI should be further evaluated in a larger cohort of patients. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document