scholarly journals Changes in pulse waveforms in response to intraocular pressure elevation determined by laser speckle flowgraphy in healthy subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chie Iwase ◽  
Takeshi Iwase ◽  
Ryo Tomita ◽  
Tomohiko Akahori ◽  
Kentaro Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Laser Speckle Flowgraphy ◽  
Pulse Waveform ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Acceleration ◽  
Iop Elevation

Abstract Background The influences of intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations on the pulse waveform in the optic nerve head (ONH) were evaluated using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) in normal subjects. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Nagoya University Hospital. An ophthalmodynamometer was pressed on the sclera to increase the IOP by 20 mmHg or 30 mmHg for 1 min (experiment 1, 16 subjects) and by 30 mmHg for 10 min (experiment 2, 10 subjects). The mean blur rate (MBR) and the eight pulse waveform parameters determined using LSFG were measured before, immediately after and during an IOP elevation, and after the IOP returned to the baseline pressure. Results A significant elevation in the IOP and a significant reduction in the ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) were found after applying the ophthalmodynamometer (both, P < 0.001). The blowout score (BOS) reduced significantly (P < 0.001), and the flow acceleration index (FAI; P < 0.01) and resistivity index (RI; P < 0.001) increased significantly immediately after increasing the IOP by 20 or 30 mmHg (experiment 1). The BOS reduced significantly (P < 0.001), and the FAI (P < 0.01) and RI (P < 0.001) increased significantly after the IOP elevation by 30 mmHg in both experiment 2 and 1. However, the BOS and RI recovered significantly at time 10 compared to that in time 0 (immediately after IOP elevation) during the 10-min IOP elevation (P < 0.001 and P = 0.008, respectively). Conclusions In conclusion, the BOS, FAI, and RI of the pulse waveforms changed significantly with an acute elevation in the IOP. The change should be related to the larger difference between the maximum and minimum MBRs during the IOP elevation.

scholarly journals Changes in Pulse Waveforms in Response to Intraocular Pressure Elevation Determined by Laser Speckle Flowgraphy in Healthy Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chie Iwase ◽  
Takeshi Iwase ◽  
Ryo Tomita ◽  
Tomohiko Akahori ◽  
Eimei Ra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Laser Speckle Flowgraphy ◽  
Pulse Waveform ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Acceleration ◽  
Iop Elevation

Abstract Background: To determine whether autoregulation of the blood flow is present in the blood flow on the optic nerve head (ONH) by intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations using pulse waveform parameters determined by laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) in normal subjects.Methods: We conducted this prospective cross sectional study at the Nagoya University Hospital. An ophthalmodynamometer was pressed on the sclera to increase the IOP by 20 mmHg or 30 mmHg for 1 min (Experiment 1, 16 subjects) and by 30 mmHg for 10 min (Experiment 2, 10 subjects). The mean blur rate (MBR) and the eight pulse waveform parameters determined by LSFG were measured before, immediately after and during an IOP elevation, and after the IOP returned to the baseline pressure.Results: A significant elevation of the IOP and a significant reduction in the ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) were found after applying the ophthalmodynamometer (both, P<0.001). The blowout score (BOS) (P<0.001) was significantly reduced, and the flow acceleration index (FAI; P<0.01) and resistivity index (RI; P<0.001) was significantly increased immediately after increasing the IOP by 20 or 30 mmHg (Experiment 1). During the IOP elevation throughout the 10 min, the BOS and the RI significantly recovered to the baseline at time 10 compared to time 0, (P <0.001 and P = 0.008, respectively) (Experiment 2).Conclusions: Our results indicate that the blood flow on the ONH is autoregulated by several mechanisms for changes in the OPP induced by an elevation of the IOP in normal subjects.

The Connection between Urinary Equol Levels and the Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Takahito Chiba ◽  
Takuya Nagai ◽  
Futoshi Kohda ◽  
Takeshi Nakahara ◽  
Michihiro Kono
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Soy isoflavones and their metabolites such as equol have been associated with a reduced risk of hormone-sensitive tumors and metabolic syndromes. However, individual soy isoflavones and equol levels in atopic dermatitis remain uninvestigated. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this study is to compare the levels of urinary daidzein, genistein, and equol between atopic dermatitis patients and normal subjects and to examine the correlation between equol concentration and the severity of clinical symptoms. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A cross-sectional study was conducted at Akita University Hospital and Aso Iizuka Hospital in Japan. Fifty patients with confirmed atopic dermatitis diagnosis and 67 healthy controls were recruited. Daidzein, genistein, and equol in urine were measured by using a high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry system. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Urinary equol levels were significantly lower in the atopic dermatitis patients than in the healthy controls (<i>p</i> = 0.002). The difference was particularly noticeable in young people (6–19 years, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). No correlations were found between urinary equol levels and the severity of clinical symptoms and laboratory data in the atopic dermatitis patients. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Equol levels in childhood might be involved in the development of atopic dermatitis.

scholarly journals Time Course in Ocular Blood Flow and Pulse Waveform in a Case of Ocular Ischemic Syndrome with Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation

Vision ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ryo Yamazaki ◽  
Ryuya Hashimoto ◽  
Hidetaka Masahara ◽  
Masashi Sakamoto ◽  
Takatoshi Maeno
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Laser Speckle Flowgraphy ◽  
Pulse Waveform ◽  
Rubeosis Iridis ◽  
Ocular Ischemic Syndrome ◽  
Ischemic Syndrome

We report on a 70-year-old Japanese man with complaints of worsening left visual acuity who was diagnosed with ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) associated with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. A gonioscopy examination showed rubeosis iridis and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in the left eye (50 mmHg) at the baseline visit. The optic nerve head (ONH) and choroidal blood flow measured by laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) was impaired in the left eye compared with that in the right eye. Additionally, the blowout score (BOS), which indicates the variation of the mean blur rate (MBR) during systolic and diastolic periods, was decreased in the left eye. After treatment with an injection of bevacizumab and administration of Rho-associated kinase-inhibitor ripasudil eye drops, both ocular blood flow and BOS in each vascular bed gradually increased along with IOP reduction. The visual acuity also improved. The current case demonstrated increased blood flow and decreased fluctuation of blood flow in the ONH and choroid before and after the treatment in OIS with rubeosis iridis. The LSFG technique is useful to non-invasively assess the ocular circulation and pulse waveform in OIS.

scholarly journals Characterization of laser speckle flowgraphy pulse waveform parameters for the evaluation of the optic nerve head and retinal circulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuko Enomoto ◽  
Ayako Anraku ◽  
Goji Tomita ◽  
Aiko Iwase ◽  
Takashi Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Laser Speckle Flowgraphy ◽  
Pulse Waveform ◽  
Flow Acceleration ◽  
Ocular Circulation ◽  
Systemic Factors

AbstractTo characterize laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) pulse waveform parameters for ocular circulation evaluation, a multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in 111 eyes of 86 healthy Japanese individuals. Optic nerve head (ONH) tissue-area, vessel-area mean blur rate (MT and MV, respectively), and MT and MV pulse waveform parameters were obtained using LSFG and ONH structural parameters using planimetry. Multivariate linear mixed-effects modeled regression analysis identified factors contributing to MT- or MV-waveforms using age, gender, smoking history, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, intraocular pressure, axial length, disc, rim, and β-peripapillary atrophy areas, MT or MV, central retinal artery, and vein equivalents (CRAE and CRVE) as explanatory variables. MT- and MV-waveforms significantly correlated with one or more systemic factors, consistent with previous studies. Following confounding factor adjustment, MT-Skew significantly negatively correlated with β-PPA area (P = 0.026); MT- and MV-flow acceleration index positively correlated with CRAE, MT, and MV (P = 0.041–< 0.001), compatible with these parameters’ observed correlations to systemic factors. Significantly negative correlations of the blowout score and acceleration time index to CRAE partly conflicted with their correlations to systemic factors, and other waveform parameters showed little correlation to ocular factors. Thus, Skew and flow acceleration index assisted the in vivo ocular circulation characterization.

STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH HODGKIN AND NON - HODGKIN LYMPHOMA

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Mao Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histopathological Classification ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Key Words Lymphoma ◽  
Malignant Grade

Background: Lymphoma is one of the most ten common cancers in the world as well as in Vietnam which has been ever increasing. It was divided into 2 main groups Hodgkin and non – Hodgkin lymphoma in which non-Hodgkin lymphoma appeared more frequency, worse prognosis and different therapy. Objectives: - To describe some common characteristics in patients with non – Hodgkin lymphoma; - To determine the proportion between Hodgkin and non- Hodgkin lymphoma, histopathological classification of classical Hodgkin by modified Rye 1966 and non-Hodgkin lymphoma by Working Formulation (WF) of US national oncology institute 1982. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 65 patients with Hodgkin and non- Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed definitely by histopathology at Hue Central Hospital and Hue University Hospital. Results:. The ratio of male/female for the non-Hodgkin lymphoma was 1.14/1, the most frequent range of age was 51-60 accounting for 35%, not common under 40 years. Non - Hodgkin lymphoma appeared at lymph node was the most common (51.7%), at the extranodal site was rather high 48.3%. The non - Hodgkin lymphoma proportion was predominant 92.3% comparing to the Hodgkin lymphoma only 7.7%; The most WF type was WF7 (53.3%), following the WF6 18,3% and WF5 11,7%; The intermediate malignancy grade of non- Hodgkin lymphoma was the highest proportion accouting for 85%, then the low and the high one 8.3% and 6.7% respectively. Conclusion: The histopathological classification and the malignant grade of lymphoma for Hodgkin and non - Hodgkin lymphoma played a practical role for the prognosis and the treatment orientation, also a fundamental one for the modern classification of non - Hodgkin lymphoma nowadays. Key words: lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, classication, grade, histopathology, lymph node

Hepatitis A Seroprevalence Among Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran During 2016-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-751
Author(s):  
Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi ◽  
Neda Alijani ◽  
Mohammadreza Salehi ◽  
Omid Dadras ◽  
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reasonable Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prevention Method

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of exposure to hepatitis A by means of serologic markers in chronic hepatitis B patients, with the secondary aim of finding the best prevention method for hepatitis A infection in susceptible groups of our setting. Methods: During the period between 2016 and 2017, we recruited 403 hepatitis B patients aged more than 14 years and regularly attending the infectious diseases clinic at a referral university hospital, Tehran, Iran. A blood sample was collected from all the patients and tested for hepatitis A IgG. The data was analyzed by SPSS v.19. Results: Although none of the patients had previously received hepatitis A vaccine, the results for serologic level of hepatitis A IgG, demonstrated positive results in 379 (94%) cases. The mean age of patients with negative and positive IgG was 29.17 and 42.46 years, respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P≤0.001). The majority of seronegative patients were young adults aged < 25 years and 25 to 35 years (P <0.001). Conclusion: Seroprevalence of hepatitis A in chronic HBV patients in Iran is high. As HBV infected patients younger than 35 years could be seronagative for HAV infection, evaluation of these patients for HAV infection and vaccination of seronegative patients would be a reasonable approach.

Prevalence of Thyroid Diseases in an Occupationally Radiation Exposed Group: A Cross-Sectional Study in a University Hospital of Southern Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Vimercati ◽  
Luigi De Maria ◽  
Francesca Mansi ◽  
Antonio Caputi ◽  
Giovanni M. Ferri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exposed Workers

Background: Thyroid diseases occur more frequently in people exposed to ionizing radiation, but the relationship between occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and thyroid pathologies still remains unclear. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of thyroid diseases in healthcare workers exposed to low-level ionizing radiation compared with a control group working at the University Hospital of Bari, Southern Italy, and living in the same geographical area, characterized by mild iodine deficiency. Methods: We ran a cross-sectional study to investigate whether healthcare workers exposed to ionizing radiation had a higher prevalence of thyroid diseases. Four hundred and forty-four exposed healthcare workers (241 more exposed, or “A Category”, and 203 less exposed, or “B Category”) and 614 nonexposed healthcare workers were enrolled during a routine examination at the Occupational Health Unit. They were asked to fill in an anamnestic questionnaire and undergo a physical examination, serum determination of fT3, fT4 and TSH, anti-TPO ab and anti-TG ab and ultrasound neck scan. Thyroid nodules were submitted to fine needle aspiration biopsy when indicated. Results: The prevalence of thyroid diseases was statistically higher in the exposed workers compared to controls (40% vs 29%, adPR 1.65; IC95% 1.34-2.07). In particular, the thyroid nodularity prevalence in the exposed group was approximately twice as high as that in the controls (29% vs 13%; adPR 2.83; IC95% 2.12-3.8). No statistically significant association was found between exposure to ionizing radiation and other thyroid diseases. Conclusion: In our study, mild ionizing radiation-exposed healthcare workers had a statistically higher prevalence of thyroid diseases than the control group. The results are likely due to a closer and more meticulous health surveillance programme carried out in the ionising radiation-exposed workers, allowing them to identify thyroid alterations earlier than non-exposed health staff.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life in different trimesters during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huailiang Wu ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Hanqing Chen ◽  
Yanxin Wu ◽  
Wenjing Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background Pregnant women experience physical, physiological, and mental changes. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a relevant indicator of psychological and physical behaviours, changing over the course of pregnancy. This study aims to assess HRQoL of pregnant women during different stages of pregnancy. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed using the The EuroQoL Group’s five-dimension five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) to assess the HRQoL of pregnant women, and demographic data were collected. This study was conducted in a regional university hospital in Guangzhou, China. Results A total of 908 pregnant women were included in this study. Pregnant women in the early 2nd trimester had the highest HRQoL. The HRQoL of pregnant women rose from the 1st trimester to the early 2nd trimester, and dropped to the bottom at the late 3rd trimester due to some physical and mental changes. Reports of pain/discomfort problem were the most common (46.0%) while self-care were the least concern. More than 10% of pregnant women in the 1st trimester had health-related problems in at least one dimension of whole five dimensions. In the whole sample, the EuroQoL Group’s visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) was 87.86 ± 9.16. Across the gestational stages, the HRQoL remained stable during the pregnancy but the highest value was observed in the 1st trimester (89.65 ± 10.13) while the lowest was in the late 3rd trimester (87.28 ± 9.13). Conclusions During pregnancy, HRQoL were associated with gestational trimesters in a certain degree. HRQoL was the highest in the early 2nd trimester and then decreased to the lowest in the late 3rd trimester due to a series of physical and psychological changes. Therefore, obstetric doctors and medical institutions should give more attention and care to pregnant women in the late 3rd trimester.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document