scholarly journals Bone microarchitectural parameters can detect oxytocin induced changes prior to bone density on mitigating bone deterioration in rabbit osteoporosis model using micro-CT

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyou Qiu ◽  
Cuisong Tang ◽  
Mario Serrano-Sosa ◽  
Jian Hu ◽  
Jingqi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Trabecular Thickness

Abstract Background This study is aimed to determine the efficacy of X-Ray Microtomography (micro-CT) in predicting oxytocin (OT) treatment response in rabbit osteoporosis(OP) model. Methods Sixty-five rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control group, ovariectomy (OVX) -vehicle and OVX-oxytocin group. The controls underwent sham surgery. OVX-vehicle and OVX-oxytocin groups were subjected to bilateral OVX. The rabbits in OVX-oxytocin group were injected with oxytocin. In the 0th, 4th, 8th, 10th and 12th weeks post OVX operation, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone micro-architectural parameters were measured in three groups. Results Bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), Trabecular Number (Tb.N), and Trabecular Thickness (Tb.Th) decreased, while Trabecular Spacing (Tb.Sp) and Structure Model Index (SMI) increased overtime in all the three groups. In OVX-oxytocin group, the bone deterioration tendency is slowing down compared with that of the OVX-vehicle group. The BMD of the OVX-oxytocin group was significantly lower than those in the OVX-vehicle group at 12th week (P = 0.017). BV/TV and Tb.Sp in OVX-oxytocin group changed significantly from 8th week (P = 0.043) and 12th week (P = 0.014), which is earlier than that of BMD and other bone micro-architectural parameters. Conclusion BV/TV and Tb.Sp changed prior to BMD and other bone micro-architectural parameters with oxytocin intervention, which indicate that they are more sensitive markers for predicting early osteoporosis and treatment monitoring when using micro-CT to evaluate osteoporosis rabbit model.

scholarly journals Antiosteoporosis Effect ofRadix ScutellariaeExtract on Density and Microstructure of Long Bones in Tail-Suspended Sprague-Dawley Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Rui Li ◽  
Guang-Wei Zhang ◽  
Yin-Bo Niu ◽  
Ya-Lei Pan ◽  
Yuan-Kun Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Hindlimb Unloading ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Radix Scutellariae

Radix Scutellariae (RS), a medicinal herb, is extensively employed in traditional Chinese medicines and modern herbal prescriptions. Two major flavonoids in RS were known to induce osteoblastic differentiation and inhibit osteoclast differentiation, respectively. This study aimed to investigate the effect ofRadix Scutellariaeextract (RSE) against bone loss induced by mechanical inactivity or weightlessness. A hindlimb unloading tail-suspended rat model (TS) was established to determine the effect of RSE on bone mineral density and bone microarchitecture. Treatment of RSE at 50 mg/kg/day and alendronate (ALE) at 2 mg/kg/day as positive control for 42 days significantly increased the bone mineral density and mechanical strength compared with TS group. Enhanced bone turnover markers by TS treatment were attenuated by RSE and ALE administration. Deterioration of bone trabecula induced by TS was prevented. Moreover, both treatments counteracted the reduction of bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness and number, and connectivity density. In conclusion, RSE was demonstrated for the first time to prevent osteoporosis induced by TS treatment, which suggests the potential application of RSE in the treatment of disuse-induced osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Comparison of Trabecular Bone Mineral Density Measurement Using Hounsfield Unit and Trabecular Microstructure in Orthodontic Patients Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1028
Author(s):  
Tae-Hyun Kim ◽  
Dong-Yul Lee ◽  
Seok-Ki Jung
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Trabecular Microstructure ◽  
Trabecular Number

The aim of this study was to measure the bone mineral density of specific regions of maxilla, mandible, and first cervical vertebra using the Hounsfield unit and trabecular microstructure pattern analysis and to compare the two methods. In this study, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained from 58 patients. Trabecular thickness, trabecular number, trabecular separation, and bone volume fraction were measured in 484 regions for trabecular microstructure parameters and Hounsfield unit was measured for the grayscale value. There was no difference in bone mineral density between the right and left side in every site and between males and females. Trabecular thickness and trabecular number were high in the order of anterior base of the maxilla, mandibular body, first cervical vertebra, and mandibular condyle. Bone volume fraction and Hounsfield unit were high in the order of anterior base of the maxilla, mandibular body, mandibular condyle, and first cervical vertebra (p < 0.05). Trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and bone volume fraction was positively correlated to the Hounsfield unit, and trabecular separation was negatively correlated to the Hounsfield unit (p < 0.005). This study suggests that it is possible to compare the bone mineral density of trabecular bone in various sites using the Hounsfield unit and trabecular microstructure pattern analysis.

scholarly journals Effect of Senolytic to alleviating Osteoporosis in Mice induced by Retinoic Acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 04016
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Yazhe Xiao ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Lian He
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Group A

Senolytic is a potential new anti-aging drug, and it is worth exploring whether it has an inhibitory effect on osteoporosis. Osteoporosis models in mice were established by gavage of retinoic acid(RA), and Senolytic drugs (dasatinib and quercetin) were used to treat for 8w. Serological indexes were measured, and bone mineral density was detected by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, then parameters of trabecular bone were quantified by μCT, by which three-dimensional images of lumbar trabecular bone were rebuild for comprehensive analysis. In osteoporosis model mice the content of serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase in mice were increased, the bone mineral density decreased, bone volume fraction and trabecular number decreased significantly, and the trabecular separation increased significantly. After applying the Senolytic drug, the serum calcium of group A and B were significantly lower than that of the blank control group. The alkaline phosphatase content in the two groups was (272.5±42.7)U/L and (258.4±90.2)U/L, which was also significantly lower than that in the blank control group (389.0±31.1)U/L. After the treatment of Senolytic, the bone mineral density of group A and group B were improved, the bone volume fraction were increased compared with the blank control group. The trabecular bone separation of the two groups was significantly reduced. Therefore, these reduced osteoporosis. From our study, it can be confirmed that the senolytic drug has a certain alleviating effect on osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Increased Microstructural Variability Is Associated With Decreased Structural Strength but With Increased Measures of Structural Ductility in Human Vertebrae

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janardhan Yerramshetty ◽  
Do-Gyoon Kim ◽  
Yener N. Yeni
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Microstructural Parameters ◽  
Apparent Modulus ◽  
Vertebral Strength

The lack of accuracy in the prediction of vertebral fracture risk from average density measurements, all external factors being equal, may be because bone mineral density (BMD) is less than a perfect surrogate for bone strength but also because strength alone may not be sufficient to fully characterize the structural failure of a vertebra. Apart from bone quantity, organization of micro-architecture would have a role in governing mechanical properties of vertebrae. An earlier study indicated that within-vertebra variability, measured as the coefficient of variation (COV) of bone volume fraction (BV/TV) or as COV of finite element-estimated apparent modulus (EFE) correlated well with vertebral strength [1]. Therefore, as an extension to our earlier study, we investigated i) whether the relationships of vertebral strength found with COV of BV/TV and COV of EFE could be extended to the COV of other micro-structural parameters and microcomputed tomography-estimated bone mineral density (μCT-BMD) and ii) whether COV of microstructural parameters were associated with structural ductility measures.

scholarly journals Micro-CT and histological analysis of Ti6Al7Nb custom made implants with hydroxyapatite and SiO2-TiO2 coatings in a rabbit model

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Armencea ◽  
Cristian Berce ◽  
Horatiu Rotaru ◽  
Simion Bran ◽  
Dan Leordean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Custom Made

Background and aim. Bone defect reconstruction in the maxillofacial area comes as a necessity after traumatic, oncological or congenital pathology. Custom made implant manufacturing, such as selective laser melting (SLM), is very helpful when bone reconstruction is needed. In the present study we assessed the osseointegration of custom made implants made of Ti6Al7Nb with two different coatings: SiO2-TiO2 and hydroxyapatite, by comparing the bone mineral density (BMD) measured on micro-CT and the histological mineralized bone surrounding the implants.Methods. Custom made – cylindrical type – implants were produced by selective laser melting, coated with SiO2-TiO2 and hydroxyapatite and implanted in the rabbit femur. The animals (divided into 3 groups) were sacrificed at 1, 3 and 6 months and the implants were removed together with the surrounding bone. Bone mineral density and histological examination of the bone-implant surface was performed for each group. Results. BMD and histological examination of the samples determined the quantity of mineralized bone at the implant site, showing a good percentage of mineralized bone for the coated implants at 1, 3 and 6 months,  The measurements for the implants without coating showed a significant lower quantity of mineralized bone at 3 months compared with the implants with coating, and a good quantity of mineralized bone at 6 months, showing a process of demineralization followed by remineralization in the last month. The measurements of BMD showed similar results with the histological examination.Conclusions. The use of micro-CT and the measurement of BMD are a reliable, minimally invasive and a quick method of osseointegration assessment.

Effects of short-term glucocorticoid administration on bone mineral density, biomechanics and microstructure in rats’ femur

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Chen ◽  
L Huang ◽  
J Zhu ◽  
K Wu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Trabecular Thickness

The effects of short-term use of oral glucocorticoid (GC) on the skeleton are not well defined. To address this gap, the influences of 7 days, 21 days of GC administration on femurs of intact rats were investigated. Forty 4-month-old female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (Cont) and prednisone-treated group (Pre) and administered either distilled water or prednisone acetate at doses of 3.5 mg/kg/day for 0, 7 and 21 days, respectively. All the femurs were harvested for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, biomechanical testing and micro computed tomography scan. The whole body weight, femur bone mineral density (BMD), all three-point bending test parameters, microstructural parameters increased or improved significantly in Cont at day 21 when compared to day 0. The whole body weight, distal femur BMD, Young’s modulus, bending stiffness, density of tissue volume and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) decreased, while structure model index and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) increased significantly in Pre at day 21 when compared to age-matched control but had no significant differences between day 7 and day 21. Our data demonstrate that 7-day use of prednisone does not influence on rats’ femur, and 21-day use of prednisone slows in rate of whole body weight gain, decreases femur metaphysis BMD and bone stiffness which mainly due to the deteriorated bone microstructure.

Micro‐CT analysis of the Lisfranc complex reveals higher bone mineral density in dorsal compared to plantar regions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa R. Requist ◽  
Yantarat Sripanich ◽  
Tim Rolvien ◽  
Amy L. Lenz ◽  
Alexej Barg
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ct Analysis

scholarly journals Effect of Denosumab on Bone Mineral Density and Markers of Bone Turnover among Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sánchez ◽  
L. R. Brun ◽  
H. Salerni ◽  
P. R. Costanzo ◽  
D. González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Resorption Marker ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Turnover Markers

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of denosumab (Dmab) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers after 1 year of treatment. Additionally, the effect of Dmab in bisphosphonate-naïve patients (BP-naïve) compared to patients previously treated with bisphosphonates (BP-prior) was analyzed. This retrospective study included 425 postmenopausal women treated with Dmab for 1 year in clinical practice conditions in specialized centers from Argentina. Participants were also divided according to previous bisphosphonate treatment into BP-naïve and BP-prior. A control group of patients treated with BP not switched to Dmab matched by sex, age, and body mass index was used. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. After 1 year of treatment with Dmab the bone formation markers total alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were significantly decreased (23.36% and 43.97%, resp.), as was the bone resorption marker s-CTX (69.61%). Significant increases in BMD were observed at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip without differences between BP-naïve and BP-prior. A better BMD response was found in BP-prior group compared with BP treated patients not switched to Dmab.Conclusion. Dmab treatment increased BMD and decreased bone turnover markers in the whole group, with similar response in BP-naïve and BP-prior patients. A better BMD response in BP-prior patients versus BP treated patients not switched to Dmab was observed.

scholarly journals Conditional disruption of IGF-I gene in type 1α collagen-expressing cells shows an essential role of IGF-I in skeletal anabolic response to loading

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (6) ◽  
pp. E1191-E1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekhar Kesavan ◽  
Jon E. Wergedal ◽  
K.-H. William Lau ◽  
Subburaman Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Bone Size ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Igf I ◽  
I Gene

To establish a causal role for locally produced IGF-I in the mechanical strain response in the bone, we have generated mice with conditional disruption of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I gene in type 1α2 collagen-expressing cells using the Cre-loxP approach. At 10 wk of age, loads adjusted to account for bone size difference were applied via four-point bending or axial loading (AL) in mice. Two wk of bending and AL produced significant increases in bone mineral density and bone size at the middiaphysis of wild-type (WT), but not knockout (KO), mice. In addition, AL produced an 8–25% increase in trabecular parameters (bone volume-tissue volume ratio, trabecular thickness, and trabecular bone mineral density) at the secondary spongiosa of WT, but not KO, mice. Histomorphometric analysis at the trabecular site revealed that AL increased osteoid width by 60% and decreased tartrate-resistance acidic phosphatase-labeled surface by 50% in the WT, but not KO, mice. Consistent with the in vivo data, blockade of IGF-I action with inhibitory IGF-binding protein (IGFBP4) in vitro completely abolished the fluid flow stress-induced MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation. One-way ANOVA revealed that expression levels of EFNB1, EFNB2, EFNA2, EphB2, and NR4a3 were different in the loaded bones of WT vs. KO mice and may, in part, be responsible for the increase in bone response to loading in the WT mice. In conclusion, IGF-I expressed in type 1 collagen-producing bone cells is critical for converting mechanical signal to anabolic signal in bone, and other growth factors cannot compensate for the loss of local IGF-I.

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