Persistent candidemia in very low birth weight neonates: risk factors and clinical significance

Background: Very low birth weight (VLBW) babies are at increased risk of a number of complications both immediate and late. Worldwide it has been observed that these babies contribute to a significant extent to neonatal mortality and morbidity. Aim of the study was to study the risk factors contributing to mortality in VLBW babies and to evaluate the morbidity pattern in these infants.Methods: A retrospective analysis of data retrieved from the case records of VLBW babies admitted in the NICU of Kilpauk Medical College between January 2015 to December 2015. Out of the 2360 intramural babies admitted during the study period, 99 babies were less than 1500 gms. The risk factors for these babies were analyzed for their association with the outcome. Data were statistically analyzed.Results: In present study, we found that sex of the baby, gestational age, obstetric score, birth asphyxia, pulmonary haemorrhage, ROP and presence of shock were found to be associated with increased mortality. By logistic regression analysis it was observed that birth weight of the baby (p value 0.002), duration of stay (p value 0.0006), presence of shock (p<0.0001), were the risk factors significantly associated with poor outcome.Conclusions: Among the maternal and neonatal factors analyzed in the study using logistic regression analysis, birth weight, duration of hospital stay and presence of shock were significantly related to poor outcome. Of these presence of shock was the single most important factor that predicted increased mortality.

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Evaluation of the Incidence and Risk Factors of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Very Low birth Weight Infants

Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital Medical Journal ◽

10.14744/hnhj.2019.59244 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Selim Sancak

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants

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Clinical profile and outcome of early onset sepsis in high risk very low birth weight neonates

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20180480 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 389 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Omprakash S. Shukla ◽

Aditi Rawat

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Blood Culture ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Early Onset ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Early Onset Sepsis ◽

Culture Positive

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity, especially in very low birth weight neonates (birth weight <1499 grams) despite the progress in hygiene, introduction of new and potent antimicrobial agents for treatment and advanced measures for diagnosis. The aim of the study was to find correlation of clinical features and risk factors of neonatal sepsis in culture positive cases.Methods: A cross- sectional study was carried out in one hundred neonates with risk factors of septicemia after obtaining informed consent. Blood culture was done using Bactec Peds Plus/F Culture as a gold standard to diagnose septicaemia. Correlation of risk factors, clinical features with laboratory findings was obtained by using chi-square test. p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Out of 100 neonates with suspected sepsis, BACTEC culture proven sepsis was seen in 40% cases. Gram negative sepsis was seen in 62.5% cases. The most common bacteria for early onset sepsis were Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and MRSA contributing 17% each to the bacteriological profile. The most common predisposing factor and clinical feature in culture positive cases were Premature rupture of membrane >24 hours (67%) and bleeding/petechia/pupura (72%) respectively. The major cause of mortality was pulmonary hemorrhage.Conclusions: Gram negative organism were more common and associated with higher mortality. Blood culture positivity increases with increase in number of risk factors in neonatal septicemia. A detailed history and thorough clinical examination is vital for early recognition of sepsis.

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Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy (CP) in Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) Infants without Major Cranial Ultrasound (CUS) Abnormalities. † 1309

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-199804001-01330 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 224-224

Author(s):

T Michael O'Shea ◽

Ruth Lotz ◽

Kurt L Klinepeter ◽

Nancy Peters ◽

Robert G Dillard

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Cranial Ultrasound ◽

Vlbw Infants

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Retinopathy of Prematurity among Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants in Korea: Incidence, Treatment, and Risk Factors

Journal of Korean Medical Science ◽

10.3346/jkms.2015.30.s1.s88 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. S88 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Jong Hee Hwang ◽

Eun Hee Lee ◽

Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants

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Risk factors of meconium-related ileus in very low birth weight infants: patients-control study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-60016-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jeik Byun ◽

Ji-Won Han ◽

Joong Kee Youn ◽

Hee-Beom Yang ◽

Seung Han Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Control Study

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Low and very low birth weight in puppies: definitions, risk factors and survival in a large-scale population

BMC Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s12917-020-02577-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amélie Mugnier ◽

Sylvie Chastant-Maillard ◽

Hanna Mila ◽

Faouzi Lyazrhi ◽

Florine Guiraud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Litter Size ◽

Large Scale ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Regression Tree ◽

Classification And Regression Tree ◽

Operating Characteristics

Abstract Background Neonatal mortality (over the first three weeks of life) is a major concern in canine breeding facilities as an economic and welfare issue. Since low birth weight (LBW) dramatically increases the risk of neonatal death, the risk factors of occurrence need to be identified together with the chances and determinants of survival of newborns at-risk. Results Data from 4971 puppies from 10 breeds were analysed. Two birth weight thresholds regarding the risk of neonatal mortality were identified by breed, using respectively Receiver Operating Characteristics and Classification and Regression Tree method. Puppies were qualified as LBW and very low birth weight (VLBW) when their birth weight value was respectively between the two thresholds and lower than the two thresholds. Mortality rates were 4.2, 8.8 and 55.3%, in the normal, LBW and VLBW groups, accounting for 48.7, 47.9 and 3.4% of the included puppies, respectively. A separate binary logistic regression approach allowed to identify breed, gender and litter size as determinants of LBW. The increase in litter size and being a female were associated with a higher risk for LBW. Survival for LBW puppies was reduced in litters with at least one stillborn, compared to litters with no stillborn, and was also reduced when the dam was more than 6 years old. Concerning VLBW puppies, occurrence and survival were influenced by litter size. Surprisingly, the decrease in litter size was a risk factor for VLBW and also reduced their survival. The results of this study suggest that VLBW and LBW puppies are two distinct populations. Moreover, it indicates that events and factors affecting intrauterine growth (leading to birth weight reduction) also affect their ability to adapt to extrauterine life. Conclusion These findings could help veterinarians and breeders to improve the management of their facility and more specifically of LBW puppies. Possible recommendations would be to only select for reproduction dams of optimal age and to pay particular attention to LBW puppies born in small litters. Further studies are required to understand the origin of LBW in dogs.

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