scholarly journals Characterization of a highly divergent Sugarcane mosaic virus from Canna indica L. by deep sequencing

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqiang Li ◽  
Fei Xia ◽  
Yixuan Wang ◽  
Chenge Yan ◽  
Anning Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Full Genome Sequence ◽  
Mosaic Symptom ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Sequence Identities

Abstract Background Cannas are popular ornamental plants and widely planted for the beautiful foliage and flower. Viral disease is a major threaten to canna horticulture industry. In the city of Beijing, mosaic disease in canna was frequently observed, but the associated causal agent and its biological characterization is still unknown. Results After small RNA deep sequencing, 36,776 contigs were assembled and 16 of them shared high sequence identities with the different proteins of Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) of the size ranging from 86 to 1911 nt. The complete genome of SCMV isolate (canna) was reconstructed by sequencing all cDNA clones obtained from RT-PCR and 5′\3′ RACE amplifications. SCMV-canna isolate showed to have a full RNA genome of 9579 nt in length and to share 78% nt and 85% aa sequence identities with SCMV isolates from other hosts. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the full genome sequence of SCMV isolates allocated separately the canna-isolate in a distinct clade, indicating a new strain. Recombination analyses demonstrated that SCMV-canna isolate was a recombinant originating from a sugarcane-infecting isolate (major parent, acc. no. AJ310103) and a maize-infecting isolate (minor parent, acc. no. AJ297628). Pathogenicity test showed SCMV-canna could cause typical symptoms of mosaic and necrosis in some tested plants with varying levels of severity but was less virulent than the isolate SCMV-BJ. Field survey showed that the virus was widely distributed. Conclusions This study identified SCMV as the major agent causing the prevalent mosaic symptom in canna plants in Beijing and its genomic and biological characterizations were further explored. All these data enriched the knowledge of the viruses infecting canna and would be helpful in effective disease management in canna.

scholarly journals RNA-Seq Reveals Hawthorn Tree as a New Natural Host for Apple Necrotic Mosaic Virus, Possibly Associated with Hawthorn Mosaic Disease

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 2713-2719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xing ◽  
Wanying Hou ◽  
Sebastien Massart ◽  
Dehang Gao ◽  
Wenhui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Mosaic Symptom ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Hypervariable Regions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Causal Pathogen ◽  
Individual Trees

Apple mosaic disease is widespread in the major apple-producing areas in China and is frequently associated with the presence of the newly identified Apple necrotic mosaic virus (ApNMV), belonging to subgroup 3 of Ilarvirus genus in the family of Bromoviridae. Mosaic symptoms were also observed in a hawthorn tree. Deep sequencing revealed the hawthorn tree with mosaic symptom was infected by ApNMV, which was confirmed by RT-PCR. The complete nucleotide sequences of RNA1 (3,378 nt), RNA2 (2,778 nt), and RNA3 (1,917 nt) of ApNMV from the hawthorn were obtained, sharing 93.8 to 96.8%, 89.7 to 96.1%, and 89.8 to 94.6% nucleotide identities with those from apples and crabapples, respectively. Two hypervariable regions were found, which showed 59.2 to 85.7% and 64.0 to 89.3% sequence identities at position 142 to 198 aa and at position 780 to 864 aa in the POL protein, respectively, between the hawthorn isolate and other isolates (apple, crabapple). A grafting test demonstrated that ApNMV was easily transmissible from hawthorns to apple trees, with severe chlorosis, yellowing, mosaic, curling, and necrosis. In addition, a total of 11,685 hawthorn trees were surveyed for the incidence of mosaic disease from five provinces in China, and only six were found showing typical mosaic symptoms. A total of 145 individual trees (six symptomatic, 68 asymptomatic, and 71 other symptoms) were tested for the presence or absence of ApNMV by RT-PCR. Among them, six symptomatic, four asymptomatic, and 10 other symptomatic trees tested positive for ApNMV. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the hawthorn tree was identified as a new natural host for ApNMV with a relatively low frequency (13.8%, 20 out of 145) in the main producing areas, and it was likely to be the causal pathogen of hawthorn mosaic disease.

scholarly journals Characterization of Small Interfering RNAs Derived from Sugarcane Mosaic Virus in Infected Maize Plants by Deep Sequencing

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e97013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihao Xia ◽  
Jun Peng ◽  
Yongqiang Li ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Shuai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Maize Plants

scholarly journals First Report of Watermelon mosaic virus causing a Mosaic Disease on Cucumis metuliferus in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Gao ◽  
Hai-long Ren ◽  
Wanyu Xiao ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Complete Sequence ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
First Report

Cucumis metuliferus, also called horned cucumber or jelly melon, is considered as a wild species in the Cucumis genus and a potential material for nematodes- or viruses-resistant breeding (Provvidenti, et al. 1977; Sigüenza et al. 2005; Chen et al. 2020). This species, originating from Africa, has been cultivated as a fruit in China in recent years. In July 2020, a mosaic disease was observed on C. metuliferus growing in five fields (approximately 0.7 hectare) in Urumqi, Xijiang, China, where more than 85~100% of the field plants exhibited moderate to severe viral disease-like leaf mosaic and/or deformation symptoms. Delayed flowering and small and/or deformed fruits on the affected plants could result in yield loss of about 50%. To identify the causal pathogen, the symptomatic leaf samples were collected from the five fields (five plants/points for each field) and their total RNAs were extracted using a commercial RNA extraction kit. The universal potyviral primers (Ha et al. 2008) and specific primers for a number of frequently-occurring, cucurbit crop-infecting viruses including Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) (Lin et al. 2013), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) were designed and used for detection by RT-PCR. The result showed that only the WMV primers (forward: 5’-AAGTGTGACCAAGCTTGGACTGCA-3’ and reverse: 5’-CTCACCCATTGTGCCAAAGAACGT-3’) could amplify the corresponding target fragment from the total RNA templates, and direct sequencing of the RT-PCR products and GenBank BLAST confirmed the presence of WMV (genus Potyvirus) in the collected C. metuliferus samples. To complete Koch’s postulates, the infected C. metuliferus leaves were ground in the sodium phosphate buffer (0.01 M, pH 7.0) and the sap was mechanically inoculated onto 30 four-leaf-stage C. metuliferus seedlings (two leaves for each seedling were inoculated) kept in an insect-proof, temperature-controlled greenhouse at 25~28℃. Twenty-five of the inoculated plants were observed to have apparent leaf mosaic similar to the field symptoms two weeks after inoculation, and positive result was obtained in RT-PCR detection for the symptomatic leaves of inoculated plants using the WMV primers aforementioned, confirming the virus as the pathogen of C. metuliferus in Urumqi. To our knowledge, this is the first report of WMV naturally infecting C. metuliferus in China. We obtained the full-length sequence of the WMV Urumqi isolation (WMV-Urumqi) by sequencing the RT-PCR amplicons from seven pairs of primers spanning the viral genome and the 5’RACE and 3’RACE products. The complete sequence of WMV-Urumqi (GenBank accession no. MW345911) is 10046 nucleotides (nt) long and contains an open reading frame that encodes a polyprotein of 3220 amino acids (aa). WMV-Urumqi shares the highest nt identity (95.9%) and aa identity (98.0%) with the Cucurbita pepo-infecting isolation (KX664483) from Shanxi province, China. Our findings provide a better understanding of the host range and genetic diversity of WMV, and a useful reference for virus-resistant breeding involving C. metuliferus.

Identification of a Naturally Occurring Recombinant Isolate of Sugarcane Mosaic Virus Causing Maize Dwarf Mosaic Disease

Virus Genes ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwang Zhong ◽  
Anyuan Guo ◽  
Chunbo Li ◽  
Binquan Zhuang ◽  
Ming Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Naturally Occurring

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Mosaic Virus from the cocoa trees showing mosaic symptoms in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwit Probowati ◽  
SUSAMTO SOMOWIYARJO ◽  
SEDYO HARTONO
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
National Income ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Mosaic Symptom ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus ◽  
Molecular Characters

Abstact. Probowati W, Somowiyarjo S, Hartono S. 2019. Molecular characterization of Mosaic Virus From the cocoa trees showing mosaic symptoms in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3698-3704. Indonesia is the world's second-biggest producer of cacao after Ivory Coast with its cacao plantations spreads over 1,652 million hectares and mostly managed by smallholders. Cacao as a beneficial commodity can provide job opportunities for over 1.64 million people, with its contribution of more than US-$ 1.6 billion/year to national income. However, pest and disease infections are inevitably common constraints for the cacao cultivators. One current disease is caused by Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus (CSSV). Despite its noticeable symptoms on the cacao trees suffering from the disease, the knowledge on both the virus existence and the prevention steps in dealing with it is lacking. The information on the diversity of mosaic virus will help us to comprehend its epidemiologic development and the needed countermeasures, as well as its evolution. This research is intended to study the mosaic disease virus molecularly, the virus was obtained from DR1 clones from Kalibawang cacao plantation in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. The virus morphology was observed using a transmission electron microscope applying quick dipping method. The PCR analysis with conserved region ORF1 primers was conducted to detect the viral existence in the infected trees. The identification of CSSV molecular characters was undertaken using PCR sequencing analysis which was then examined using BioEdit and Mega5 programs to initiate a relationship dendrogram. The result showed that the DR1 cacao tree clones from Kalibawang were infected by mosaic virus with mild visual severity of leaf typical symptom. From the electronic microscope observation, a ±100 nm rod-shaped viral particle with a diameter of 15.3 mm was found. On the molecular level, the cause of mosaic symptom has CSSV amplified at conserved regions with size 375 bp. The results are the first report confirming that the molecular cause of cacao mosaic disease in Indonesia is CSSV. The molecular characters of CSSV in Yogyakarta are very different from those found abroad.

scholarly journals Complete Genomic Sequence of Noni mosaic virus (NoMV), a Novel Potyvirus Associated with a Mosaic Disease in Morinda citrifolia L.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nai-Tong Yu ◽  
Zhi-Ying Cai ◽  
Zhongguo Xiong ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Zhi-Xin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Mosaic Symptom ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence Similarity

An outbreak of a virus-like disease has caused severe damage to noni plants (Morinda citrifolia L.) in Xishuangbanna area of China's southwestern Yunnan province since 2015. The diseased plants displayed typical mosaic symptom with light and dark green patches on leaves. Flexuous filamentous virus particles of about 800 nm in length were observed from the leaf saps by transmission electron microscope. Illumina transcriptomic sequencing further revealed the presence of a potyvirus and its near complete genome was obtained from de novo assembly. The complete genome of 9,659 nts was obtained by Sanger sequencing of eight amplicons generate by RT-PCR and 5’ and 3’ RACE. BLASTp analysis of the polyprotein sequence showed that the virus was most closely related to Tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV), but these two viruses only shared 50.7% amino acid sequence similarity. Both phylogenetic analyses of the polyprotein and CP amino acid sequences indicated that this virus is a member of genus Potyvirus. However, the low sequence homology with all known potyviruses established this virus as a new species in the genus, tentatively named as Noni mosaic virus (NoMV). Our field surveys showed that 100% of the symptomatic samples and 28.57% of the asymptomatic samples were infected with this novel potyvirus. Aphids collected from diseased leaves were also detected carrying the virus. In summary, our data indicated that a novel species of potyvirus, NoMV, is prevalent in Yunnan, China and is associated with an emerging mosaic disease on M. citrifolia.

scholarly journals First Report of Sugarcane mosaic virus Infecting Maize in Poland

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 1078-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Trzmiel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Crop Acreage ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Maize Plants

Maize (Zea mays) has become an important crop in Poland with a constant increase in crop acreage since the 1990s. In 2007, maize plants with characteristic leaf mosaic were observed in two locations in the Wielkopolska Region near Poznań and Krotoszyn. Ninety-two samples from plants showing leaf mosaic, some leaf discoloration, stunting, or no symptoms were collected and tested for Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) and Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) by double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA (Bioreba, Basel, Switzerland). SCMV was detected only in three samples with distinct leave mosaic symptoms. Electron microscopy of leaf extracts revealed numerous potyvirus-like particles. Immuno-specific electron microscopy (ISEM) with the SCMV antiserum gave positive results for all three samples. Each virus isolate was propagated by mechanical inoculation on five varieties of dent maize and three varieties of sweet maize, cockspur grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.), crab grass (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.), and green bristle-grass (Setaria viridis (L.) P.B.). Leaf mosaic appeared 4 to 5 days postinoculation. ELISA detected all three isolates in the symptomless hosts of oat (Avena sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and triticale (Triticale). The three isolates induced local leaf necrosis on sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.), in which the virus occurred in low concentrations as determined by ELISA so infections of sorghum plants were confirmed by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR) with primers PS/PSC (1). Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), true millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), and wind grass (Agrostis spica-venti (L.) P.B.) were not susceptible (2). Using the total RNA extracted with the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) from leaves of inoculated maize plants, a one step RT-PCR (Qiagen) amplified a ~800-bp cDNA fragment of the coat protein gene with SCMV-specific primers PS/PSC (1). Six cDNA clones were sequenced for each isolate. Nucleotide sequences of the 823-bp cDNA clones of isolates SCMV-P1 and P2 (GenBank Accession Nos. EU761241 and EU761242, respectively) were 99% identical and each was 92% identical to the sequence of SCMV-P3 (FJ376609). The clones of SCMV-P1 and SCMV-P2 shared 99, 98, 90, and 87% nucleotide sequence identity with two German SCMV isolates (X981697 and X98168), a Spanish isolate (AM110759), the UT6 isolate from Thailand (AY630923), and the Nancheng isolate (EU346720) from China, respectively. The SCMV-P3 sequence was 98, 94, 92, 89, and 92% identical to the Mx isolate from Mexico (AY195610), a Bulgarian SCMV isolate (AJ006201), the German Seehausen (X98166) and Borsdorf (X98167) isolates, the SC-UD1 (DQ647661), the KL – Co86032 (DQ866744) isolates from Thailand and India, and the Chinese Nanchang (EU346720) and Pengze2 (EU346718) isolates, respectively. In 2008, SCMV was again detected by ELISA in mixed infections with MDMV in samples from the Wielkopolska Region, but only sporadically, and the virus is considered not to be important economically in maize production in Poland. References: (1) J. X. Jiang and X. P. Zhou. Arch. Virol. 147:2437, 2002. (2) D. M. Persley. Page: 1204 in: Viruses of Plants. Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 1996.

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