scholarly journals Perception and experiences of sexual harassment among women working in hospitality workplaces of Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Dile Worke ◽  
Zewdie Birhanu Koricha ◽  
Gurmesa Tura Debelew
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Background Workplace sexual harassment is a public health problem that depends on gender, context, and perceived ideology. Although studies have documented the prevalence and consequences of workplace sexual harassment worldwide, victims’ perceptions and experiences are still poorly understood in low and middle-income countries, particularly Ethiopia. Female workers in the hospitality industry, including hotels, bars, restaurants, fast-food restaurants, and cafeterias, are particularly affected. Hence, this study aimed to explore sexual harassment perceptions and experiences among women working in these workplaces. Methods An exploratory qualitative study was conducted from 1 January to 30 August 2019. Data were collected from female employees and key informants from several hospitality workplaces in Bahir Dar City. Data were collected through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and key-informant interviews. Women who experienced sexual harassment were selected using the snowball method, and key informants were recruited purposefully. Six focus group discussions, ten in-depth interviews, and thirteen key informant interviews were conducted. Data were analysed using the ATLAS ti version 8.4.24. Results In this study, most participants perceived that sexual harassment is pressuring, threatening, touching, abducting sexual advances, and experiencing verbal, physical, and non-verbal types. Similarly, the perceived risk factors were related to the organisations, the customers, and the victims, with the consequences being work-related, health-related, financial-related, and family-related. Conclusions Workplace sexual harassment in hospitality workplaces is poorly understood, but many women experience it. A variety of factors also caused it, and it influenced both organisations and people. Public awareness programs, pre-service preparation, in-service training, prevention, and psychosocial support are needed. Similarly, policies and strategies for the organisations should be developed and implemented.

scholarly journals Perception and Experiences of Sexual Harassment among Women Working in Hospitality Workplaces of Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia: A qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Dile Worke ◽  
Zewdie Birhanu Koricha ◽  
Gurmesa Tura Debelew
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Women Employees ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Background: Workplace sexual harassment is a public health problem that depends on gender, context, and perceivers ideology. Though studies documented the prevalence and consequences worldwide, the perception, experience, risk, and effects on victims are still at an earlier stage and not well understood in low and middle-income countries, particularly Ethiopia. The issue is worsened among women employees in the hospitality workplace that comprises hotels, bars, restaurants, fast-food establishments, and cafeterias. Hence, this study aimed to explore workplace sexual harassment perception and experience among women in these workplaces.Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted from January 1 to August 30, 2019. Data were collected from women employees, managers, cashiers, and customers from several hospitality workplaces in the Bahir Dar City. The data were collected through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and key-informant interviews. Women who experienced sexual harassment were selected using the snowball method, and the key informants were recruited purposefully until the data theoretically saturated. Key informants who were supposed to give adequate information to study objectives were selected. The selection process was based on their responsibility concerning women working in hospitality workplaces. Data were analyzed via the thematic analysis approach using the ATLAS ti version 8.4.24 software package. Results: In this study, six focus group discussions, ten in-depth interviews, and thirteen key informant interviews were conducted. The majority of the participants perceived that sexual harassment is pressuring, threatening, touching, abducting for sexual advances; and experienced verbal, physical, and non-verbal forms. Similarly, the perceived risk factors were organization related, customer-related, victim-related; and the consequences were work-related, health-related, finance-related, and family undermining.Conclusions: Workplace sexual harassment in hospitality workplaces was poorly understood but widely experienced by women. It was also caused by multiple factors and affected both organizational and individual-level factors. Awareness creation campaigns, pre-service education, and in-service training, prevention, and rehabilitation are needed. Likewise, organizational policies and strategies should have to be developed and implemented.

scholarly journals Sexual and reproductive health of Syrian refugee adolescent girls: a qualitative study using focus group discussions in an urban setting in Lebanon

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayan Korri ◽  
Sabine Hess ◽  
Guenter Froeschl ◽  
Olena Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background The war in Syria caused the forced displacement of millions of Syrians to neighboring countries. Lebanon is the host country with the largest overall number of Syrian refugees per capita. Adolescent refugee girls experience a unique level of vulnerability during human emergencies and are at increased risk of suffering from poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. We conducted an exploratory qualitative study to learn about the SRH perceptions and experiences of refugee adolescent girls living in Bourj Hammoud, an urban setting in Lebanon. Methods We employed a qualitative design with eight focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted with 40 Syrian Arab and Syrian Kurdish adolescent girls between January and March 2020. Every FGD consisted of five participants aged 13 to 17 years. A semi-structured guide was used covering multiple themes: menstruation, puberty, SRH awareness, and sexual harassment. FGDs were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings The participants discussed adolescent girls’ health and named six elements of good health, such as healthy activities and self-protection. The majority of the FGD participants reported a lack of awareness about menstruation when they experienced it for the first time and the social stigma associated with menstruation. When defining puberty, they indicated its social link to a girl’s readiness for marriage and her need to become cautious about sexual harassment. Most FGD participants had very poor knowledge of the female reproductive system. Mothers were the most approached persons to receive information on SRH issues; however, the girls indicated a wish to receive advice from specialists in a comfortable and private atmosphere. All the girls reported that either they themselves, or an acquaintance, had experienced some type of sexual harassment. The girls rarely reported those incidents due to fear of being blamed or subjected to mobility restrictions, or forced to drop out of school. Conclusions The findings show the refugee girls need for satisfactory knowledge on SRH issues and interventions to prevent sexual and gender-based violence that take into consideration the complexity of urban settings.

scholarly journals Persepsi Ibu Terhadap Iklan Vaksin Measles Rubella (MR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muslimah Muslimah ◽  
Dian Ayubi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Depth Interviews

Measles and Rubella (MR) is a disease that is highly contagious and usually occurs in children aged 9 months until the age of 15 years. One effort that can be done to reduce the incidence of the disease is through health promotion about the importance of immunization. Purpose the promotion was packaged in the form of advertisements on electronic media with the aim of building perceptions that the importance of immunization for public health. Methods this research was a qualitative study with a method of collecting in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The number of informants in this study was 19 mothers who had children aged 0.9 to 15 years in one of the Puskesmas work areas in Merangin District, Jambi Province. Before the data collection process, all informants were asked to see two MR immunization advertisements. Results that immunization advertisements are interesting and contain humor. Meanwhile, informants who did not give MR immunization to their children tended to be negative towards MR immunization advertisements and tended to ignore the effects that arose if they did not give immunizations to their children. The recommendation that MR immunization advertisements should avoid using the fear arousal method and use the pay off idea method in those ads

Myth of the Informal Sector: A Study on the Sexual Harassment of Female Adolescents in Four Motor Garages in Ilorin, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Arazeem Abdullahi ◽  
Mariam Seedat Khan ◽  
Tomilola Ifeoluwa Ajimati
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract This study investigates the vulnerability of the female adolescent to sexual harassment in motor garages in Ilorin, Nigeria. While informal organizations such as motor garages remain the stronghold of the economy in Ilorin, they also provide fertile-grounds for sexual harassment of female adolescents. This study explored the patterns, perceptions, and experiences of female adolescent hawkers who experienced sexual harassment in four selected motor garages in Ilorin, Nigeria. Data for this study was gathered using semi-structured, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The study found that sexual harassment of female adolescents in motor garages in Ilorin was pervasive, widespread, and alarming. All participants disclosed they had experienced some forms of sexual harassment in their day-to-day activities. However, perceptions about the severity of the sexual harassment vary from early, middle to late adolescents interviewed. Although, none of the participants disclosed being raped, some revealed that some of their friends had been victims of rape. This study recommends measures to minimize sexual harassment in informal organizations such as motor garages in Ilorin.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING LOW UPTAKE OF MASS TREATMENT FOR INTESTINAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN: A QUALITATIVE STUDY IN JINJA DISTRICT, UGANDA

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMON MUHUMUZA ◽  
ANNETTE OLSEN ◽  
FRED NUWAHA ◽  
ANNE KATAHOIRE
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
School Children ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
School Feeding ◽  
Intestinal Schistosomiasis ◽  
Key Informant

SummaryDespite attempts to control intestinal schistosomiasis through school-based mass drug administration (MDA) with praziquantel using school teachers in Uganda, less than 30% of the school children take the treatment in some areas. The aim of the study was to understand why the uptake of praziquantel among school children is low and to suggest strategies for improved uptake. This was a cross-sectional qualitative study in which 24 focus group discussions and 15 key informant interviews were conducted 2 months after MDA. The focus group discussions were held with school children in twelve primary schools and the key informant interviews were held with school teachers, sub-county health assistants and the District Vector Control Officer. The study shows that the low uptake of praziquantel among school children is a result of a complex interplay between individual, interpersonal, institutional, community and public policy factors. The individual and interpersonal factors underpinning the low uptake include inadequate information about schistosomiasis prevention, beliefs and attitudes in the community about treatment of schistosomiasis and shared concerns among children and teachers about the side-effects of praziquantel, especially when the drug is taken on an empty stomach. The institutional, policy and community factors include inadequate preparation and facilitation of teachers and the school feeding policy, which requires parents to take responsibility for providing their children with food while at school, yet many parents cannot meet the cost of a daily meal due to the prevailing poverty in the area. It is concluded that strategies to improve uptake of praziquantel among school children need to be multi-pronged addressing not only the preparation and motivation of teachers and health education for children, but also the economic and political aspects of drug distribution, including the school feeding policy.

scholarly journals Iterative Adaptation of a Maternal Nutrition Videos mHealth Intervention Across Countries Using Human-Centered Design: Qualitative Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Isler ◽  
N Hélène Sawadogo ◽  
Guy Harling ◽  
Till Bärnighausen ◽  
Maya Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
South African ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Video Adaptation ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Depth Interviews

BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) video interventions are often transferred across settings. Although the outcomes of these transferred interventions are frequently published, the process of adapting such videos is less described, particularly within and across lower-income contexts. This study fills a gap in the literature by outlining experiences and priorities adapting a suite of South African maternal nutrition videos to the context of rural Burkina Faso. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the key components in adapting a suite of maternal nutrition mHealth videos across settings. METHODS Guided by the principles of human-centered design, this qualitative study included 10 focus group discussions, 30 in-depth interviews, and 30 observations. We first used focus group discussions to capture insights on local nutrition and impressions of the original (South African) videos. After making rapid adjustments based on these focus group discussions, we used additional methods (focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and observations) to identify challenges, essential video refinements, and preferences in terms of content delivery. All data were collected in French or Dioula, recorded, transcribed, and translated as necessary into French before being thematically coded by two authors. RESULTS We propose a 3-pronged Video Adaptation Framework that places the aim of video adaptation at the center of a triangle framed by end recipients, health workers, and the environment. End recipients (here, pregnant or lactating mothers) directed us to (1) align the appearance, priorities, and practices of the video’s protagonist to those of Burkinabe women; (2) be mindful of local realities whether economic, health-related, or educational; and (3) identify and routinely reiterate key points throughout videos and via reminder cards. Health workers (here, Community Health Workers and Mentor Mothers delivering the videos) guided us to (1) improve technology training, (2) simplify language and images, and (3) increase the frequency of their engagements with end recipients. In terms of the environment, respondents guided us to localize climate, vegetation, diction, and how foods are depicted. CONCLUSIONS Design research provided valuable insights in terms of developing a framework for video adaptation across settings, which other interventionists and scholars can use to guide adaptations of similar interventions.

scholarly journals Qualitative exploration of sociocultural determinants of health inequities of Dalit population in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e022906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraful Kabir ◽  
Mathilde Rose Louise Maitrot ◽  
Ahsan Ali ◽  
Nadia Farhana ◽  
Bart Criel
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Depth Interviews

ObjectivesIn recent years, Bangladesh has made remarkable advances in health outcomes; however, the benefits of these gains are unequally shared among citizens and population groups. Dalits (jaatsweepers), a marginalised traditional working community, have relatively poor access to healthcare services. This study sought to explore the sociopolitical and cultural factors associated with health inequalities among Dalits in an urban setting.DesignAn exploratory qualitative study design was adopted. Fourteen in-depth interviews, five focus group discussions and seven key informant interviews were conducted. The acquired data were analysed using an iterative approach which incorporated deductive and inductive methods in identifying codes and themes.SettingsThis study was conducted in two sweeper communities in Dhaka city.ParticipantsParticipants were Dalit men and women (in-depth interviews, mean age±SD 30±10; and focus group discussions), and the community leaders and non-governmental organisation workers (key informant interviews).ResultsThe health status of members of these Dalit groups is determined by an array of social, economic and political factors. Dalits (untouchables) are typically considered to fall outside the caste-based social structure and existing vulnerabilities are embedded and reinforced by this identity. Dalits’ experience of precarious access to healthcare or poor healthcare is an important manifestation of these inequalities and has implications for the economic and social life of Dalit populations living together in geographically constrained spaces.ConclusionsThe provision of clinical healthcare services alone is insufficient to mitigate the negative effects of discriminations and to improve the health status of Dalits. A better understanding of the precise influences of sociocultural determinants of health inequalities is needed, together with the identification of the strategies and programmes needed to address these determinants with the aim of developing more inclusive health service delivery systems.

scholarly journals Experiences of patients who developed oral mucositis during solid neoplasms treatment: a Ugandan qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriane Kamulegeya ◽  
Damalie Nakanjako ◽  
Jackson Orem ◽  
Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Management Of Complications ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Background Research on the management of complications of chemotherapy is important in facilitating the growing approaches to individualized patient management. Hence the need to document patient’s perspectives about chemotherapy-induced mucositis and the support they need from cancer care teams. Methods We carried out a qualitative study using in-depth interviews (IDI) and focus group discussions (FGD). We collected patient’s experiences on chemotherapy-induced mucositis by conducting 5 FGD and 13 IDIs. Results One glaring improvement that we need to make is the provision of information and counseling before, during, and after chemotherapy. Additionally, we need to explore inexpensive mucositis preventive strategies to aid our patients as they undergo treatment. Conclusion As a country, we must move away from taking cancer patients’ needs as those of common tropical diseases. This will allow us to provide that extra help needed outside the usual diagnosis and administration of medication.

scholarly journals “Our culture prohibits some things”: Qualitative inquiry into how sociocultural context influences the scale up of community-based injectable contraceptives in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Akinyemi ◽  
Bronwyn Harris ◽  
Mary Kawonga
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Injectable Contraceptives ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractObjectivesTo explore how sociocultural factors may support or impede the adoption of community-based distribution of injectable contraceptives in Nigeria.DesignA qualitative study based on a grounded theory approach was conducted through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions.SettingMost participants lived in Gombe State, North East Nigeria. Other participants were from Ibadan (South West) and Abuja (Federal capital territory).ParticipantsThrough seven key informant interviews, 15 in-depth interviews and 10 focus group discussions, 102 participants were involved in the study.MethodsThis study, conducted in 2016 was part of a larger study on scale up of community-based distribution of injectable contraceptives. Qualitative data were collected from traditional and religious leaders, health workers and community members. The data were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using a thematic framework method.ResultsSociocultural challenges to scale up included patriarchy and men’s fear of losing control over their spouses, traditional and religious beliefs about fertility, and myths about contraceptives and family planning. As a result of deep-rooted beliefs that children are ‘divine blessings’ and that procreation should not be regulated, participants described a subtle resistance to uptake of injectable contraceptives. Since Gombe is largely a patriarchal society, male involvement emerged as important to the success of meaningful innovation uptake. Community leaders largely described their participation in the scale up process as active, although they also identified scope for further involvement and recognition.ConclusionScale up is more than setting up health sector implementing structures, training health workers and getting innovation supplies, but also requires preparedness which includes paying attention to complex contextual issues. This requires the health system and those who work in it, to move beyond a narrow health ‘comfort zone’ by actively engaging with, and learning from, those who are leading, caring for and living in, the community.Strengths and limitations of this studyThe study participants represented a range of stakeholders - users of injectable contraceptives, community members, providers and health system managers.Our results highlighted that scale up is influenced by several socio-cultural factors; thus, showing the importance of paying attention to complex contextual issues during innovation uptake.The findings of our study emphasized how health systems and communities should interact in order to ensure successful scale up of health innovations.As with any qualitative study, the findings of this study are not statistically generalizable.FundingThis research was supported by the Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA). CARTA is jointly led by the African Population and Health Research Center and the University of the Witwatersrand and funded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Grant No--B 8606.R02), Sida (Grant No:54100113), the DELTAS Africa Initiative (Grant No: 107768/Z/15/Z) and Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD). The DELTAS Africa Initiative is an independent funding scheme of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS)’s Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA) and supported by the New Partnership for Africa’s Development Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency) with funding from the Wellcome Trust (UK) and the UK government. The statements made and views expressed are solely the responsibility of the authors.Declarations of interestNone.

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