Oral immunization with bacterial extracts for protection against acute bronchitis in elderly institutionalized patients with chronic bronchitis

Background: In 2016, FDA recommended that “serious side effects associated with flouroquinolones generally outweigh the benefits for the patients with acute sinusitis, acute bronchitis and uncomplicated UTI”. Throughout India the most commonly used flouroquinolones for above conditions are Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, and Levofloxacin. In this scenario, the present study was undertaken to monitor, evaluate and compare the adverse effect profile of Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin in acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis patients.Methods: Prospective, observational study done in 200 patients of tertiary care teaching hospital. The patients diagnosed with, acute bronchitis treated with Ciprofloxacin 500mg BD or Ofloxacin 400mg BD for 7 days were included in the study. The study duration was 6 months. ADR causality assessment was done with Naranjo algorithm. Statistical test applied was chi- square test.Results: 63 ADR were reported in Ofloxacin group and 19 ADR in Ciprofloxacin group. Insomnia was most frequent ADR (40%) in patients treated with Ofloxacin. There is high incidence of ADRs in ofloxacin group. chi square test showed this difference is statistically significant (p<0.05). Insomnia was significantly higher in ofloxacin group (p<0.05).Conclusions: In India frequently used and misused antimicrobials are fluoroquinolones. The present study concluded that no serious ADRs but ofloxacin group of patients have shown increased incidence of ADRs associated with CNS especially Insomnia. However, further large scale, multi-centric studies are needed to confirm these results.

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A Comparative Study of Miraxid (Pivmecillinam plus Pivampicillin) and Augmentin (Amoxycillin plus Clavulanic Acid) in the Treatment of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in General Practice

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/030006058601400505 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 254-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

D McGhie ◽

P Kerfoot ◽

D J Talbot

Keyword(s):

General Practice ◽

Clavulanic Acid ◽

Chronic Bronchitis ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Acute Bronchitis ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Acute Exacerbations ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Single Blind

Two treatments, a) pivmecillinam 200 mg plus pivampicillin 250 mg (Miraxid*) given twice-daily and b) amoxycillin 250 mg plus clavulanic acid 125 mg (Augmentin*) given three times daily were compared in two parallel groups of 388 general practice patients with acute bronchitis or acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Patients with acute bronchitis (140 on Miraxid, 144 on Augmentin) received a 7-day course of treatment and those with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (55 on Miraxid, 49 on Augmentin) a 10-day course of treatment. Both treatments were equally effective, with 99 (71%) patients with acute bronchitis being successfully treated with Miraxid and 107 (74%) with Augmentin. In acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, Miraxid was successful in 29 (53%) patients and Augmentin in 24 (49%) patients. Side-effects were reported by 26 (12%) of patients in both treatment groups. This single blind multicentre general practice study comparing twice-daily Miraxid with 3 times daily Augmentin demonstrated that both treatments were equally effective clinically and equally well tolerated.

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D1namics of the content of histamine, serotonin, catecholamines of bronchi mucous membranes in acute bronchitis of the lingering course

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj70088 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 247-249

Author(s):

E. G. Artemyeva ◽

E. A. Lisitsin ◽

A. M. Sveklov

Keyword(s):

Chronic Bronchitis ◽

Alveolar Macrophages ◽

Acute Bronchitis ◽

The Other ◽

Apud Cells ◽

Pathologic Process ◽

Additional Criterion ◽

Mucous Membranes ◽

The One ◽

Healthy Persons

The results of examination and treatment of 30 patients with acute bronchitis of the lingering course are presented. It is established that the level of histamine and serotonin in alveolar macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophiles, APUD-cells is reliably higher and the content of catecholamines is lower than in healthy persons. The indicators given can be used as an additional criterion of the pathologic process activity on the one hand as well as a sign of transforming acute bronchitis of the lingering course into chronic bronchitis on the other hand.

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