scholarly journals Genomic characterization of a core set of the USDA-NPGS Ethiopian sorghum germplasm collection: implications for germplasm conservation, evaluation, and utilization in crop improvement

BMC Genomics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo E. Cuevas ◽  
Giseiry Rosa-Valentin ◽  
Chad M. Hayes ◽  
William L. Rooney ◽  
Leo Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Conservation Evaluation ◽  
Sorghum Germplasm

scholarly journals Characterization of Mulberry Genetic Resources for Multiple Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
M.C. Thriveni* ◽  
◽  
Raju Mondal ◽  
G. Thanavendan ◽  
G. Ravikumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Edaphic Factors ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Multiple Trait ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Conservation Evaluation

Mulberry plants have wide range of variations in characters in view of its adaptability to cross pollination with no inter-specific reproduction barrier rendering it a heterozygous species. Every plant being different from the other in natural population, this great diversity makes it difficult to gather information and carry out studies on effect of different edaphic factors on the expression of genotypic characters for adjudging the variations. In lieu of this known diversity for posterity, the collection of mulberry genotypes from diverse genetic sources, their conservation, evaluation and consequent documentation is of prime importance. In the present study, 69 mulberry accessions were characterized for morphology, anatomy, and reproductive parameters. Evaluation for propagation, growth and yield characters were also carried out. Based on multiple trait analysis, 14 top performing accessions viz., MI-0879, MI-0882, MI-0908, MI-0931, MI-0907, MI-0940, MI-0881, MI-0941, MI0892, MI-0913, MI-0937, MI-0934, MI-0865, MI-0886 were identified. These accessions could serve as resources for further evaluation aimed at trait-specific crop improvement.

scholarly journals Characterization of Advanced Tilling and Its Application in Cotton

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Reverse Genetic ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Tilling Population ◽  
Genomic Approach ◽  
Local Lesions

Among all the fibre crops, cotton is most important economic fibre crop. It is known as white gold because it contributes in the economic, industrial and agricultural sectors. In GDP, it contributes to about 1.6% and have share 7.8% in agricultural products. Pakistan is ranked 5th in world in term of consumption and has 4th in term of total cotton production in 2015-2016. The seed cotton yield and production are stagnant for more than decade in Pakistan, biotic and abiotic stresses are considered as major reasons of this stagnancy. Mutagenesis is an important tool in crop improvement. In breeding programs, mutation is an important tool for creating the variations. Powerful reverse genetic strategies allow the detection of induced point mutation. TILLING (Target Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) is genomic approach which is used for the screening of mutant and germplasm collection for the for the allelic variant in targeted gene. This kind of research explores an advanced TILLING population for various parameters. The main advantage of TILLING is that this technique can be used for any plant species, irrespective of its genome size, ploidy level and method of propagation.

Genomic characterization of γ-terpinene synthase from Thymus caespititius

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Lima ◽  
B Lukas ◽  
J Novak ◽  
AC Figueiredo ◽  
LG Pedro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Characterization

Targeting IDH Mutations in AML: Wielding the Double-edged Sword of Differentiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 490-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin S. Becker ◽  
Amir T. Fathi
Keyword(s):  
Genome Structure ◽  
Cellular Metabolism ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
New Class ◽  
Regulatory Enzymes ◽  
Idh Mutations ◽  
Genomic Characterization

The genomic characterization of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by DNA sequencing has illuminated subclasses of the disease, with distinct driver mutations, that might be responsive to targeted therapies. Approximately 15-23% of AML genomes harbor mutations in one of two isoforms of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1 or IDH2). These enzymes are constitutive mediators of basic cellular metabolism, but their mutated forms in cancer synthesize an abnormal metabolite, 2- hydroxyglutarate, that in turn acts as a competitive inhibitor of multiple gene regulatory enzymes. As a result, leukemic IDH mutations cause changes in genome structure and gene activity, culminating in an arrest of normal myeloid differentiation. These discoveries have motivated the development of a new class of selective small molecules with the ability to inhibit the mutant IDH enzymes while sparing normal cellular metabolism. These agents have shown promising anti-leukemic activity in animal models and early clinical trials, and are now entering Phase 3 study. This review will focus on the growing preclinical and clinical data evaluating IDH inhibitors for the treatment of IDH-mutated AML. These data suggest that inducing cellular differentiation is central to the mechanism of clinical efficacy for IDH inhibitors, while also mediating toxicity for patients who experience IDH Differentiation Syndrome. Ongoing trials are studying the efficacy of IDH inhibitors in combination with other AML therapies, both to evaluate potential synergistic combinations as well as to identify the appropriate place for IDH inhibitors within existing standard-of-care regimens.

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