scholarly journals Land usage attributed to corn ethanol production in the United States: sensitivity to technological advances in corn grain yield, ethanol conversion, and co-product utilization

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita H Mumm ◽  
Peter D Goldsmith ◽  
Kent D Rausch ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethanol Conversion ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Land Usage ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

Ethanol

2020 ◽  
pp. 274-319
Author(s):  
Paul F. Meier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Federal Subsidies ◽  
Corn Grain

This chapter examines the use of biomass to make ethanol, or bioethanol, as a transportation fuel. Biomass is defined as any organic material that can be used as a fuel. However, in the United States and Brazil, the two countries that dominate the bioethanol market, most ethanol is produced from corn grain (United States) or sugarcane (Brazil). There has also been research and some commercial trials using cellulosic material, such as corn stover, switchgrass, and sugarcane bagasse, to produce ethanol, but the approach is hindered by high capital and operating costs. In the United States, more than 35% of the total corn production goes towards ethanol production and ethanol makes up about 10% of the gasoline market. Since 2007, the gallons of ethanol produced has more than doubled, and much of this growth has been driven by federal subsidies and mandates.

Response of Corn Grain Yield to Spatial and Temporal Variability in Emergence

Crop Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Liu ◽  
Matthijs Tollenaar ◽  
Greg Stewart ◽  
William Deen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

Origins and consequences of economic globalization: moving beyond a flawed orthodoxy

2021 ◽  
pp. 135406612098342
Author(s):  
Syed Javed Maswood
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Network ◽  
New Production ◽  
Supply Chain Networks ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Liberal Trade

Contemporary economic globalization is typically seen as a product of both trade and economic liberalization after the Second World War and of technological advances that have made it possible to overcome coordination and management of geographically dispersed production units. Trade liberalization and technological advances were certainly important variables, but I argue that it was neo-protectionist American policies of the early 1980s that provided the initial catalyst for globally networked production processes. American protectionism encouraged Japanese investment in the United States that allowed US car manufacturers to learn the essentials of network manufacturing as practiced by Japanese transplants in the United States. In the next stage of global network manufacturing, liberal trade played a much more pivotal role because the global supply chains could not obviously be maintained without liberal trade. In this paper, I also discuss the likelihood of a reversal and suggest that globalization is unlikely to reversed in a significant way. Liberal trade is essential to the integrity of global supply chain networks, but these new production processes have themselves created a firewall against future systemic protectionism.

scholarly journals The Economic Effects of COVID-19 on the Producers of Ethanol, Corn, Gasoline, and Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Schmitz ◽  
Charles B. Moss ◽  
Troy G. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
The United States ◽  
Welfare Economic ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Empirical Estimation ◽  
Total Oil

AbstractThe COVID-19 crisis created large economic losses for corn, ethanol, gasoline, and oil producers and refineries both in the United States and worldwide. We extend the theory used by Schmitz, A., C. B. Moss, and T. G. Schmitz. 2007. “Ethanol: No Free Lunch.” Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization 5 (2): 1–28 as a basis for empirical estimation of the effect of COVID-19. We estimate, within a welfare economic cost-benefit framework that, at a minimum, the producer cost in the United States for these four sectors totals $176.8 billion for 2020. For U.S. oil producers alone, the cost was $151 billion. When world oil is added, the costs are much higher, at $1055.8 billion. The total oil producer cost is $1.03 trillion, which is roughly 40 times the effect on U.S. corn, ethanol, and gasoline producers, and refineries. If the assumed unemployment effects from COVID-19 are taken into account, the total effect, including both producers and unemployed workers, is $212.2 billion, bringing the world total to $1266.9 billion.

Assessing the impact of agricultural field traffic on corn grain yield using remote sensing and machine learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 104880
Author(s):  
Sami Khanal ◽  
Andrew Klopfenstein ◽  
Kushal KC ◽  
Venkatesh Ramarao ◽  
John Fulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

GRAIN YIELD COMPARISON OF PURE STANDS AND MIXTURES OF DIFFERENT PROPORTIONS FOR TWO HYBRIDS OF MAIZE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. HOEKSTRA ◽  
L. W. KANNENBERG ◽  
B. R. CHRISTIE
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

The objective of this study was to determine the effects on grain yield of growing cultivars in mixtures of different proportions. Two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids, Pride 116 and United 106, were grown for 2 yr in pure stand and in seven mixtures of different proportions (7:1, 6:2, 5:3, 4:4, 3:5, 2:6, 1:7) at plant densities of 61 500, 99 400, and 136 000 plants per hectare. The total number of mixture combinations was 42, i.e. 2 years × three densities × seven proportions. All but one mixture yielded as expected based on the yield of component hybrids in pure stand. The higher yielding hybrid (United 106) yielded significantly less grain per plant in mixtures than in pure stand. The lower yielding hybrid (Pride 116) yielded more in mixtures than in pure stand, although the difference was not significant. These data support previous observations that the ability of a hybrid to yield in pure stands is not necessarily related to its ability to yield in mixtures. High plant densities appear to enhance the likelihood of interactions occurring among hybrids. For United 106, the number of proportions yielding less grain per plant than in pure stand was highly significant at the two higher plant densities. For Pride 116, the number of proportions yielding more than in pure stand was highly significant at the highest plant density.Key words: Corn, grain yield, mixtures of different proportions, high plant densities, Zea mays

scholarly journals Co-Occurrence of 35 Mycotoxins: A Seven-Year Survey of Corn Grain and Corn Silage in the United States

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Alexandra C. Weaver ◽  
Daniel M. Weaver ◽  
Nicholas Adams ◽  
Alexandros Yiannikouris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Corn Grain

Mycotoxins contaminate crops worldwide and play a role in animal health and performance. Multiple mycotoxins may co-occur which may increase the impact on the animal. To assess the multiple mycotoxin profile of corn (Zea mays), we conducted a 7-year survey of new crop corn grain and silage in the United States. A total of 711 grain and 1117 silage samples were collected between 2013 and 2019 and analyzed for the simultaneous presence of 35 mycotoxins using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The measured mean number of mycotoxins per sample were 4.8 (grain) and 5.2 (silage), ranging from 0 to 13. Fusaric acid (FA) was most frequently detected in 78.1 and 93.8% of grains and silages, respectively, followed by deoxynivalenol (DON) in 75.7 and 88.2% of samples. Fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15ADON) followed. The greatest (p < 0.05) co-occurrence was between FA and DON in 59.1% of grains and 82.7% of silages, followed by FA with FB1, DON with 15ADON, and FA with 15ADON. Although many samples had lower mycotoxin concentrations, 1.6% (grain) and 7.9% (silage) of tested samples had DON ≥ 5000 µg/kg. Fumonisins were detected ≥ 10,000 µg/kg in 9.6 and 3.9% of grain and silage samples, respectively. Concentrations in grain varied by year for eight mycotoxin groups (p < 0.05), while all 10 groups showed yearly variations in silage. Our survey suggest that multiple mycotoxins frequently co-occur in corn grain and silage in the Unites States, and some of the more prevalent mycotoxins are those that may not be routinely analyzed (i.e., FA and 15ADON). Assessment of multiple mycotoxins should be considered when developing management programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document