scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of CBCT versus intraoral imaging for assessment of peri‐implant bone defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Song ◽  
Sohaib Shujaat ◽  
Karla de Faria Vasconcelos ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Constantinus Politis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Defect Depth ◽  
Male Health ◽  
Infrabony Defects ◽  
Lower Correlation

Abstract Background Early detection of marginal bone loss is vital for treatment planning and prognosis of teeth and implant. This study was conducted to assess diagnostic accuracy of CBCT compared to intra-oral (IO) radiography for detection, classification, and measurement of peri-implant bone defects in an animal model. Methods Fifty-four mandible blocks with implants were harvested from nine male health adult beagle dogs with acquisition of IO, CBCT and micro-CT images from all samples. Peri-implant bone defects from 16 samples were diagnosed using micro-CT and classified into 3 defect categories: dehiscence (n = 5), infrabony defect (n = 3) and crater-like defect (n = 8). Following training and calibration of the observers, they asked to detect location (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual) and shape of the defect (dehiscence, horizontal defect, vertical defect, carter-like defect) utilizing both IO and CBCT images. Both observers assessed defect depth and width on IO, CBCT and micro-CT images at each side of peri-implant bone defect via CT-analyzer software. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and a p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Overall, there was a high diagnostic accuracy for detection of bone defects with CBCT images (sensitivity: 100%/100%), while IO images showed a reduction in accuracy (sensitivity: 69%/63%). Similarly, diagnostic accuracy for defect classification was significantly higher for CBCT, whereas IO images were unable to correctly identify vestibular dehiscence, with incorrect assessment of half of the infrabony defects. For accuracy of measuring defect depth and width, a higher correlation was observed between CBCT and gold standard micro-CT (r = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86–0.94), whereas a lower correlation was seen for IO images (r = 0.82, 95% CI 0.67–0.91). Conclusions The diagnostic accuracy and reliability of CBCT was found to be superior to IO imaging for the detection, classification, and measurement of peri-implant bone defects. The application of CBCT adds substantial information related to the peri-implant bone defect diagnosis and decision-making which cannot be achieved with conventional IO imaging.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of CBCT Versus Intraoral Imaging for Assessment of Peri‐implant Bone Defects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Song ◽  
Sohaib Shujaat ◽  
Karla de Faria Vasconcelos ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Constantinus Politis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
P Value ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Defect Depth ◽  
Male Health ◽  
Infrabony Defects

Abstract Background: Early detection of marginal bone loss is vital for treatment planning and prognosis of teeth and implant. This study was conducted to assess diagnostic accuracy of CBCT compared to intra-oral (IO) radiography for detection, classification and measurement of peri-implant bone defects in an animal model.Methods: Fifty-four mandible blocks with implants were harvested from nine male health adult beagle dogs with acquisition of IO, CBCT and micro-CT images from all samples. Peri-implant bone defects from 16 samples were diagnosed using micro-CT and classified into 3 defect categories: dehiscence (n = 5), infrabony defect (n = 3) and crater-like defect (n = 8). Following training and calibration of the observers, they asked to detect location (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual) and shape of the defect (dehiscence, horizontal defect, vertical defect, carter-like defect) utilizing both IO and CBCT images. Both observers assessed defect depth and width on IO, CBCT and micro-CT images at each side of peri-implant bone defect via CT-analyzer software. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and a p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Overall, there was a high diagnostic accuracy for detection of bone defects with CBCT images (sensitivity: 100%/100%), while IO images showed a reduction in accuracy (sensitivity: 69%/63%). Similarly, diagnostic accuracy for defect classification was significantly higher for CBCT, whereas IO images were unable to correctly identify vestibular dehiscence, with incorrect assessment of half of the infrabony defects. For accuracy of measuring defect depth and width, a higher correlation was observed between CBCT and gold standard micro-CT (r = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.94), whereas a lower correlation was seen for IO images (r = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.67-0.91).Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy and reliability of CBCT was found to be superior to IO imaging for the detection, classification and measurement of peri-implant bone defects. The application of CBCT adds substantial information related to the peri-implant bone defect diagnosis and decision-making which cannot be achieved with conventional IO imaging.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of High-Resolution Chemical-Shift-Eliminated Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Finger Specimens with Microcomputed Tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Wingchi Edmund Kwok ◽  
Zhigang You ◽  
Johnny Monu ◽  
Hua He
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Microcomputed Tomography ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Finger Joints

Objective: High-resolution images of finger joints with chemical-shift elimination can be obtained using an interleaved water-fat (IWF) sequence. This study assessed IWF imaging of finger joints in the delineation of bone structures by comparing images of cadaver fingers with those of microcomputed tomography (CT) that served as a standard reference. Materials and Methods: IWF images with spatial resolution of 176 µ × 176 µ × 300 µ were obtained from the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints of two cadaver finger specimens using a custom-built radiofrequency receive coil at 1.5T. Regular three-dimensional gradient-echo (GRE) images were also acquired with similar parameters and compared with the IWF images to evaluate the effects of chemical shift. Micro-CT scans were obtained and served as the standard reference. The image data were reviewed by two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists in consensus. The delineation of normal joint structures and abnormalities in the finger specimens as revealed by the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and micro-CT images were compared. The IWF and regular GRE images were assigned scores 0–3 for the depiction of apparent marginal bone defects, with zero being the same in appearance to the micro-CT image and three as having minimal resemblance to it. Statistical analysis of the scoring results was conducted to compare the two MRI techniques. Results: The high-resolution IWF images provided accurate delineation of bone and calcified structures as seen in micro-CT. The thickness of subchondral bone was depicted similarly on the IWF water + fat and the micro-CT images but not on the regular GRE images. The regular GRE sequence showed false marginal bone defects not observed with IWF and micro-CT. In addition, the IWF water-only images facilitated the identification of bone cyst by revealing its water content. Conclusion: High-resolution IWF imaging should be useful for the early diagnosis and treatment assessment of arthritis and should also benefit basic research in the pathophysiology of the disease.

Comparison of diagnosis of cracked tooth using contrast-enhanced CBCT and micro-CT

2021 ◽  
pp. 20210003
Author(s):  
ZiYang Hu ◽  
TieMei Wang ◽  
Xiao Pan ◽  
DanTong Cao ◽  
JiaHao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Occlusal Surface ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Pulp Cavity ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Pre Treatment

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy using sodium iodide (NaI) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as contrast agent in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning, and compare this with micro-CT. Methods: 18 teeth were cracked artificially by soaking them cyclically in liquid nitrogen and hot water. After pre-treatment with artificial saliva, the teeth were scanned in four modes: CBCT routine scanning without contrast agent (RS); CBCT with meglumine diatrizoate (MD) as contrast agent (ES1); CBCT with NaI + DMSO as contrast agent (ES2); and micro-CT (mCT). The number of crack lines was evaluated in all four modes. Depth of crack lines and number of cracks presented from the occlusal surface to the pulp cavity (Np) in ES2 and micro-CT images were evaluated. Results: There were 63 crack lines in all 18 teeth. 45 crack lines were visible on ES2 images as against four on the RS and ES1 images (p<0.05) and 37 on micro-CT images (p>0.05). Further, 34 crack lines could be observed on both ES2 and micro-CT images, and the average depth presented on ES2 images was 4.56 ± 0.88 mm and 3.89 ± 1.08 mm on micro-CT images (p<0.05). More crack lines could be detected from the occlusal surface to the pulp cavity on ES2 images than on micro-CT images (22 vs 11). Conclusion: CBCT with NaI +DMSO as the contrast agent was equivalent to micro-CT for number of crack lines and better for depth of crack lines. NaI + DMSO could be a potential CBCT contrast agent to improve diagnostic accuracy for cracked tooth.

scholarly journals Collagen Membrane for Guided Cortical Bone Regeneration: Characterization, Preclinical and Proof of Concept Clinical Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Allan ◽  
Rui Ruan ◽  
Euphemie Landao-Bassonga ◽  
Nicholas Gillman ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Proof Of Concept

Abstract Background: Treatment of cortical bone defects is a clinical challenge. Guided bone regeneration (GBR), commonly used in oral in maxillofacial dental surgery, may show promise for orthopedic application in repair of cortical defects. However, a limitation in the use of GBR for cortical bone defects is the lack of an ideal scaffold that provides sufficient mechanical support to bridge the cortical bone with minimal interference in the repair process. We have developed a new collagen membrane, CelGroTM, for use in GBR. We report the material characterisation of CelGroTM, and evaluate the performance of CelGroTM in translational preclinical and clinical studies. Methods: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (micro-CT) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to examine the structural morphology of CelGroTM. Purity and biochemical composition of CelGroTM was evaluated by Western-blot, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Physical and chemical properties of CelGroTM were examined and compared with another commercially available collagen membrane. The pre-clinical evaluation was conducted using a cortical bone defect model in the New Zealand white rabbit. Cortical bone regeneration in defects of the femoral diaphysis were evaluated at 30 days and 60 days after intervention, by micro-CT and histology. A clinical study to evaluate the performance of CelGroTM in GBR for treatment of bone augmentation surrounding dental implants was also performed. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by semi quantitative tissue condition assessments and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan. Results: CelGroTM has a bilayer structure of different fibre alignment and is composed almost exclusively of type I collagen. CelGroTM was found to be completely acellular and a clinically significant xenoantigen, α -gal, was not detected. CelGroTM displayed less deformity and better mechanical strength as compared to Bio-Gide ® . In the preclinical study, CelGroTM demonstrated enhanced bone-modelling activity and cortical bone healing. Micro-CT evaluation showed early bony bridging over the defect area 30 days post-operatively, and nearly complete restoration of mature cortical bone at the bone defect site 60 days post- operatively. Histological analysis at day 60 after surgery further confirmed that CelGroTM enables bridging of the cortical bone defect by induction of newly-formed cortical bone. It appears that CelGroTM showed better cortical alignment and reduced porosity at the defect interface compared to Bio-Gide®. Owning the fact that selection of orthopedic patients with cortical bone defects is complex, we conducted the proof of concept clinical study in a total of 16 dental implants which were placed in 10 participants receiving GBR. The results showed that there were with no complications or adverse events observed. CBCT evidenced efficiency of the CelGroTM scaffold for GBR for the dental implants, showing significantly decreased 2 distance from the implant shoulder to first bone/implant contact (DIB) and increased horizontal thickness of facial bone wall (HT). Conclusion: The findings of our study demonstrate that CelGroTM is an ideal membrane for GBR not only in oral maxillofacial reconstructive surgery but also in orthopedic applications. Details of clinical trial registration: “Single centre, open-label, pilot study of Celgro(tm) collagen membrane for guided bone regeneration around exposed implants in patients undergoing dental implant surgery”; Registration ID: ACTRN12615000027516; Date of registration: 19/01/2015; URL: https://anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12615000027516.aspx

Generation of high-fidelity random fields from micro CT images and phase field-based mesoscale fracture modelling of concrete

2021 ◽  
pp. 107762
Author(s):  
Yu-jie Huang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Bei-bei Li ◽  
Zhen-jun Yang ◽  
Jian-ying Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Field ◽  
Random Fields ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Micro Ct

scholarly journals Bipolar Bone Defects in Shoulders With Primary Instability: Dislocation Versus Subluxation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 232596712110035
Author(s):  
Shigeto Nakagawa ◽  
Wataru Sahara ◽  
Kazutaka Kinugasa ◽  
Ryohei Uchida ◽  
Tatsuo Mae
Keyword(s):  
Bone Defect ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Defect Size ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Glenoid Defect ◽  
Large Defect ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Defect Score ◽  
Primary Instability

Background: In shoulders with traumatic anterior instability, a bipolar bone defect has been recognized as an important indicator of the prognosis. Purpose: To investigate bipolar bone defects at primary instability and compare the difference between dislocation and subluxation. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: There were 156 shoulders (156 patients) including 91 shoulders with dislocation and 65 shoulders with subluxation. Glenoid defects and Hill-Sachs lesions were classified into 5 size categories on 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) scans and were allocated scores ranging from 0 (no defect) to 4 points (very large defect). To assess the combined size of the glenoid defect and Hill-Sachs lesion, the scores for both lesions were summed (range, 0-8 points). Patients in the dislocation and subluxation groups were compared regarding the prevalence of a glenoid defect, a bone fragment of bony Bankart lesion, a Hill-Sachs lesion, a bipolar bone defect, and an off-track Hill-Sachs lesion. Then, the combined size of the bipolar bone defects was compared between the dislocation and subluxation groups and among patients stratified by age at the time of CT scanning (<20, 20-29, and ≥30 years). Results: Hill-Sachs lesions were observed more frequently in the dislocation group (75.8%) compared with the subluxation group (27.7%; P < .001), whereas the prevalence of glenoid defects was not significantly different between groups (36.3% vs 29.2%, respectively; P = .393). The combined defect size was significantly larger in the dislocation versus subluxation group (mean ± SD combined defect score, 2.1 ± 1.6 vs 0.8 ± 0.9 points, respectively; P < .001) due to a larger Hill-Sachs lesion at dislocation than subluxation (glenoid defect score, 0.5 ± 0.9 vs 0.3 ± 0.6 points [ P = .112]; Hill-Sachs lesion score, 1.6 ± 1.2 vs 0.4 ± 0.7 points [ P < .001]). Combined defect size was larger in older patients than younger patients in the setting of dislocation (combined defect score, <20 years, 1.6 ± 1.2 points; 20-29 years, 1.9 ± 1.5 points; ≥30 years, 3.4 ± 1.6 points; P < .001) but was not different in the setting of subluxation (0.8 ± 1.0, 0.7 ± 0.9, and 0.8 ± 0.8 points, respectively; P = .885). An off-track Hill-Sachs lesion was observed in 2 older patients with dislocation but was not observed in shoulders with subluxation. Conclusion: The bipolar bone defect was significantly more frequent, and the combined size was greater in shoulders with primary dislocation and in older patients (≥30 years).

Deep neural networks for improving physical accuracy of 2D and 3D multi-mineral segmentation of rock micro-CT images

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 107185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Da Wang ◽  
Mehdi Shabaninejad ◽  
Ryan T. Armstrong ◽  
Peyman Mostaghimi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
2D And 3D

scholarly journals Longitudinal in vivo evaluation of bone regeneration by combined measurement of multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT for tissue engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp S. Lienemann ◽  
Stéphanie Metzger ◽  
Anna-Sofia Kiveliö ◽  
Alain Blanc ◽  
Panagiota Papageorgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Pinhole Spect

Abstract Over the last decades, great strides were made in the development of novel implants for the treatment of bone defects. The increasing versatility and complexity of these implant designs request for concurrent advances in means to assess in vivo the course of induced bone formation in preclinical models. Since its discovery, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has excelled as powerful high-resolution technique for non-invasive assessment of newly formed bone tissue. However, micro-CT fails to provide spatiotemporal information on biological processes ongoing during bone regeneration. Conversely, due to the versatile applicability and cost-effectiveness, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) would be an ideal technique for assessing such biological processes with high sensitivity and for nuclear imaging comparably high resolution (<1 mm). Herein, we employ modular designed poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogels that release bone morphogenetic protein to guide the healing of critical sized calvarial bone defects. By combined in vivo longitudinal multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT evaluations we determine the spatiotemporal course of bone formation and remodeling within this synthetic hydrogel implant. End point evaluations by high resolution micro-CT and histological evaluation confirm the value of this approach to follow and optimize bone-inducing biomaterials.

3D-printed Poly-Lactic Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) scaffolds in non-critical bone defects impede bone regeneration in rabbit tibia bone

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jin Xi Lim ◽  
Min He ◽  
Alphonsus Khin Sze Chong
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Rabbit Tibia ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Critical Bone Defects

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of bone graft materials are commercially available and vary in their composition, mechanism of action, costs, and indications. OBJECTIVE: A commercially available PLGA scaffold produced using 3D printing technology has been used to promote the preservation of the alveolar socket after tooth extraction. We examined its influence on bone regeneration in long bones of New Zealand White rabbits. METHODS: 5.0-mm-diameter circular defects were created on the tibia bones of eight rabbits. Two groups were studied: (1) control group, in which the bone defects were left empty; (2) scaffold group, in which the PLGA scaffolds were implanted into the bone defect. Radiography was performed every two weeks postoperatively. After sacrifice, bone specimens were isolated and examined by micro-computed tomography and histology. RESULTS: Scaffolds were not degraded by eight weeks after surgery. Micro-computed tomography and histology showed that in the region of bone defects that was occupied by scaffolds, bone regeneration was compromised and the total bone volume/total volume ratio (BV/TV) was significantly lower. CONCLUSION: The implantation of this scaffold impedes bone regeneration in a non-critical bone defect. Implantation of bone scaffolds, if unnecessary, lead to a slower rate of fracture healing.

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