scholarly journals Chromosome rearrangements, recombination suppression, and limited segregation distortion in hybrids between Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl O Ostberg ◽  
Lorenz Hauser ◽  
Victoria L Pritchard ◽  
John C Garza ◽  
Kerry A Naish
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Segregation Distortion ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Chromosome Rearrangements ◽  
Recombination Suppression ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout

Morphological and swimming stamina differences between Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and their hybrids

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M Seiler ◽  
Ernest R Keeley
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Swimming Ability ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout

We hypothesized that body shape differences between Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and their hybrids may influence swimming ability and thus play an important role in the invasion of nonnative rainbow trout and hybrid trout into native cutthroat trout populations. We reared Yellowstone cutthroat trout, rainbow trout, and reciprocal hybrid crosses in a common environment and conducted sustained swimming trials in order to test for genetically based morphological and swimming stamina differences. Linear and geometric morphometric analyses identified differences in body shape, with cutthroat trout having slender bodies and small caudal peduncles and rainbow trout having deep bodies and long caudal peduncles. Hybrid crosses were morphologically intermediate to the parental genotypes, with a considerable maternal effect. Consistent with morphological differences, cutthroat trout had the lowest sustained swimming velocity and rainbow trout had the highest sustained swimming velocity. Sustained swimming ability of hybrid genotypes was not different from that of rainbow trout. Our results suggest that introduced rainbow trout and cutthroat-rainbow trout hybrids potentially out-compete native Yellowstone cutthroat trout through higher sustained swimming ability.

Abiotic conditions are unlikely to mediate hybridization between invasive rainbow trout and native Yellowstone cutthroat trout in a high-elevation metapopulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1433-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt C. Heim ◽  
Thomas E. McMahon ◽  
Steven T. Kalinowski ◽  
Brian D. Ertel ◽  
Todd M. Koel
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout

Understanding factors mediating hybridization between native and invasive species is crucial for conservation. We assessed the spatial distribution of hybridization between invasive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and native Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouveri) in the Lamar River of Yellowstone National Park using a paired telemetry and genetic dataset. Spawning populations containing hybrids (15/30) occupied the full spectrum of abiotic conditions in the watershed (stream temperature, stream size, runoff timing), including an intermittent stream that dried completely in late June, and mainstem spawning locations. Hybrids and rainbow trout occupied an entire high-elevation (∼2500–1900 m) tributary where rainbow trout ancestry was highest in headwaters and decreased downstream. Fluvial distance to this ostensible source population was the only covariate included in top hybridization models; effects of abiotic covariates and stocking intensity were relatively weak. In this watershed, abiotic conditions are unlikely to mediate continued hybridization. We conclude that management intervention is important for the persistence of nonhybridized Yellowstone cutthroat trout and highlight the value of pairing telemetry with genetic analysis to identify and characterize populations for hybridization assessments.

scholarly journals Hybridization of Snake River Cutthroat in the Lower Gros Ventre River

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Ryan Kovach ◽  
Lisa Eby
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Snake River ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarki ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Water Diversions ◽  
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Special Concern

The cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki is Wyoming's only native trout. The Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri) is designated as a "species of special concern" by a number of agencies and conservation groups. Although the Yellowstone cutthroat trout has recently avoided federal listing because of robust headwater populations (USFWS 2006), they face continued threats across their range. The fine-spotted Snake River native trout is a morphologically divergent ecotype of the Yellowstone subspecies, although it is not genetically distinguishable (Allendorf and Leary 1988, Novak et al. 2005). The Gros Ventre, an important tributary of the Snake River located partially in Grand Teton National Park, historically supported robust populations of fine­ spotted Snake River cutthroat trout. Principal threats to Gros Ventre native trout, especially in the lower end of the drainage within the park boundaries, include both water diversions (loss of water and fish into irrigation ditches) and presence of exotic species.

Greater predation by Double-crested Cormorants on cutthroat versus rainbow trout fingerlings stocked in a Wyoming river

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 1984-1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R Lovvorn ◽  
Daniel Yule ◽  
Clayton E Derby
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Phalacrocorax Auritus ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Platte River ◽  
The North ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarki Bouvieri ◽  
Pelecanus Erythrorhynchos ◽  
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout

We studied the relative vulnerability of Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri) versus rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) stocked as fingerlings in the North Platte River, Wyoming, to Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) predation. Cutthroat fingerlings decreased as a fraction of the population from stocking in late June to electrofishing surveys in the following October and March. In contrast, the fraction of cutthroat fingerlings among tagged fingerlings eaten by cormorants collected on the river was significantly greater than that in the population when originally stocked. More limited data from pellets regurgitated by adult cormorants at a nearby colony and in American White Pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) collected on the river showed the same trend toward greater percentages of cutthroat trout being consumed than were present among trout stocked. There were no differences in cormorant predation rates on the Eagle Lake strain of rainbow trout reared under shaded versus partially shaded conditions, or between Auburn and Bar BC strains of Snake River (Yellowstone) cutthroat trout. On the North Platte River, cutthroat trout fingerlings were more susceptible to cormorant predation than rainbow trout of similar size that were stocked simultaneously.

The interactive effects of stream temperature, stream size, and non-native species on Yellowstone cutthroat trout

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Al-Chokhachy ◽  
Mike Lien ◽  
Bradley B. Shepard ◽  
Brett High
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Stream Temperature ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Stream Size ◽  
Native Salmonids

Climate change and non-native species are considered two of the biggest threats to native salmonids in North America. We evaluated how non-native salmonids and stream temperature and discharge were associated with Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri) distribution, abundance, and body size, to gain a more complete understanding of the existing threats to native populations. Allopatric Yellowstone cutthroat trout were distributed across a wide range of average August temperatures (3.2 to 17.7ºC), but occurrence significantly declined at colder temperatures (<10 ºC) with increasing numbers of non-natives. At warmer temperatures occurrence remained high, despite sympatry with non-natives. Yellowstone cutthroat trout relative abundance was significantly reduced with increasing abundance of non-natives, with the greatest impacts at colder temperatures. Body sizes of large Yellowstone cutthroat trout (90th percentile) significantly increased with warming temperatures and larger stream size, highlighting the importance of access to these more productive stream segments. Considering multiple population-level attributes demonstrates the complexities of how native salmonids (such as Yellowstone cutthroat trout) are likely to be affected by shifting climates.

Cutthroat Trout: Evolutionary Biology and Taxonomy

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Westslope Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Coastal Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Lahontan Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Museum Samples ◽  
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout ◽  
The 1960S

<em>Abstract</em>.—There has been considerable interest in the systematics and classification of Cutthroat Trout since the 1800s. Cutthroat Trout native to western North America (currently classified as <em>Oncorhynchus clarkii</em>) have historically been grouped or separated using many different classification schemes. Since the 1960s, Robert Behnke has been a leader in these efforts. Introductions of nonnative trout (other forms of Cutthroat Trout, and Rainbow Trout <em>O. mykiss</em>) have obscured some historical patterns of distribution and differentiation. Morphological and meristic analyses have often grouped the various forms of Cutthroat Trout together based on the shared presence of the “cutthroat mark,” high scale counts along the lateral line, and the presence of basibranchial teeth. Spotting patterns and counts of gill rakers and pyloric caeca have in some cases been helpful in differentiation of groups (e.g., Coastal Cutthroat Trout <em>O. c. clarkii</em>, Lahontan Cutthroat Trout <em>O. c. henshawi</em>, and Westslope Cutthroat Trout <em>O. c. lewisi</em>) currently classified as subspecies. The historical genetic methods of allozyme genotyping through protein electrophoresis and chromosome analyses were often helpful in differentiating the various subspecies of Cutthroat Trout. Allozyme genotyping allowed four major groups to be readily recognized (Coastal Cutthroat Trout, Westslope Cutthroat Trout, the Lahontan Cutthroat Trout subspecies complex, and Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout <em>O. c. bouvieri </em>subspecies complex) while chromosome analyses showed similarity between the Lahontan and Yellowstone Cutthroat trout subspecies complex trout (possibly reflecting shared ancestral type) and differentiated the Coastal and Westslope Cutthroat trouts from each other and those two groups. DNA results may yield higher resolution of evolutionary relationships of Cutthroat Trout and allow incorporation of ancient museum samples. Accurate resolution of taxonomic differences among various Cutthroat Trout lineages, and hybridization assessments, requires several approaches and will aid in conservation of these charismatic and increasingly rare native fishes.

Cutthroat Trout: Evolutionary Biology and Taxonomy

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Southern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Green Lineage

<em>Abstract</em>.—One objective of systematics is to recognize species in a manner that minimizes the disparity between species as real entities in nature and species as a Linnaean category. Reconciliation requires a conceptualization of species consistent with evolutionary processes that yields predictive delimitation criteria. Here we review the unified species concept (USC) and its associated delimitation criteria as a prelude to revising the taxonomy of Cutthroat Trout <em>Oncorhynchus clarkii</em>. Additionally, in the context of the conceptualizing species as a separately evolving metapopulation, we briefly review how climate change may have influenced the connectivity and isolation of Cutthroat Trout within and among river basins, with a focus mainly on the Cutthroat Trout of the Southern Rocky Mountains. We summarize evidence based on delimitation criteria that distinguishes Rainbow Trout <em>O. mykiss</em> and Cutthroat Trout, Gila Trout<em> O. gilae </em>and Rainbow Trout, and blue lineage and green lineage Cutthroat Trout from the Southern Rocky Mountains. We advocate adopting the USC as a guide for taxonomic revision of Cutthroat Trout, recommend eliminating subspecies as a valid taxonomic designation, and expect—based on our evaluation of three pairs of species—that the taxonomy of Cutthroat Trout will be revised in ways that elevate some recognized subspecies to species status.

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