Phase 1b/2a Open-Label, Multiple-Dose, Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of SNS01-T Administered by Intravenous Infusion in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 2973-2973
Author(s):  
John A Lust ◽  
Saad Z Usmani ◽  
Mehdi Hamadani ◽  
Charles Barranco ◽  
Martha Q Lacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Cancer Society

Abstract Abstract 2973 Eukaryotic translation initiation Factor 5A (eIF5A) has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis and is the only known protein to be modified by hypusination. Hypusinated eIF5A is the predominant form of eIF5A in cancer cells. However, in its unhypusinated form, eIF5A is pro-apoptotic. SNS01-T, designed to treat B-cell cancers, consists of two active components: a plasmid DNA expressing eIF5AK50R (human eIF5A containing a lysine to arginine substitution at position 50) which remains pro-apoptotic because it cannot be hypusinated, and an siRNA against an untranslated region of native eIF5A mRNA. When these two components are combined with linear polyethyleneimine (PEI), the nucleic acids are condensed into nanoparticles for protection from degradation in the blood and enhanced delivery to tissues. The eIF5AK50R transgene is under the control of the B29 promoter and enhancer, which restricts expression to B cells. The mode of action of SNS01-T is to use an eIF5A-specific siRNA to deplete the pool of hypusinated eIF5A in myeloma cells while simultaneously adding pro-apoptotic eIF5AK50R. In vitro cell studies and in vivo xenograft studies have demonstrated the efficacy of this approach. Eligible patients are enrolled sequentially into four cohorts of increasingly higher doses. Each cohort will receive SNS01-T by intravenous infusion twice weekly for 6 consecutive weeks and then be observed every 4 weeks during a 24-week follow-up period. Eligible patients must have been diagnosed with multiple myeloma according to IMWG criteria, have measurable disease, have relapsed disease after two or more prior treatment regimens, have a life expectancy of at least 3 months, and not be eligible to receive any other standard therapy known to extend life expectancy. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of multiple ascending doses of SNS01-T. Secondary objectives include pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity studies, proinflammatory cytokine quantitation, and therapeutic efficacy. The required number of 3 patients completed the dosing schedule in Cohort 1 from a total of 6 patients enrolled. Two of three patients had not progressed on treatment, based on standard response criteria including the monoclonal protein, and were considered stable at week 3 and week 6 the end of the dosing regimen. Three patients were withdrawn from the study by their physicians due to disease progression before completing treatment. One of the responding patients has continued to have stable disease at week 10, a month after the end of treatment with SNS01-T. The first group of patients received 0.0125 mg/kg, approximately 1 mg per patient by intravenous infusion. The planned dose levels for the second, third and fourth groups are 0.05, 0.2 and 0.375 mg/kg, respectively. The results to date of this first in man clinical trial indicate that SNS01-T was safely administered without dose-limiting toxicities in the first group of multiple myeloma patients. The MTD has not yet been reached. (Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT01435720.) Disclosures: Hamadani: Celgene Corp: Speakers Bureau; American Cancer Society 116837-IRG-09–061–01: Research Funding; ASBMT & Millennium New Investigator Award: Research Funding; Conquer Cancer Foundation of ASCO: Research Funding. Barranco:Senesco Technologies: Employment. Thompson:Senesco Technologies Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Taylor:Senesco Technologies Inc.: stock options Other. Dondero:Senesco Technologies Inc.: Employment.

Phase I/II open-label, multiple-dose, dose-escalation study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of SNS01T administered by intravenous infusion in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. TPS8116-TPS8116
Author(s):  
John Anthony Lust ◽  
Charles Barranco ◽  
Martha Lacy ◽  
Angela Dispenzieri ◽  
Morie A. Gertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Dose Escalation Study

TPS8116 Background: Eukaryotic translation initiation Factor 5A (eIF5A) has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis and is the only known protein to be modified by hypusination. Hypusinated eIF5A is the predominant form of eIF5A in cancer cells. However, in its unhypusinated form, eIF5A is pro-apoptotic. SNS01-T, designed to treat myeloma, consists of two components: a plasmid DNA expressing eIF5AK50R (human eIF5A containing a lysine to arginine substitution at position 50) which remains pro-apoptotic because it cannot be hypusinated, and an siRNA against an untranslated region of native eIF5A mRNA. When these two components are combined with linear polyethyleneimine (PEI), the nucleic acids are condensed into nanoparticles for protection from degradation in the blood and enhanced delivery to tissues. The eIF5AK50R transgene is under the control of the B29 promoter and enhancer, which restricts expression to B cells. The mode of action of SNS01-T is to use an eIF5A-specific siRNA to deplete the pool of hypusinated eIF5A in myeloma cells while simultaneously adding pro-apoptotic eIF5AK50R. In vitro cell studies and in vivo xenograft studies have demonstrated the efficacy of this approach. Methods: Eligible patients are enrolled sequentially into four cohorts of increasingly higher doses. Each cohort will receive SNS01-T by intravenous infusion twice weekly for 6 consecutive weeks and then be observed every 4 weeks during a 24-week follow-up period. Eligible patients must have been diagnosed with multiple myeloma according to IMWG criteria, have measurable disease, have relapsed disease after two or more prior treatment regimens, have a life expectancy of at least 3 months, and not be eligible to receive any other standard therapy known to extend life expectancy. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of multiple escalating doses of SNS01-T. Secondary objectives include pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity studies, proinflammatory cytokine quantitation, and therapeutic efficacy. Two of the planned 15 patients have been enrolled. (Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT01435720.)

Safety and Efficacy of Daratumumab with Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone in Relapsed or Relapsed, Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 84-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben Plesner ◽  
Hendrik-Tobias Arkenau ◽  
Henk M. Lokhorst ◽  
Peter Gimsing ◽  
Jakub Krejcik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Advisory Committees ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Human Dose

Abstract Background: Daratumumab (DARA) (HuMax™-CD38), a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody effectively mediates destruction of CD38-expressing malignant plasma cells. In the first-in-human dose-escalation study, 42% of heavily pretreated patients with relapsed, or relapsed, refractory (RR) multiple myeloma (MM) treated with DARA alone (≥4mg/kg) achieved partial response (PR) and 25% had minimal response (MR) (modified IMWG guidelines) (1). In preclinical studies, DARA + lenalidomide (LEN) enhanced killing of MM cells in vitro (2). We evaluated safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and efficacy of DARA + LEN + low-dose dexamethasone (DEX) in patients with relapsed or RR MM. Methods: This ongoing phase I/II open-label multicenter study consisted of 2 parts: Part1 was dose-escalation study in which patients (≥ 18 years old) with life expectancy ≥3 months and ECOG status 0, 1 or 2 received DARA+LEN+DEX (DARA [2-16 mg/kg] per week [8 weeks], twice a month [16 weeks], then, once monthly until disease progression, unmanageable toxicity or 24 months in total; LEN [25 mg PO day 1 through 21 of 28-days cycles]; DEX [40 mg] once weekly). Part 2 was cohort expansion study which explored the testing of maximum tolerated DARA dose (MTD) (16 mg/kg) determined in part 1 along with LEN (25 mg mg PO day 1 through 21 of 28-days cycles) and DEX (40 mg) once weekly. Results: Data from 22 patients (13 patients [fully enrolled] from part 1 and 9 patients from part 2, [ongoing enrollment]) were presented at ASCO earlier this year (3). These results demonstrated that the most frequent (>30% patients) adverse events (AEs) were neutropenia and diarrhea; no dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) were reported. Infusion reactions (grade 1 and 2) were reported in 4 patients. 8 serious AEs were reported, all assessed as unrelated to DARA. MTD was not reached. DARA+LEN+DEX PK-profile was similar to DARA alone suggesting LEN and DEX do not affect the DARA PK-profile. Available preliminary efficacy data from 20 patients demonstrated marked decrease in M-protein in all patients; 15/20 patients achieved PR or better, 3/20 with CR, 6/20 with VGPR. Median time to response was 4.3 weeks (range: 2.1-11.3). Overall response rate (ORR) was 75% (15/20) combining all patients in part 1 and 2 and 92.3% (12/13) for part 1 patients, who had at least 2 months of follow-up or discontinued earlier. Conclusions: DARA+LEN+DEX has favorable safety profile with manageable toxicities in relapsed and RR MM. Encouraging early activity is seen with marked reduction in M-protein and majority of the patients (~75%) achieved PR or better. Results of approximately 30 patients from part 2 with at least 2 months of treatment exposure and 10 patients (out of 30 patients) with shortened duration of infusion will be presented. References Lokhorst et. al., EHA 2013 abstract #8512 van der Veer et. al., Haematologica 2011;96(2):284-90 Plesner et. al. J Clin Oncol 32:5s, 2014 (suppl; abstr 8533). Disclosures Plesner: Genmab: Consultancy; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celegene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Lokhorst:Celgene: Research Funding; J&J: Research Funding; Genmab: Research Funding. Minnema:Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria. Laubach:Onyx: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Millenium: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding. Ahmadi:Janssen: Employment. Yeh:Janssen: Employment. Guckert:Janssen: Employment. Feng:Janssen: Employment. Brun:Genmab: Employment. Lisby:Genmab: Employment. Basse:Genmab: Employment. Palumbo:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria; Genmab A/S: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen-Cilag: Consultancy, Honoraria; Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria; Onyx Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Honoraria; Array BioPharma: Honoraria; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria. Richardson:Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Millennium: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Research Funding.

A Phase I/II Study of TACI-Ig To Neutralize APRIL and BLyS in Patients with Refractory or Relapsed Multiple Myeloma or Active Previously-Treated Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 2566-2566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Rossi ◽  
Isabelle Borghini-Fuhrer ◽  
Jerôme Moreaux ◽  
Guilhem Requirand ◽  
Said Bouseida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Lymphocyte Subpopulation ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background: APRIL (A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand) and BLyS (B Lymphocyte Stimulator) are potent survival factors for normal B cells and are over-expressed in plasma cell malignancies. BLyS binds to 3 members of the TNF-R family of receptors, TACI, BCMA and BAFF-R, whereas APRIL binds to TACI and BCMA and also to heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as syndecan-1, which is expressed by most plasma cells. APRIL and BLyS are produced by the malignant myeloma cells themselves, as well as by cells within the tumor environment, resulting in the enhanced survival of the malignant cells via both an autocrine and paracrine loop. In vitro, a blockade of BLyS and APRIL has been shown to induce myeloma-cell apoptosis. In the present clinical trial we have used a soluble receptor fusion protein comprised of the extracellular domain of TACI and the Fc portion of a human IgG (TACI-Ig) to neutralize both APRIL and BLyS in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) or Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM). The aim was to determine the tolerability, the pharmacokinetics (PK), the pharmacodynamics and the biological activity of TACI-Ig. Methods: The trial is an open-label, dose-escalation study followed by a classical Simon 2-stage trial designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose as well as the optimal biologic dose of TACI-Ig, in patients with refractory or relapsed MM or active WM. Eligible patients are enrolled in sequential cohorts to receive five weekly subcutaneous injections of TACI-Ig at 2, 4, 7 or 10 mg/kg. Patients who demonstrate at least stable disease after the first cycle are allowed to receive 2 additional treatment cycles. PK is assessed after the 1st and 5th dosing. Usual safety parameters are assessed, including measurement of potential anti-TACI-Ig antibodies. The biological activity assessment comprises M-protein, beta 2-microglobulin, soluble syndecan-1, lymphocyte subpopulation counts (by flow cytometric analysis), polyclonal immunoglobulins, serum and urinary free light chains and CRP. Evaluation of response is assessed using modified Bladé criteria at the end of cycles 1 and 3. Results: Preliminary results of the first 3 cohorts of the dose-escalation study are reported. Six MM patients and 3 WM patients have entered the trial. No dose limiting toxicity has been observed and no SAE related to study drug has been reported to date. Mild injection site erythema (1 patient) is the only drug-related toxicity reported to date. Two MM patients and 1 WM patient demonstrated a stabilization of disease through the end of the third cycle, 3 MM patients and 1 WM patient demonstrated progressive disease after the first cycle and 1 MM and 1 WM patient have not been fully evaluated yet. Polyclonal immunoglobulins in 6/9 (5 MM and 1 WM) patients and soluble syndecan-1 in 2/5 MM patients show a decrease during treatment, while CRP levels are not affected. Conclusions: Treatment with TACI-Ig was well tolerated at the dose levels tested so far. A biological response in accordance with the expected TACI-Ig mode of action is observed in this heavily treated refractory population. Accrual of patients at higher dose levels is ongoing and will be presented.

A Phase IB, Multicenter, Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Study of Oral Panobinostat (LBH589) and I.V. Bortezomib in Patients with Relapsed Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2781-2781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davi d Siegel ◽  
Orhan Sezer ◽  
Jesus F. San Miguel ◽  
Maria-Victoria Mateos ◽  
Ian Prosser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Dose Escalation Study

Abstract Panobinostat (LBH589) is a pan-deacetylase inhibitor (pan-DACi), targeting epigenetic and multiple oncogenic pathways. Beyond numerous hematological cell lines being highly sensitive in vitro, panobinostat has shown to induce cytotoxicity at low nanomolar concentrations in multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines resistant to dexamethasone, melphalan, and doxorubicin. Additional in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated potent synergistic MM cytotoxicity of panobinostat and bortezomib associated with blocking of aggresome and proteosome degradation of ubiquinated protein. Collectively, these data provide a strong rationale for the first clinical trial of this combination in MM patients. The primary objective of this Phase I study is to establish the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of panobinostat with bortezomib in a second-line setting. Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles, and preliminary efficacy of the combination will be assessed as secondary endpoints.. Patients with relapsed MM, who have received at least 1 prior line of therapy, are to be enrolled, if they are suitable for bortezomib therapy and have no primary refractory MM prior exposure to an HDACi, impaired cardiac function, or QTc prolongation. Dose-escalation started at 10 mg of panobinostat (po thrice weekly) in combination with 1 mg/m2 of bortezomib (i.v on Days 1, 4, 8 and 11) over a 21 day cycle. In any cohort, dexamethasone can be added after Cycle 1, in case of worsening disease. A 6-parameter, adaptive Bayesian logistic regression model guides the escalation to MTD with each dose-combination being studied in cohorts of at least 6 patients. At the confirmed MTD, additional patients will be enrolled to obtain further safety and tolerability information. As of 21 July 2008, a total of 14 patients have been enrolled in 2 cohorts: Cohort 1 (10 mg panobinostat + 1.0 mg/m2 bortezomib, n=7,), and Cohort 2 (20 mg panobinostat + 1.0 mg/m2 bortezomib, n=7). Patients are 10 males and 4 females, with median age of 57 (range 46–78). Median number of prior therapies is 3 (range 1–7). All patients had at least one prior auto-SCT, and bortezomib was listed among prior therapies in 8 pts. Disease status included 9/14 pts refractory at entry, defined as progressing within 60 days of last therapy. 1 patient (Cohort 2) with a borderline entry ANC value experienced an early Grade 4 afebrile neutropenia, which met DLT criteria. Grade 3/4 hematological AEs were the most frequent and included anemia in 2 pts, thrombocytopenia in 11 pts, and neutropenia in 3 pts. G-CSF treatment was required by 2 patients. Non-hematological AEs have included lower grade diarrhea and fatigue. To date, with a total of 44 complete cycles received by 14 patients, 1 immunofixation negative (IF-) CR, 1 VGPR, and 3 PR were seen with dexamethasone added at 2nd cycle in 3 of these 5 pts (CR + 2 PR). The IF-CR response in a patient of Cohort 2, in relapse after Auto-SCT and observed after 3 cycles, was determined by negative IF and normalized serum-free light chain ratio (bone marrow evaluation refused by the patient). VGPR was observed in 1 patient in relapse after auto-SCT, after 7 cycles (Cohort 1); therapy was discontinued in Cycle 10 due to Grade 2 weight loss. PR was observed in 3 patients (1 in Cohort 1; 2 in Cohort 2), occurring early on after one to two cycles. 2 of these patients had received prior bortezomib, 1 had been treated with 4 prior lines of therapy, and the other received 6 prior lines of therapy, including autologous and allogeneic SCT, donor lymphocyte infusion, cyclophosphamide/thalidomide, and lenalidomide. These responses, observed at early/low dose levels of the trial drugs, show a potential activity of panobinostat in combination to bortezomib in patients who had not responded to bortezomib. The combination of panobinostat and bortezomib shows promising activity and a good safety profile. Enrollment into Cohort 3 (20 mg panobinostat + 1.3mg/mg/m2 bortezomib) is currently underway. Updated follow-up, as well as new patient data, will be presented.

A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of the Class 1 Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor CHR-3996 in Combination with Tosedostat for Patients with Relapsed, Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Results of the Muk Three Trial

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 3321-3321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Popat ◽  
Sarah R Brown ◽  
Avie-Lee Tillotson ◽  
Fiona Collinson ◽  
Louise M Flanagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Clinical Benefit ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Class 1

Abstract Introduction: Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have demonstrated clinical efficacy in multiple myeloma, particularly in combination with proteasome inhibitors. CHR-3996 is a class 1 selective HDACi with potent anti-myeloma activity in vitro. Aminopeptidase inhibitors act downstream of the proteasome and prevent breakdown of proteasome generated peptides into amino acids. Synergistic cytotoxicity was observed in vitro when CHR-3996 was combined with the aminopeptidase inhibitor, tosedostat through rapid activation of NFkB followed by increased expression of the repressors IκBα, A20, CYLD, BIRC3. The MUK-three study was designed to translate these pre-clinical findings into a phase 1 clinical trial. This dose escalation study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose, safety and preliminary activity of CHR-3996 administered in combination with Tosedostat for patients with relapsed, refractory MM. Here we present the final study results. Methods: MUK-three was an open label multi-centre UK Phase I/IIa trial for patients with relapsed and relapsed/ refractory myeloma who had failed conventional treatments. Patients were permitted to meet the haematological entry criteria using growth factor and/or blood product support. During dose escalation subjects received CHR-3996 (20-40mg days1-28) and Tosedostat (0-60mg days 1-28) (Table 1) every 28 day cycle until disease progression or withdrawal. Dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) were evaluated during cycle 1 and dose escalation followed the 3+3 design. Responses were assessed using modified IMWG uniform response criteria, with the primary endpoint for the expansion phase of stable disease (SD) rate after 4 cycles of therapy. Toxicity was graded by CTCAE V4.0. Results: The trial was open to recruitment from July 2012 to December 2015. 20 patients were treated during dose escalation, including 8 at the recommended dose (RD) and 12 at dose levels (DL) 1-3. Only 1 DLT was observed at DL3 (grade 4 thrombocytopenia); however, this DL was deemed not tolerable due to the high incidence of low grade gastrointestinal toxicities. Hence the RD was determined as DL3b, CHR-3996 20mg and Tosedostat 60mg. A further 2 patients were treated at RD during dose expansion to make the required 10 patients for the protocol defined initial analysis at which point the trial closed. At the RD (n=10) median age was 63 years (range 47-73). 80% of patients had received at least 4 prior lines of therapy (median 4, range 2-9); 50% were ISS II, 30% ISS III; 4/6 patients with evaluable FISH data had 1q gain. The median time from diagnosis to treatment for the overall population was 85.3 months (27.5-198.8). The median number of cycles received was 2.5 (range 2-8) and 2 patients remain on treatment with 8 stopped due to disease progression. The 2 patients ongoing (received 5 & 9 prior lines) had their schedule adjusted to a 5 day a week dosing to further improve tolerability. Both had a clinical response (1MR, 1PR) and remained progression free at 6 months. 3/10 patients had SD after 4 cycles, the overall response rate (≥PR) was 1/10(10%) and the clinical benefit rate (≥MR) 2/10 (20%). Overall outcomes were: PR 10%, MR 10%, and SD 30%. Median time to maximum response was 1.84 months (95% CI [1.09, 8.65]). Toxicities at the RD were manageable, 30% of patients required a dose reduction. 22 serious adverse events were reported in 16 patients across all doses, mainly infections (10/22, 45.5%). The commonest grade 3-4 toxicities reported for all 22 patients were: platelet count decrease (12, 54.5%), white blood cell decreased (6, 27.2%), diarrhoea (5, 22.7%). The most frequent grade 1-2 toxicities were fatigue (15, 68.2%), nausea (14, 63.3 %), anorexia (14, 63.6%), anaemia (13, 59.1%). 1 patient withdrew due to toxicity, and there were no treatment related deaths. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the novel combination of CHR-3996 and tosedostat was safe and tolerable in multiply relapsed, refractory myeloma patients many of which had poor bone marrow function. The recommended dose of the combination was 20mg and 60mg, respectively. Following further adjustment to an intermittent 5 day/ week dosing schedule, treatment was well tolerated and clinical benefit observed. This suggests that further evaluation of this novel combination is warranted. Acknowledgments: This trial was part of the Myeloma UK Clinical Trial Network, ISRCTN: 24989786. Disclosures Williams: Novartis: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Yong:Autolus Ltd: Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties: APRIL based chimeric antigen receptor; Janssen: Research Funding. Cook:Takeda Oncology: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Glycomimetics: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Jenner:Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Morgan:Univ of AR for Medical Sciences: Employment; Bristol Meyers: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Davies:Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria.

Discovery of N-Phenyl-4-(1H-pyrrol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine Derivatives as Potent Mnk2 Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, SAR Analysis, and Evaluation of in vitro Anti-leukaemic Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abdelaziz ◽  
Sarah Diab ◽  
Saiful Islam ◽  
Sunita K.C. Basnet ◽  
Benjamin Noll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Myeloid Cell ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Cell Leukaemia ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Background:Aberrant expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is common in many types of cancer including acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Phosphorylation of eIF4E by MAPK-interacting kinases (Mnks) is essential for the eIF4E-mediated oncogenic activity. As such, the pharmacological inhibition of Mnks can be an effective strategy for the treatment of cancer.Methods:A series of N-phenyl-4-(1H-pyrrol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine derivatives was designed and synthesised. The Mnk inhibitory activity of these derivatives as well as their anti-proliferative activity against MV4-11 AML cells was determined.Results:These compounds were identified as potent Mnk2 inhibitors. Most of them demonstrated potent anti-proliferative activity against MV4-11 AML cells. The cellular mechanistic studies of the representative inhibitors revealed that they reduced the level of phosphorylated eIF4E and induced apoptosis by down-regulating the anti-apoptotic protein myeloid cell leukaemia 1 (Mcl-1) and by cleaving poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP). The lead compound 7k possessed desirable pharmacokinetic properties and oral bioavailability.Conclusion:This work proposes that exploration of the structural diversity in the context of Nphenyl- 4-(1H-pyrrol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine would offer potent and selective Mnk inhibitors.

scholarly journals Circadian clock control of eIF2α phosphorylation is necessary for rhythmic translation initiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (20) ◽  
pp. 10935-10945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanta Karki ◽  
Kathrina Castillo ◽  
Zhaolan Ding ◽  
Olivia Kerr ◽  
Teresa M. Lamb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Eif2α Phosphorylation ◽  
Eif2α Kinase ◽  
The Impact

The circadian clock in eukaryotes controls transcriptional and posttranscriptional events, including regulation of the levels and phosphorylation state of translation factors. However, the mechanisms underlying clock control of translation initiation, and the impact of this potential regulation on rhythmic protein synthesis, were not known. We show that inhibitory phosphorylation of eIF2α (P-eIF2α), a conserved translation initiation factor, is clock controlled in Neurospora crassa, peaking during the subjective day. Cycling P-eIF2α levels required rhythmic activation of the eIF2α kinase CPC-3 (the homolog of yeast and mammalian GCN2), and rhythmic activation of CPC-3 was abolished under conditions in which the levels of charged tRNAs were altered. Clock-controlled accumulation of P-eIF2α led to reduced translation during the day in vitro and was necessary for the rhythmic synthesis of select proteins in vivo. Finally, loss of rhythmic P-eIF2α levels led to reduced linear growth rates, supporting the idea that partitioning translation to specific times of day provides a growth advantage to the organism. Together, these results reveal a fundamental mechanism by which the clock regulates rhythmic protein production, and provide key insights into how rhythmic translation, cellular energy, stress, and nutrient metabolism are linked through the levels of charged versus uncharged tRNAs.

scholarly journals Dual modulation of Ras-Mnk and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways: A Novel c-FLIP inhibitory mechanism of 3-AWA mediated translational attenuation through dephosphorylation of eIF4E

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyaz ur Rasool ◽  
Bilal Rah ◽  
Hina Amin ◽  
Debasis Nayak ◽  
Souneek Chakraborty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Apoptosis Resistance ◽  
Nih3t3 Cells ◽  
Eukaryotic Translation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is considered as a key survival protein involved in cell cycle progression, transformation and apoptosis resistance. Herein, we demonstrate that medicinal plant derivative 3-AWA (from Withaferin A) suppressed the proliferation and metastasis of CaP cells through abrogation of eIF4E activation and expression via c-FLIP dependent mechanism. This translational attenuation prevents the de novo synthesis of major players of metastatic cascades viz. c-FLIP, c-Myc and cyclin D1. Moreover, the suppression of c-FLIP due to inhibition of translation initiation complex by 3-AWA enhanced FAS trafficking, BID and caspase 8 cleavage. Further ectopically restored c-Myc and GFP-HRas mediated activation of eIF4E was reduced by 3-AWA in transformed NIH3T3 cells. Detailed underlying mechanisms revealed that 3-AWA inhibited Ras-Mnk and PI3-AKT-mTOR, two major pathways through which eIF4E converges upon eIF4F hub. In addition to in vitro studies, we confirmed that 3-AWA efficiently suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in different mouse models. Given that 3-AWA inhibits c-FLIP through abrogation of translation initiation by co-targeting mTOR and Mnk-eIF4E, it (3-AWA) can be exploited as a lead pharmacophore for promising anti-cancer therapeutic development.

scholarly journals Hsp90 Binds and Regulates the Ligand-Inducible α Subunit of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor Kinase Gcn2

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 8422-8432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Donzé ◽  
Didier Picard
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Amino Acid Starvation ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Restrictive Temperature ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Macbecin I

ABSTRACT The protein kinase Gcn2 stimulates translation of the yeast transcription factor Gcn4 upon amino acid starvation. Using genetic and biochemical approaches, we show that Gcn2 is regulated by the molecular chaperone Hsp90 in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Specifically, we found that (i) several Hsp90 mutant strains exhibit constitutive expression of a GCN4-lacZ reporter plasmid; (ii) Gcn2 and Hsp90 form a complex in vitro as well as in vivo; (iii) the specific inhibitors of Hsp90, geldanamycin and macbecin I, enhance the association of Gcn2 with Hsp90 and inhibit its kinase activity in vitro; (iv) in vivo, macbecin I strongly reduces the levels of Gcn2; (v) in a strain expressing the temperature-sensitive Hsp90 mutant G170D, both the accumulation and activity of Gcn2 are abolished at the restrictive temperature; and (vi) the Hsp90 cochaperones Cdc37, Sti1, and Sba1 are required for the response to amino acid starvation. Taken together, these data identify Gcn2 as a novel target for Hsp90, which plays a crucial role for the maturation and regulation of Gcn2.

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