scholarly journals A comparison of the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among circumcised and uncircumcised adult males in Rustenburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanchard Mbay Iyemosolo ◽  
Tawanda Chivese ◽  
Tonya M. Esterhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Mining Town

Abstract Background South Africa has a persistent burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Male circumcision has been shown to be effective in preventing HIV and STIs, but data are scarce on the protective effect of circumcision in high-risk populations such as migrant miners. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of medical and traditional circumcision on the prevalence of STIs after adjusting for other risk factors in Rustenburg, a mining town in North West Province, South Africa. Methods This cross-sectional study used baseline data collected from a cohort study. Adult males in a mining town were assessed for STIs (gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis) using syndromic assessment. Data on circumcision status and other risk factors for STI syndromes were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The following symptoms were assessed; penile discharge, painful urination, dyspareunia or penile sores. These symptoms indicate sexually transmitted infection in general since laboratory tests were not performed. Multivariable log binomial regression was used to assess the independent effect of circumcision on STI presence after adjusting for confounders. Results A total of 339 participants with a median age of 25 years (IQR 22–29) were included in the study, of whom 116 (34.2%) were circumcised. The overall STIs prevalence was 27.4% (95% CI 22.8 to 32.6%) and was lower in the circumcised participants compared with those who were uncircumcised (15.5% vs 33.6%, respectively, p < 0.001). Both medical (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34–0.95, p = 0.030) and traditional circumcision (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.13–0.86, p = 0.022) were strongly associated with a lower risk of STIs after adjustment for employment and condom use. Conclusion In this high-risk population in a mining town in South Africa, with a relatively high prevalence of STIs, and where one third of males are circumcised, both medical and traditional circumcision appear to be protective against STIs.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Circumcised and Uncircumcised Adult Males in Rustenburg, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanchard Mbay Iyemosolo ◽  
Tawanda Chivese ◽  
Tonya Marianne Esterhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Mining Town

Abstract BackgroundSouth Africa has a persistent burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Male circumcision has been shown to be effective in preventing HIV, and STIs but data are scarce on the protective effect of circumcision in high-risk populations such as migrant miners. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of medical and traditional circumcision on the prevalence of STIs after adjusting for other risk factors in Rustenburg, a mining town in North West Province, South Africa.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used baseline data collected from a cohort study. Adult males in a mining town were assessed for STIs (gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis) using syndromic assessment. Data on circumcision status and other risk factors for STIs were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Multivariable log binomial regression was used to assess the independent effect of circumcision on STI presence after adjusting for confounders.ResultsA total of 339 participants with a median age of 25 years (IQR 22-29) were included in the study, of whom 116 (34.2%) were circumcised. The overall STIs prevalence was 27.4% (95% CI 22.8% to 32.6%) and was lower in the circumcised participants compared with those who were uncircumcised (15.5% vs 33.6%, respectively, p<0.001). Both medical (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.95, p = 0.030) and traditional circumcision (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.13-0.86, p = 0.022) were strongly associated with a lower risk of STIs after adjustment for employment and condom use. ConclusionIn this high-risk population, with a relatively high prevalence of STIs, and where one third of males are circumcised, both medical and traditional circumcision appear to be protective against STIs.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Circumcised and Uncircumcised Adult Males in Rustenburg, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanchard Mbay Iyemosolo ◽  
Tawanda Chivese ◽  
Tonya Marianne Esterhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Mining Town

Abstract Background South Africa has a persistent burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Male circumcision has been shown to be effective in preventing HIV, and STIs but data are scarce on the protective effect of circumcision in high-risk populations such as migrant miners. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of medical and traditional circumcision on the prevalence of STIs after adjusting for other risk factors in Rustenburg, a mining town in North West Province, South Africa.Methods This cross-sectional study used baseline data collected from a cohort study. Adult males in a mining town were assessed for STIs (gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis) using syndromic assessment. Data on circumcision status and other risk factors for STIs were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent effect of circumcision on STI presence after adjusting for confounders. Results A total of 339 participants with a median age of 25 years (IQR 22-29) were included in the study, of whom 116 (34.2%) were circumcised. The overall STIs prevalence was 27.4% (95% CI 22.8% to 32.6%) and was lower in the circumcised participants compared with those who were uncircumcised (15.5% vs 33.6%, respectively, p<0.001). Both medical (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.95, p = 0.030) and traditional circumcision (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.13-0.86, p = 0.022) were strongly associated with a lower risk of STIs after adjustment for employment and condom use. Conclusion In this high-risk population, with a relatively high prevalence of STIs, and 34% circumcision, both medical and traditional circumcision appear to be protective against STIs.

Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk Factors Among Young People in a Public Health Center in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyde Daiane de Peder ◽  
Claudinei Mesquita da Silva ◽  
Bruna Larissa Nascimento ◽  
Josi Any Malizan ◽  
Heloise Skiavine Madeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

scholarly journals Serological Profile of Syphilis in Patients Attending the STI / RTI Clinic at Government General Hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh – A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 1122-1126
Author(s):  
Suneetha Devi Chappidi v ◽  
Sowmya Srirama ◽  
Syam Sundar Junapudi
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

BACKGROUND Sexually transmitted infections (STI) are ancient and are as old as human existence. They are closely interlinked with the human sexual behaviour. Syphilis well known for its systemic complications in the pre-antibiotic era is described as the ‘great imitator’ by Sir William Osler, the father of modern medicine. In the present era of human immuno deficiency virus disease / acquired immuno deficiency syndrome, STI control has been made as first priority, because of their close association and interaction. Syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum is diagnosed most often on clinical suspicion supplemented by laboratory diagnosis, where serological tests for syphilis play a key role / main role. METHODS This study is a hospital based cross sectional study that consisted of 416 cases among which, 276 were females, 140 were males who had attended the STI / RTI clinic. The study period was from July 2011 to September 2012. Blood samples were drawn from all the patients (who were willing to be included in the study) attending the RTI / STI clinic, GGH, Guntur after taking consent. All the sera were tested by rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test and the sera was screened simultaneously for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Those sera which were tested reactive for RPR were further tested in dilutions to know the titres. Later the sera tested reactive for RPR were further tested by a specific test, Treponema pallidum haemagglutination (TPHA). RESULTS Of the total 19 (4.56 %) persons tested reactive for RPR, males were 10 (7.14 %), females were 9 (3.26 %), and these were further tested for TPHA. Of the 19 tested for TPHA, a total of 16 (84.21 %) were positive for TPHA of which males were 9 (90 %) and females were 7 (77.78 %). Among the 16 patients, positive for serological test for syphilis (STS), 13 (81.25 %) fall in the age group of 21 - 40, 2 (12.50 %) in the age group of ≤ 20, and 1 (6.25 %) is above 60 years of age. CONCLUSIONS In this study it was seen that out of the 16 syphilis cases, 9 were HIV reactive, 3 were non-reactive for HIV and 4 were of unknown status, showing that the rate was more among the HIV reactive group. The prevalence rate of syphilis among the 66 tested patients belonging to the high-risk group was 6.06 % and in nonhigh-risk group was 3.12 %, showing that it was more in people belonging to high risk group. KEYWORDS Serological Profile, Syphilis, Treponema pallidum, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), People Living with HIV / AIDS (PHLA)

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Circumcised and Uncircumcised Adult Males in Rustenburg, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanchard Mbay Iyemosolo ◽  
Tawanda Chivese ◽  
Tonya Marianne Esterhuizen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Screening And Surveillance

Abstract Background South Africa has a persistent burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), despite improvements in prevention, treatment, screening, and surveillance. Male circumcision has been shown to be effective in preventing HIV, and other STIs. However, there is minimal data on the protective effect of circumcision in high-risk populations such as migrant miners. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of STIs between circumcised and uncircumcised adult males in Rustenburg, North West Province, South Africa Methods The study used baseline data collected in an observational cohort study. Adult males in a mining town were assessed for STIs (gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis) using syndromic assessment. Data on circumcision status and other risk factors for STIs were collected using an interview administered structured questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent effect of circumcision on STI presence after adjusting for confounders. Results A total of 339 participants with a median age of 25 years (IQR 22–29) were included in the study, of whom 116 (34.2%) of whom were circumcised. The overall STIs prevalence was 27.4% (95% CI 22.8–32.6%) and was lower in the circumcised participants compared with those who were uncircumcised (15.5% vs 33.6%, respectively, p < 0.001). Circumcision was strongly associated with a lower risk of STIs (OR 0.359, 95% CI 0.196–0.656, p = 0.001) after adjustment for employment and condom use. Conclusion In this high-risk population, with a relatively high prevalence of STI, and 34% circumcision, circumcision appears to be protective against STIs.

High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk Factors Among HIV-Positive Individuals in Yunnan, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tu ◽  
Yu-Ye Li ◽  
Yi-Qun Kuang ◽  
Rong-Hui Xie ◽  
Xing-Qi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Yunnan has the highest rates of HIV in the country. Other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with accelerated HIV transmission and poor ART outcomes, but are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms. Methods We recruited 406 HIV-positive participants for a cross-sectional study (204 ART-naive and 202 ART). Blood samples and first-voided urine samples were collected. Real-time polymerase chain reaction methods were used for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG). Syphilis and HSV-2 tests were also performed. Results Among 406 participants, the overall prevalence of STI was 47.0% and 45.1% in ART-naive individuals and 49.0% in ART individuals, respectively. Testing frequency was 11.6% (11.8% vs 11.4%), 33.2% (29.4% vs 37.1%), 3.2% (3.4% vs 3.0%), 2.0% (3.4% vs 0.5%) and 4.7% (6.4% vs 3.0%) for active syphilis, HSV-2, chlamydia, gonorrhoeae and genitalium. Percentage of multiple infections in both groups was 10.8% (22/204) in ART-naive participants and 9.9% (20/202) in ART participants. Females, age between 18 to 35 years, ever injected drugs, homosexual or bisexual, HIV/HBV coinfection, and not receiving ART were identified as risk factors. Self-reported asymptom was not eliminating of having a laboratory-diagnosed STI. Conclusions STI prevalence was 47.0% (45.1% vs 49.0%), HSV-2, syphilis and MG were the most common STIs in HIV-infected individuals. We found high prevalence (6.4%) of Mycoplasma genitalium in ART-naive individuals. ART can reduce the diversity of STI-HIV coinfection but not the prevalence. HIV-positive individuals tend to neglect or maybe hide their genital tract discomfort, thus we suggest strengthening STI joint screening and treatment services among HIV-infected individuals whether they describe genital tract discomfort or not.

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