Attitudes toward concordance in psychiatry: a comparative, cross-sectional study of psychiatric patients and mental health professionals

Aims and methodTo assess the patients' most influential concerns regarding long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) and mental health professionals' preconceptions about these concerns. For both groups, to assess the level of knowledge about LAIs. This cross-sectional study used semi-structured interviews of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (n = 164), nurses (n = 43) and physicians (n = 20).ResultsThe mental health professionals overestimated many of the patients' fears of LAIs, and the expressed fears exceeded the actual experiences of patients already on LAIs. Acceptance to switch to LAIs was associated with shorter time from diagnosis. Nurses and patients disclosed limited knowledge of antipsychotics.Clinical implicationsPhysicians and nurses should aim to identify the individual patient's concerns about LAIs in the discussion about choice of antipsychotic treatment early in the course of illness.

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Spirituality, moral injury and mental health among Chinese health professionals

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2021.972 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Zhizhong Wang ◽

Faten Al Zaben ◽

Harold G. Koenig ◽

Yuanlin Ding

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Mainland China ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Moral Injury ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Causal Nature ◽

The Relationship

Background Moral injury has been found to be prevalent among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 public health crisis. Aims The present study examines the relationship between spirituality, moral injury, and mental health among physicians and nurses in mainland China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method An online cross-sectional study was conducted involving 3006 physicians and nurses in mainland China, where the COVID-19 pandemic has caused high rates of hospital admission and death. The Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Health Professional was administered, along with measures of mental health and spirituality. Hierarchical linear regression modelling was used to examine the mediating and moderating role of moral injury in the relationship between spirituality and mental health. Results Spirituality was positively correlated with moral injury (β = 2.41, P < 0.01), depressive symptoms (β = 0.74, P < 0.01) and anxiety symptoms (β = 0.65, P < 0.01) after controlling sociodemographic variables. Moral injury significantly mediated the relationship between spirituality and both depression and anxiety, explaining 60% (0.46/0.76) of the total association between spirituality and depression and 58% (0.38/0.65) of the association with anxiety. No moderating effect of moral injury was found on the spirituality–mental health relationship. Conclusions Although they were the findings of a cross-sectional study, these results suggest that concern over transgressing moral values during the pandemic may have been a driving factor for negative mental health symptoms among Chinese health professionals for whom spirituality was somewhat important. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine the causal nature of these relationships.

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Relapse and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Bipolar Disorders in Central Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Psychiatry Journal ◽

10.1155/2020/8986014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Habte Belete ◽

Tilahun Ali ◽

Getasew Legas ◽

Lenin Pavon

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Bipolar Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Central Ethiopia

Background. Bipolar disorder is a severe mental illness and has huge morbidity and mortality. Relapse is a challenging treatment failure in patients with mental illness, especially in patients with bipolar which causes high economic and social burdens. In the mental health delivery system, relapse is common and can be defined as becoming ill again after apparent recovery and a worsening condition of psychiatric patients. Due to psychiatric patients that may stop medication on their own in contrary to the advice of mental health professionals, relapse of mood episodes, delayed remission, and residual symptoms usually leads to hospitalization, increased suicide risk, and/or impede psychosocial recover. Therefore, understanding the nature of relapse in patients in low-income countries helps to prevent recurrence and related health care expenses. Objective. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with relapse among patients with bipolar disorders in central Ethiopia. Method. Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2015 at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. Relapse was calculated among 400 samples of people with bipolar disorder, and systematic random sampling was used to select the study participants. Oslo’s social support scale and ASSIST were used to identify factors with relapse, and a binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis model was performed to control the confounding factors. Odds ratios (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were determined to evaluate the strength of association. Results. The prevalence of relapse was 71% among patients with bipolar disorder. The longer morbidity (longer than 5 years) had a higher risk of relapse [ adjusted odd ratio AOR = 3.91 , 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.44 to 6.27], while good medication adherence found to be a protective factor for relapse [ AOR = 0.39 , 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.72]. Conclusion. The prevalence of relapse was found pretty high among patients with bipolar disorders (71%). Working on treatment adherence and controlling the psychopathology is important to prevent relapse among bipolar patients.

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Mental health literacy among undergraduate students of a Saudi tertiary institution: a cross-sectional study

Mental Illness ◽

10.1108/mi.2016.6806 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 35-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mohamed S. Mahfouz ◽

Abdulwahab Aqeeli ◽

Anwar M. Makeen ◽

Ramzi M. Hakami ◽

Hatim H. Najmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Mentally Ill ◽

Mental Health Literacy ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

The issue of mental health literacy has been widely studied in developed countries, with few studies conducted in Arab countries. In this study we aimed to investigate mental health literacy and attitudes towards psychiatric patients among students of Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students using a validated Arabic-version questionnaire. A total of 557 students were recruited from different Jazan university colleges. The majority of students (90.3%) have intermediate mental health literacy. Regarding the etiology of mental illness, students agreed that genetic inheritance (45.8%), poor quality of life (65%) and social relationship weakness (73.1%) are the main causes of mental illness. The majority thought that mentally ill people are not capable of true friendships (52.5%) and that anyone can suffer from a mental illness (49.4%). Students' attitudes towards psychiatric patients were mixed, with 68.7% reporting that they could maintain a friendship with a mentally ill person and that people with mental illness should have the same rights as anyone else (82.5%). Mental health literacy among university students was intermediate. There is an urgent need for health educational programs to change the attitudes of students regarding this important health issue.

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