scholarly journals Life-course socioeconomic disadvantage and lung function: a multicohort study of 70 496 individuals

2020 ◽  
pp. 2001600
Author(s):  
Vânia Rocha ◽  
Sílvia Fraga ◽  
Carla Moreira ◽  
Cristian Carmeli ◽  
Alexandra Lenoir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Occupational Position ◽  
Individual Level

BackgroundLung function is an important predictor of health and a marker of physical functioning at older ages. This study aimed to quantify the years of lung function lost according to disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions across life-course.MethodsThis multicohort study used harmonised individual-level data from six European cohorts with information on life-course socioeconomic disadvantage and lung function assessed by FEV1 and FVC. 70496 participants (51% women) aged 18–93 years were included. Socioeconomic disadvantage was measured in early life (low paternal occupational position), early adulthood (low educational level), and adulthood (low occupational position). Risk factors for poor lung function (e.g., smoking, obesity, sedentary behaviour, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases) were included as potential mediators. The years of lung function lost due to socioeconomic disadvantage were computed at each life stage.ResultsSocioeconomic disadvantage during life-course was associated with a lower FEV1. By age 45, individuals experiencing disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions had lost 4 to 5 years of healthy lung function versus their more advantaged counterparts (low educational level: −4.36 [95% CI −7.33; −2.37] for men and −5.14 [−10.32; −2.71] for women; low occupational position: −5.62 [−7.98; −4.90] for men and −4.32 [−13.31; −2.27] for women), after accounting for the risk factors for lung function. By ages 65 and 85, the years lung function lost due to socioeconomic disadvantage decreased by 2 to 4 years, depending on the socioeconomic indicator. Sensitivity analysis using FVC yielded similar results to those using FEV1.ConclusionLife-course socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with lower lung function and predicts a significant number of years of lung function loss in adulthood and older ages.

scholarly journals Association between area-level education and the co-occurrence of behavior-related risk factors: a multilevel analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Fernando Boing ◽  
SV Subramanian ◽  
Alexandra Crispim Boing
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Unhealthy Eating

ABSTRACT: Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the association of four different risk factors for chronic diseases and accumulation of these health behaviors with area-level education, regardless of individual-level characteristics in Brazil. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Southern Brazil including 1,720 adults in 2009/2010. The simultaneous occurrence of tobacco smoking, abusive drinking, unhealthy eating habits, and physical inactivity was investigated. Using multilevel models, we tested whether area-level education was associated with each risk factor and with the co-occurrence of them after controlling sociodemographic individual-level variables. Results: We observed a between-group variance of 7.79, 7.11, 6.84 and 1.08% for physical inactivity, problematic use of alcohol, unhealthy eating habits, and smoking, respectively. The between-group variance for the combination of four behaviors was 14.2%. Area-level education explained a significant proportion of the variance observed in physical inactivity and unhealthy eating habits. Residents of low educational level neighborhoods showed a 2.40 (95%CI 1.58 - 3.66) times higher chance of unhealthy eating and 1.78 (95%CI 1.19 - 2.67) times higher chance of physical inactivity. The likelihood of individuals with two or three/four risk factors was simultaneously higher among residents of low educational level neighborhoods. Conclusion: Public policies should consider the area-level characteristics, including education to control risk factors for chronic diseases.

Adult height and lung function as markers of life course exposures: Associations with risk factors and cause-specific mortality

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 795-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. David Batty ◽  
David Gunnell ◽  
Claudia Langenberg ◽  
George Davey Smith ◽  
Michael G. Marmot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Specific Mortality

Risk factors and biomarkers of low lung function in early adulthood in the Lifelines study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Núria Olvera Ocaña ◽  
Àlvar Agustí ◽  
Sandra Casas ◽  
Judith M. Vonk ◽  
Tamara Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Early Adulthood

The Unique Experience of Caregivers Based on Their Life Stage and Relationship to the Patient

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Kristin Litzelman
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cancer Caregivers ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Cancer Caregiving

Although caregivers are often thought of as middle-aged or older adults, cancer caregiving spans the life course. This chapter discusses the unique challenges of cancer caregiving across the life course—early adulthood (18–44 years of age); middle age (45–64 years); and older age (adults 65 years and older)—using data from the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and evidence from the extant literature. More than 4 in 10 cancer caregivers were in early adulthood. Another 4 in 10 were in middle age, and nearly 2 in 10 were in older adulthood. Normative developmental patterns differ at each life stage, with implications for supporting cancer caregivers in clinical and policy settings. Future research embracing a nuanced view of caregiving across the life course and across relationship type will enhance the ability to care for caregivers and improve cancer survivor and caregiver well-being.

scholarly journals Life-course risk factors are associated with activity of daily living disability in older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Macinko ◽  
Juliana Vaz de Melo Mambrini ◽  
Fabíola Bof de Andrade ◽  
Flavia Cristina Drumond Andrade ◽  
Gabriela E Lazalde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Predicted Probability ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Multiple risk factors accumulate over the life-course and contribute to higher rates of disability at older ages. This study investigates whether three life-course risk factors (low educational attainment, poor health in childhood and multimorbidity) are associated with increased risk of disability [defined as any limitation in basic activities of daily living (BADL)] in older adults and whether this relationship is moderated by the national socioeconomic context, measured by the Human Development Index (HDI). Methods Data include 100 062 adults (aged 50 and over) participating in longitudinal studies of aging conducted in 19 countries. Analyses include multivariable Poisson models with robust standard errors to assess the associations between HDI, life-course risk factors and other individual-level control variables (sex and age) with any BADL disability. Results In country-specific analyses, both educational attainment and multimorbidity are independently associated with disability in nearly every country. The interaction between these risk factors further increases the magnitude of this association. In pooled regression analyses, the relationship between life-course risk factors and disability is moderated by a country’s HDI. For individuals with all three life-course risk factors, the predicted probability of disability ranged from 36.7% in the lowest HDI country to 21.8% in the highest HDI country. Conclusions Social and health system policies directed toward reducing the development of life-course risk factors are essential to reduce disability in all countries, but are even more urgently needed in those with lower levels of socioeconomic development.

Perceived Risk of Developing Diabetes in Early Adulthood: Beliefs about Inherited and Behavioral Risk Factors across the Life Course

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin B. Dickerson ◽  
Matthew Lee Smith ◽  
Erica Sosa ◽  
E. Lisako McKyer ◽  
Marcia G. Ory
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
The Life Course

scholarly journals Life-Course Circumstances and Frailty in Old Age Within Different European Welfare Regimes: A Longitudinal Study With SHARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1326-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Wilhelmina Antonia Van Der Linden ◽  
Stefan Sieber ◽  
Boris Cheval ◽  
Dan Orsholits ◽  
Idris Guessous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Occupational Position ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to assess whether cumulative disadvantage in childhood misfortune and adult-life socioeconomic conditions influence the risk of frailty in old age and whether welfare regimes influence these associations. Method Data from 23,358 participants aged 50 years and older included in the longitudinal SHARE survey were used. Frailty was operationalized according to Fried’s phenotype as presenting either weakness, shrinking, exhaustion, slowness, or low activity. Confounder-adjusted mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to analyze associations of childhood misfortune and life-course socioeconomic conditions with frailty. Results Childhood misfortune and poor adult-life socioeconomic conditions increased the odds of (pre-)frailty at older age. With aging, differences narrowed between categories of adverse childhood experiences (driven by Scandinavian welfare regime) and adverse childhood health experiences (driven by Eastern European welfare regime), but increased between categories of occupational position (driven by Bismarckian welfare regime). Discussion These findings suggest that childhood misfortune is linked to frailty in old age. Such a disadvantaged start in life does not seem to be compensated by a person’s life-course socioeconomic trajectory, though certain types of welfare regimes affected this relationship. Apart from main occupational position, our findings do not support the cumulative dis/advantage theory, but rather show narrowing differences.

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