Studying the effect of vitamin D supplementation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients who have experienced loss of bone mineral density over time

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Peters
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Alendronate Improves Bone Mineral Density in Children and Adolescents Perinatally Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus With Low Bone Mineral Density for Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1281-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise L Jacobson ◽  
Jane C Lindsey ◽  
Catherine Gordon ◽  
Rohan Hazra ◽  
Hans Spiegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Infected

Abstract Background Children and adolescents with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and with low bone mineral density (BMD) may be at higher risk of osteoporosis and fractures in later life than their uninfected peers. Bisphosphonate therapy has been shown to reduce fractures in adults with osteoporosis, but has not been formally studied in youths living with HIV. Methods Fifty-two children and adolescents (aged 11–24 years) perinatally infected with HIV with low lumbar spine (LS) BMD (Z score < −1.5) were randomized to receive once-weekly alendronate or placebo in a double-blind cross-over study designed to assess the safety and efficacy of 48 and 96 weeks of alendronate in the United States and Brazil. All participants received daily calcium carbonate and vitamin D supplementation and were asked to engage in regular weight-bearing exercise. Safety and efficacy are summarized for the initial 48 weeks of the trial. Results Grade 3 or higher abnormal laboratory values, signs, or symptoms developed in 5 of 32 (16%) participants on alendronate and 2 of 18 (11%) on placebo (P > .99). No cases of jaw osteonecrosis, atrial fibrillation, or nonhealing fractures were reported. Mean increases (95% confidence interval) in LS BMD over 48 weeks were significantly larger on alendronate (20% [14%–25%]) than placebo (7% [5%–9%]) (P < .001). Similar improvements were seen for whole body BMD. Conclusions In this small study in children and adolescents perinatally infected with HIV with low LS BMD, 48 weeks of alendronate was well-tolerated, showed no safety concerns, and significantly improved LS and whole body BMD compared to participants on vitamin D/calcium supplementation and exercise alone. Clinical Trials Registration NCT00921557.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density at age 7 years does not associate with adherence to vitamin D supplementation guidelines in infancy or vitamin D status in pregnancy and childhood: An Odense Child Cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Signe Monrad Nørgaard ◽  
Christine Dalgård ◽  
Malene Søborg Heidemann ◽  
Anders Jørgen Schou ◽  
Henrik Thybo Christesen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
High Adherence ◽  
Bone Mineralisation ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Vitamin D supplementation in infancy is recommended to prevent rickets. At the population level, its effects on bone mineralisation are largely unknown. We aimed to explore whether adherence to national vitamin D supplementation guidelines (10 µg/day up to age 2 years), supplementation at ages 5 and 7 years, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) at various time points associated with bone mineral density (BMD) at age 7 years in the Odense Child Cohort, Denmark (n=1,194). High adherence was defined as supplementation with 10 µg vitamin D 6-7 times per week during ≥ 80 % of the observation time. S-25(OH)D was analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Total-body-less-head (TBLH) BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. At median age 18.1 months, 53.9 % (n=475/881) reported high adherence. The median s-25(OH)D was 64.7, 78.8, 46.0, and 71.8 nmol/l in early pregnancy, late pregnancy, cord blood, and at 5 years, respectively. The mean (SD) TBLH BMD at median age 7.1 years was 0.613 (0.049) g/cm2 (z-score +0.363 (0.824)). In adjusted analyses, vitamin D supplementation up to 18 months, and at 5 and 7 years, was not associated with TBLH BMD. Similarly, no robust associations were found between TBLH BMD and s-25(OH)D at any time point. No associations were found for TBLH bone mineral concentration or bone area. In this population with relatively high s-25(OH)D concentrations, no consistent associations were found between adherence to vitamin D supplementation recommendations or vitamin D status in pregnancy or childhood, and bone mineralisation at age 7 years.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Vitamin D Level and Bone Mineral Density in Patients With Cirrhosis

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu Grover ◽  
Deepak Gunjan ◽  
Namrata Singh ◽  
Jaya Benjamin ◽  
Lakshmy Ramakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals O13 Pregnancy vitamin D supplementation leads to greater offspring bone mineral density at 4 years: the MAVIDOS randomised placebo controlled trial

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M Curtis ◽  
Rebecca J Moon ◽  
Stefania D'Angelo ◽  
Sarah R Crozier ◽  
Nicholas J Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background Observational studies have demonstrated associations between maternal gestational vitamin D status and offspring bone health. We have recently shown, in a randomised controlled trial, that pregnancy vitamin D supplementation leads to improved offspring bone mass at birth amongst winter deliveries (when background 25(OH)-vitamin D levels are lowest). In the present analysis, we aimed to evaluate whether the beneficial effect of pregnancy vitamin D supplementation on neonatal bone mass is sustained into early childhood, with bone indices assessed at age 4 years in a subset of participants of the MAVIDOS trial. Methods Pregnant women were randomised in Southampton, Oxford and Sheffield, in a double-blind design, to 1000 IU/day cholecalciferol or matched placebo from 14 weeks’ gestation to birth. At 4 years of age (Southampton participants only, n = 723 births), offspring assessments included anthropometry, whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) [Hologic Horizon, yielding whole body less head (WBLH) bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), bone area (BA) and lean mass (LM)], and a maternal questionnaire. Linear regression was used to estimate the mean difference (represented by β) in outcomes between the two randomisation arms, adjusted for sex and age at DXA. Further models were additionally adjusted for gestational age, maternal BMI, and child’s sedentary time. All outcomes were standardised to a standard deviation scale, for ease of comparison. Full ethics and MHRA approvals were granted. Results 564 children attended the 4-year visit; 452 had a useable DXA with minimal movement artefact. Maternal pregnancy vitamin D supplementation led to greater offspring indices of bone mass compared with placebo, irrespective of season. For example, WBLH BMD at age 4 years was greater in the offspring of supplemented mothers [β = 0.18 SD (95%CI: 0.00, 0.35), p = 0.047]; there was also evidence of greater LM in the intervention group [β = 0.15 SD (95%CI: -0.02, 0.31), p = 0.081]. In fully adjusted models associations were consistent for lumbar spine indices and for BA and BMC. In keeping with the offspring findings, maternal vitamin D supplementation led to significantly higher maternal plasma 25(OH)D concentrations in late pregnancy (34 weeks’ gestation): placebo group (median(IQR)): 42.4 nmol/l (23.3, 56.4); vitamin D group: 67.4 nmol/l (56.2, 80.3); p < 0.001. Conclusion This is the first ever demonstration in a large placebo-controlled, double-blind randomised controlled trial that maternal pregnancy vitamin D supplementation leads to improved bone and lean mass in children. Our findings suggest that maternal cholecalciferol supplementation may have lasting benefits for offspring musculoskeletal health and thus represent an important public health message. This work was supported by grants from Versus Arthritis 17702, Medical Research Council (MRC #405050259; #U105960371), Bupa Foundation, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Southampton, and NIHR Oxford BRC, University of Oxford. EC was supported by the Wellcome Trust (#201268/Z/16/Z). Disclosures E.M. Curtis None. R.J. Moon None. S. D'Angelo None. S.R. Crozier None. N.J. Bishop None. S. Gopal- Kothandapani None. S. Kennedy None. A.T. Papageorghiou None. R. Fraser None. S.V. Gandhi None. I. Schoenmakers None. A. Prentice None. H.M. Inskip None. K.M. Godfrey None. K. Javaid None. R. Eastell None. C. Cooper None. N.C. Harvey None.

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