scholarly journals Clinical, neuroimaging, and nerve conduction characteristics of spontaneous Conus Medullaris infarction

BMC Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ching Weng ◽  
Shy-Chyi Chin ◽  
Yah-Yuan Wu ◽  
Hung-Chou Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Cauda Equina Syndrome ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Anterior Horn ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Acute Low Back Pain ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Cell Disorder

Abstract Background Spontaneous conus medullaris infarction is a rare disease. We describe two patients with spontaneous conus medullaris infarction presenting as acute cauda equina syndrome and their unique electromyography (EMG) findings. Case presentation Two patients developed acute low back pain with mild asymmetric paraparesis, loss of perianal sensation and sphincter dysfunction. Ankle deep tendon reflexes were reduced in bilaterally. Neither patient had cardiovascular risk factors. Magnetic Resonance imaging showed infarction in the conus medullaris. Functional recovery was good in both patients, but progressive asymmetric calf wasting and sphincter dysfunction remained. EMG studies at follow-up of at least 3 years demonstrate active denervation at the muscles innervated by the first sacrum anterior horn cells. Conclusion Spontaneous conus medullaris infarction can occur in healthy individuals and presents as cauda equina syndrome. Findings of needle EMG studies indicate a progressive course of sacrum anterior horn cell disorder during long-term follow-up.

Retrospective cohort study with prospective long-term follow-up in cauda equina syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. S15-S16
Author(s):  
Adam Devany ◽  
Steele Nick ◽  
Marya Shivan ◽  
Gill Damien ◽  
Crawford Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Cauda Equina Syndrome ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

scholarly journals Fibromuscular dysplasia with recurrence after “long-term” following percutaneous transcatheter renal angioplasty: two case reports with a review of 26 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuntaro Oribe ◽  
Takafumi Toyohara ◽  
Eikan Mishima ◽  
Takehiro Suzuki ◽  
Koichi Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibromuscular Dysplasia ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Renal Angioplasty ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Percutaneous Transluminal Renal Angioplasty ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) often causes renal artery stenosis with renovascular hypertension. Recent clinical outcomes encourage percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) to treat FMD; however, the necessary follow-up period remains unclear. Moreover, previous studies have not revealed the difference in the period until recurrence between two major types of FMD—multifocal and focal. Case presentation We describe two patients with multifocal FMD who developed hypertension during their teenage years and had recurrence of FMD > 10 years after PTRA. We further examined the types of FMD and age of onset in 26 patients who underwent PTRA. The period until recurrence of multifocal FMD was longer than that of focal FMD. Moreover, patients with early-onset multifocal FMD are likely to have a delayed recurrence after PTRA compared to other types. Conclusions Our report suggests that patients with multifocal FMD, especially those with onset at an early age, may need long-term follow-up for at least ≥ 10 years.

Fifteen-minute consultation: how to identify and treat children with acute kidney injury

2021 ◽  
pp. edpract-2020-319928
Author(s):  
Maura Scott ◽  
Grace McCall
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Fluid Status ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is under-recognised in children and neonates. It is associated with increased mortality and morbidity along with an increased incidence of chronic kidney disease in adulthood. It is important that paediatricians are able to recognise AKI quickly, enabling prompt treatment of reversible causes. In this article, we demonstrate an approach to recognising paediatric AKI, cessation of nephrotoxic medication, appropriate investigations and the importance of accurately assessing fluid status. The mainstay of treatment is attempting to mimic the kidneys ability to provide electrolyte and fluid homeostasis; this requires close observation and careful fluid management. We discuss referral to paediatric nephrology and the importance of long-term follow-up. We present an approach to AKI through case-presentation.

Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of The Frontal Sinus: A Case Report

FACE ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 273250162110536
Author(s):  
Joshua Harrison ◽  
Samantha Marley ◽  
Shawhin Shahriari ◽  
Christian Bowers ◽  
Anil Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Extramedullary Plasmacytoma ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Solitary Plasmacytoma ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
History Of

We report a rare case of an extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) in the frontal sinus with an indolent clinical presentation. Although a history of trauma was absent, the initial diagnosis was a mucocele, based on the radiological findings. Upon surgical excision, the patient was found to have an EMP. EMP, a form of solitary plasmacytoma, has a significantly high rate of conversion to multiple myeloma. This mandates long-term follow-up, even after successful radiotherapy and/or resection. While radiation therapy is generally considered a first line treatment for EMP, surgical intervention may provide optimal treatment in complicated cases. This case presentation highlights the prognosis of patients diagnosed with EMP.

scholarly journals Paraganglioma in the posterior mediastinum: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Ho Nam ◽  
Jong-Seon Park ◽  
Joon Hyuk Choi
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Adrenergic Blockers ◽  
Adrenal Chromaffin ◽  
Paravertebral Mass ◽  
Lateral Thoracotomy

Abstract Background Paragangliomas are tumors that arise from extra-adrenal chromaffin cells. Herein, we present a rare case of a functional paraganglioma in the posterior mediastinum. Case presentation A 36-year-old man presented with paroxysms of chest pain and headache. At presentation, the patient’s blood pressure was 190/120 mmHg. Chest computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left paravertebral mass in the posterior mediastinum. 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scanning revealed focally high tracer uptake in the left paravertebral area. The metanephrine level in the urine was elevated, confirming a rare, catecholamine-producing, functional paraganglioma in the posterior mediastinum. Before surgery, the patient was prepared by orally administering α- and β-adrenergic blockers. The mass was then resected via a lateral thoracotomy. The metanephrine level in urine was normal 24 h after surgery. Conclusions Paragangliomas in the posterior mediastinum are very rare, but more than half of all cases are functional. The associated symptoms are curable with complete resection, and long-term follow-up for recurrence is important.

scholarly journals A case of hypokalemia-induced bidirectional ventricular tachycardia

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 030006052097144
Author(s):  
Yanan Xie ◽  
Jingzhe Han ◽  
Jinming Liu ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Xiuguang Zu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Serum Potassium Level ◽  
Electrical Storm ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
History Of

Background Bidirectional ventricular tachycardia (BVT) is a rare, but serious, arrhythmia. Hypokalemia is commonly found in clinical practice, but hypokalemia-induced BVT has rarely been reported. Case presentation A 74-year-old male patient with the symptoms of chest distress and palpitations was admitted owing to frequent discharge of his implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for 4 days. Before admission, the patient experienced diarrhea after intake of crabs, and felt frequent discharge of his ICD with a total of approximately 17 discharges in 4 days. He had no history of digitalis use. The serum potassium level after admission was 3.1 mmol/L and an electrocardiogram was consistent with BVT. The diagnosis was ventricular tachycardia, electrical storm, and hypokalemia. His ventricular tachycardia was completely relieved after correction of hypokalemia. Conclusions After correction of hypokalemia in this patient, the episode of BVT was terminated and no recurrence of BVT was observed during long-term follow-up. Our findings suggest the diagnosis of hypokalemia-induced BVT.

Long-term follow-up of a child with Klinefelter syndrome and achondroplasia from infancy to 16 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica D. Arditi ◽  
Loretta Thomaidis ◽  
Helen Frysira ◽  
Artemis Doulgeraki ◽  
George P. Chrousos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Chromosome Disorder

AbstractBackground:Achondroplasia (ACH), an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia, occurs in approximately 1:20,000 births. On the other hand, 47,XXY aneuploidy (Klinefelter syndrome [KS]) is the most common sex chromosome disorder, with a prevalence of approximately 1:600 males. To the best of our knowledge, only five cases of patients presenting both ACH and KS have been reported to date in the international literature. However, none of these cases has been longitudinally followed during the entire childhood.Case presentation:We report a male patient with ACH and KS, diagnosed in early infancy because of his typical phenotype of ACH. The diagnosis was confirmed by molecular analysis revealing a de novo heterozygous 1138 G-to-A mutation of theConclusions:This is the first reported case with both conditions that was diagnosed in infancy and was longitudinally followed by a pediatric endocrinology team regularly, from infancy to late adolescence. With a typical phenotype of ACH, it is striking and noteworthy that he did not develop the classical endocrine complications of a child with KS, neither did he necessitate testosterone supplementation during his pubertal development, due to his normal virilization and testosterone levels.

scholarly journals Penetrating Orbitocranial Injury With a Good Aesthetic and Functional Outcome: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Youssef Fahde ◽  
◽  
Davis Mpando ◽  
Mehdi Laghmari ◽  
Houssine Ghannane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Frontal Horn ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Life Threatening

Background and Importance: Transorbitocranial assaults with sharp objects like a knife are rare neuro-ophthalmologic emergencies. However, they can have dramatic functional and life-threatening consequences. Our presentation aims to report the importance of an urgent multidisciplinary approach and to raise awareness among the general population on the importance of preventing violent behavior. Case Presentation: A 33-year-old man was a victim of a knife attack without obvious brain or ophthalmological lesions. The knife entered the medial part of the orbit. Neurological examination was normal, and Computed Tomography (CT) scan showed intracranial trajectory through the orbit to the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle. The knife was extracted without complications. The patient reported spectacular improvement in visual acuity without neurological or oculomotor deficit at long-term follow-up. In this case report, we will discuss the radiological diagnosis and surgical management of transorbital and orbitocranial injuries by foreign body penetration. Conclusion: Urgent multidisciplinary management in orbitocranial trauma by stabbing is mandatory to avoid life-threatening complications and irreversible damages.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Surgery Management of Hydronephrosis Secondary to Left Paraduodenal Hernia in Cryptorchid: Case Report and a Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yong Guan ◽  
Yong Wu ◽  
QingYa Meng
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Paraduodenal Hernia ◽  
Medical Work ◽  
Secondary Surgery ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Left Ureter ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Surgery Management

Abstract Background: Left paraduodenal hernia (PDH) is a mesenterico-parietal hernia with retroperitoneal retrocolic herniation of the small bowel into a sac formed by a peritoneal fold located near the fourth portion of the duodenum. It’s a rare cause of hydronephrosis by compressed the upper left ureter. Traditionally, PDH are treated by laparotomy.Case presentation: An 8-year-old boy’s primary purpose was the treatment of cryptorchidism. But hydronephrosis was detected and it was induced by left paraduodenal hernia. Diagnostic laparoscopic exploration confirmed the diagnosis left paraduodenal hernia secondary hydronephrosis. Cryptorchidism was the primary purpose of treatment. The patient was treated with laparoscopic surgery, fixed left paraduodenal hernia, released the ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and treated hydronephrosis.Conclusion: Secondary surgery for treating cryptorchidism would be performed and the long-term follow up was necessary.This case suggests us a rare cause of hydronephrosis in children. Every why has a wherefore. We must pay much attention to any unusual details in our medical work even though these details aren’t related to our primary objects.

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