scholarly journals A New Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach Fibrinolysis and Hemorrhage

Blood ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 874-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. HEUSON ◽  
W. PEERS ◽  
H. J. TAGNON
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cardiac Massage ◽  
Hemorrhagic Diathesis ◽  
Normal Heart ◽  
Method Of Measurement

Abstract 1. The case is presented of a patient who underwent a cesarean section during which cardiac arrest occurred. Cardiac massage was successful in reestablishing normal heart action. 2. A severe hemorrhagic diathesis associated with fibrinolysis appeared during the period of shock associated with cardiac arrest. 3. The plasma of the patient obtained during the period of fibrinolysis was able to digest its own fibrin as well as a substrate of casein marked with radioactive iodine. 4. A new method of measurement of fibrinolysis based on the use of tagged casein is presented: the main advantage of this method is that the substrate is not contaminated with plasminogen or plasmin. In addition the products of the reaction are measured by their radioactivity. Therefore, the blank and readings in this method depend solely upon the substrate and are not contributed to by the other reagents used. 5. The proteolytic activity of the plasma from a patient with fibrinolysis was shown to be inhibited by the trypsin inhibitor from soy bean. 6. The intravenous injection of trypsin inhibitor in this patient was followed by the disappearance of fibrinolysis in her blood.

Use of Tandem Perimortem Cesarean Section and Open-Chest Cardiac Massage in the Resuscitation of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Cardiac Arrest

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 772-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Adan ◽  
Abhinav Nafday ◽  
Alexander B. Beyer ◽  
Mitchell J. Odom ◽  
Nikhil R. Theyyunni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Massage ◽  
Open Chest ◽  
Perimortem Cesarean Section

scholarly journals Customisation and Desirable Characteristics of a Standard Method of Measurement for Building Works in Ghana

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Nani ◽  
Peter Edwards ◽  
Theophilus Adjei-Kumi ◽  
Edward Badu ◽  
Peter Amoah
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Opinion Survey ◽  
British Standard ◽  
Industry Practice ◽  
Precision Industry ◽  
Method Of Measurement ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

This paper reports a study that identified andcategorised the modifications to the 5thEdition of the British Standard Method ofMeasurement (SMM5) of building works inGhana. Typical modifications involved ‘costinsignificant items’, ‘minor labour items’,‘custom units of measurement’, ‘methodrelated items’, ‘combinable items’,‘subordinate items’, and ‘items of minorinformative impact’. It was also observed thatthe desirable characteristics/ qualities ofstandard methods of measurement (SMM) ofbuilding work were noteworthy, since theyprovide insight into the nature of a SMMrequired for the construction industry inGhana.The research reviewed available literature,various SMMs and bills of quantities (BQs).The relevance of the modifications andSMM characteristics identified wasconfirmed by a survey of the opinions ofprofessional quantity surveyors conductedthrough a carefully designed questionnaire.Inferences from the opinion survey formedthe basis for grouping both SMMmodifications found and the desired qualitiesof a SMM for Ghana.Survey respondents confirmed all theidentified modifications to the British SMM,except for the elimination of items of minorinformative impact. It was held that allinformation was relevant in measurement.Desirable characteristics of a SMM were ratedin decreasing order of relevance as: easylocation of items; cost significance; simplicity;thoroughness; ease of cost analysis; goodpractice; conciseness; adoptability; precision;industry practice; stakeholders’ opinion;custom classification; regional relevance; andinclusion of jargon. It was noted that therelevance of these characteristics may varyform one region to the other as a result oftechnological, cultural and legal differences.However, the desired SMM characteristicswere recommended as fundamental indeveloping an appropriate SMM for Ghana.

scholarly journals Association of gestational weight gain with cesarean section: a prospective birth cohort study in Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lujiao Huang ◽  
Ju Zhang ◽  
Hong Sun ◽  
Hongli Dong ◽  
Run Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Prospective Birth Cohort

Abstract Background Cesarean section (CS) is a rising public health issue globally, and is particularly serious in China. Numerous studies have suggested that gestational weight gain (GWG) control may be an effective way to reduce the rate of CS. However, rare study has examined the association between GWG and CS among women in Southwest China. We proposed to examine their association based on a prospective birth cohort, and further to explore the optimal GWG range. Methods We retrieved data from a prospective birth cohort from Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Southwest China. Unconditional multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between GWG and CS by adjusting for potential confounders. In one analysis, we incorporated the GWG as a categorical variable according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendation, similar to the method used in the majority of previous studies. In the other analysis, we directly incorporated GWG as a continuous variable and natural cubic splines were used to characterize the potential nonlinear exposure-response relationship, aiming to identify the optimal GWG. We further stratified the above analysis by pre-pregnancy BMI and GDM, and then a heterogeneity test based on a multivariate meta-analysis was conducted to examine whether the stratum specific estimations agreed with each other. Results A total of 1363 participants were included. By adopting the IOM recommendation, the adjusted OR of CS was 0.63 (0.47, 0.84) for insufficient GWG and 1.42 (1.06, 1.88) for excessive GWG. After stratification by pre-pregnancy BMI, we found a higher risk of CS in associated with excessive GWG in the stratum of underweight compared with the other strata, which implied that pre-pregnancy BMI may be an effect modifier. By applying a flexible spline regression, the optimal GWG levels in terms of reducing the CS rate based on our data were more stringent than those of IOM recommendation, which were 9–12 kg for underweight women, < 19 kg for normal weight women and < 10 kg for overweight/obese women. Conclusions These results suggested that a more stringent recommendation should be applied in Southwest China, and that more attention should be given to underweight women.

scholarly journals Raw soya-bean flour increases cholecystokinin release in man

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Calam ◽  
Joanna C. Bojarski ◽  
Caroline J. Springer
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oral Ingestion ◽  
Pancreatic Acini ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Releasing Effect ◽  
Cck Release

1. The aim of the present study was to determine whether oral ingestion of raw soya-bean flour, which contains trypsin inhibitors, alters the release of cholecystokinin (CCK) in man.2. Eleven healthy volunteers ate two mixed meals: one with raw soya-bean flour and the other with soya-bean flour that had been heat-treated. The two flours inhibited 34 and 3 mg trypsin/g flour respectively.3. CCK was measured in plasma using a bioassay based on the release of amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) from dispersed rat pancreatic acini.4. The peak CCK response was 168 (SE 8.1) pmol/l with raw soya-bean flour but 4.9 (SE 2.8) pmol/l with heat-treated flour (P < 0.05).5. We conclude that ingestion of raw soya-bean flour increases CCK release in man and that heat treatment which reduces the trypsin inhibitor content of the flour also diminishes its CCK-releasing effect.

Limitations of open-chest cardiac massage after prolonged, untreated cardiac arrest in dogs

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 761-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl B Kern ◽  
Arthur B Sanders ◽  
Wolfgang Janas ◽  
James R Nelson ◽  
Stephen F Badylak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiac Massage ◽  
Open Chest

scholarly journals Head-down tilt position successfully prevent severe brain air embolism

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1880926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaku Yamaguchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Miura ◽  
Eiji Nakajima ◽  
Norihiko Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Cardiac Massage ◽  
Open Chest ◽  
Successful Recovery ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Margin Detection ◽  
Air Embolus

Air embolisms are rare life-threatening complications that develop under various conditions, including surgery. During segmentectomy for thoracic surgery, air is blown into the selected bronchus for segment margin detection. This may result in the formation of an air embolus. Herein, we report a case of successful recovery from sudden intraoperative cardiac arrest due to an air embolism in a patient undergoing left superior division segmentectomy via open thoracotomy. Intraoperatively, the patient was positioned head-down. Upon blowing air into the bronchus, the patient suddenly developed cardiac arrest. Open-chest cardiac massage and low-temperature therapy were commenced and the patient recovered. The head-down position prevents the air embolus from reaching the brain and thus prevents severe brain damage, whereas continuous open-chest massage and low temperature prevents severe body damage from anticipated cardiac air embolism. Thus, operation in the head-down position is useful in preventing severe brain damage from brain air embolisms.

Ventricular fibrillation during uniform myocardial anoxia due to asphyxia

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (5) ◽  
pp. 955-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay D. Coffman ◽  
D. E. Gregg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Serum Potassium Level ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
A Current

Thirty-three anesthetized dogs of varying weights were subjected to complete asphyxia by tracheal occlusion to produce uniform anoxia of the heart. Eleven showed electrocardiographic evidence of ventricular fibrillation while the other twenty-two demonstrated cardiac arrest. The development of ventricular fibrillation correlated with the heavier body and heart weights and with a lower average right atrial serum potassium level as compared to the dogs not fibrillating. Other serum electrolytes, pH, body temperature and sex showed no correlation with the arrhythmia. The importance of the fact that large dogs have a greater susceptibility to develop ventricular fibrillation during uniform anoxia of the heart is discussed in relation to experimental research on dogs and to a current theory of the cause of ventricular fibrillation.

Cardiac Arrest. A Report of Application of External Cardiac Massage on Three Patients

1962 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Sung In Song ◽  
Kwang Won Park ◽  
Hung Kun Oh ◽  
Ian S. Robb
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiac Massage ◽  
External Cardiac Massage

scholarly journals The Analgesic Effects of Bupivacaine and Magnesium Sulfate Combination, Bupivacaine, and Adrenaline Combination and Bupivacaine Alone on Post-cesarean Section Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Zinatossadat Bouzari ◽  
Seyedeh Rabeeh Rouhani ◽  
Ebrahim Alijanpour ◽  
Shahla Yazdani ◽  
Bahman Hasannasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Single Blind

Objectives: The present study was performed to compare the analgesic effects of bupivacaine and magnesium sulfate combination on post-cesarean (C) section pain. Materials and Methods: The present single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 160 C-section candidates. The participants were randomly divided into four groups. When the fascia healed, the first group received 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine and the second group received 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine combined with subcutaneous adrenaline. In addition, both groups received 50 mL of intravenous normal saline. Further, the third group received subcutaneous bupivacaine and 50 mg/kg of magnesium sulfate and the fourth group received subcutaneous and intravenous normal saline as a placebo. The pain intensity was assessed 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after spinal anesthesia using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. The dose of pethidine (as a standard analgesic) and hemodynamic parameters (i.e., heart rate [HR] and blood pressure [BP]) was recorded as well. The obtained data were then analyzed utilizing ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD, and repeated measures ANOVA tests. Results: The intensity of pain and the dose of pethidine decreased significantly in the combination of bupivacaine with magnesium compared to the other groups at all times (P < 0.001). However, diastolic BP significantly increased in the bupivacaine + adrenaline group in comparison with the other groups (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Overall, bupivacaine combination with magnesium sulfate is suitable for controlling post-cesarean section pain.

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