scholarly journals Effect of tetracyclines on pulpal and periodontal healing after tooth replantation: a systematic review of human and animal studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingmei Meng ◽  
Yandi Chen ◽  
Huidi Ren ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Tooth Replantation ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Periodontal Healing ◽  
Systemic Application

Abstract Background Pulpal and periodontal healing are two main concerns of delayed replantation of avulsed teeth. The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of topical and systemic application of tetracyclines on pulpal and periodontal healing after tooth replantation. Methods A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in six databases. This systematic review was carried out according to Cochrane Handbook and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results After exclusion of 246 irrelevant papers, 14 animal studies and one human study were included in this review. The human study showed that avulsed permanent teeth treated with doxycycline did not show a better clinical outcome for pulp and periodontal healing compared with treatment with normal saline. As for animal studies, significant more pulpal healing was observed in immature teeth treated with topical doxycycline in two researches, while another one study showed that there is no difference between teeth treated with normal saline and teeth treated with doxycycline. Systemic doxycycline exerted no significant effect on pulpal revascularization illustrated by one research. Only one out of four articles illustrated the positive effect of systemic tetracyclines on periodontal healing. One paper reported that intracanal application of demeclocycline promoted favorable periodontal healing. Two articles showed topical doxycycline contributed to favorable periodontal healing, while five studies showed no significant effect of topical tetracyclines on periodontal healing. Conclusions As a result of data heterogeneity and limitations of the studies, the effect of topical or systemic application of tetracyclines on pulpal and periodontal healing is inconclusive. More studies are required to get more clinically significant conclusions.

scholarly journals Influence of Coronal Preflaring on the Accuracy of Electronic Working Length Determination: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2760
Author(s):  
María León-López ◽  
Daniel Cabanillas-Balsera ◽  
Victoria Areal-Quecuty ◽  
Jenifer Martín-González ◽  
María C. Jiménez-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Meta Analyses

Aim. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the following PICO question: in extracted human permanent teeth, does preflaring, compared with unflared canals, influence the accuracy of WL determination with EAL? Material and Methods. A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA checklist, using the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies related to WL determination using EAL both in preflared and unflared root canals of extracted human teeth were included. The outcome of interest was the accuracy of the electronic WL determination. A quality assessment of the included studies was performed, determining the risk of bias. The meta-analyses were calculated with the 5.4 RevMan software using the inverse variance method with random effects. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021243412. Results. Ten experimental studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and most of them found that preflaring increases the accuracy of the EALs in WL determination. The calculated OR was 1.98 (95% CI = 1.65–2.37; p < 0.00001; I2 = 10%), indicating that the determination of WL by EALs is almost twice as accurate in preflared canals. The accuracy of Root ZX in WL determination increases more than three times (OR = 3.25; p < 0.00001). Preflaring with Protaper files significantly increases the accuracy of EALs (OR = 1.76; p < 0.00001). The total risk of bias of the included studies was low. No obvious publication bias was observed. Conclusions. The results indicate a significant increase in the accuracy of WL determination with EAL after preflaring, doubling the percentage of exact measurements. Preflaring should be recommended as an important step during mechanical enlargement of the root canal, not only because it improves the access of the files to the canal, but also because it allows one to obtain more accurate electronic determinations of WL.

scholarly journals Portal vein arterialization as a salvage procedure in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Majlesara ◽  
Omid Ghamarnejad ◽  
Elias Khajeh ◽  
Mohammad Golriz ◽  
Negin Gharabaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Salvage Procedure ◽  
Portal Vein Arterialization ◽  
Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Portal vein arterialization (PVA) is a possible option when hepatic artery reconstruction is impossible during liver resection. The aim of this study was to review the literature on the clinical application of PVA in hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery. Methods: We performed a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases until December 2019. Experimental (animal) studies, review articles and letters were excluded. Results: Twenty studies involving 57 patients were included. Cholangiocarcinoma was the most common indication for surgery (40 patients [74%]). An end-to-side anastomosis between a celiac trunk branch and the portal vein was the main PVA technique (35 patients [59%]). Portal hypertension was the most common longterm complication (12 patients [21%] after a mean of 4.1 mo). The median followup period was 12 (range 1–87) months. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 64%, 27% and 20%, respectively. Conclusion: Portal vein arterialization can be considered as a rescue option to improve the outcome in patients with acute liver de-arterialization when arterial reconstruction is not possible. To prevent portal hypertension and liver injuries due to thrombosis or overarterialization, vessel calibre adjustment and timely closure of the anastomosis should be considered. Further prospective experimental and clinical studies are needed to investigate the potential of this procedure in patients whose liver is suddenly de-arterialized during HPB procedures.

Zirconia Biocompatibility in Animal Studies - A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 376 ◽  
pp. 12-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanda Mihaela Popescu ◽  
Horia Octavian Manolea ◽  
Oana Andreea Diaconu ◽  
Veronica Mercuţ ◽  
Monica Scrieciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Powder Injection ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Abstract Screening

Zirconia is a metal used in dental implantology. Its biocompatibility was studied in vitro and in vivo, results of the studies being analyzed in reviews and meta analyses. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate biocompatibility of zirconia in animal studies in vivo expressed as results of histomorphometric tests. Databases were searched from 1980 until February 2016, with different combination of the following MeSH terms: zirconium, biocompatibility, dental implants, in vivo, animal studies. Letters to the editors, case reports, commentaries, review articles and articles published in other languages then English were excluded. The search of PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases yielded 690 titles. After abstract screening and duplicate discarding 50 articles were identified and finally, 40 were included in the review. Most of the studies compared zirconia with titanium, a well established material for dental implants. In majority of the studies zirconia showed a similar osseointegration with titanium. Surface implant treatments, like sandblasted and etched zirconia (ZrO2-SLA), alumina toughed zirconia (ATZ), and powder injection molding (PIM) were used to improve osseointegration of zirconia with good results. In the light of histomorphometric test, zirconia, no matter physical and structural forms tested, is a biocompatible material.

scholarly journals The Physiological Mechanisms of Effect of Vitamins and Amino Acids on Tendon and Muscle Healing: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-311
Author(s):  
Christopher Tack ◽  
Faye Shorthouse ◽  
Lindsy Kass
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms

Aims/Objectives: To evaluate the current literature via systematic review to ascertain whether amino acids/vitamins provide any influence on musculotendinous healing and if so, by which physiological mechanisms. Methods: EBSCO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase Classic/Embase, and MEDLINE were searched using terms including “vitamins,” “amino acids,” “healing,” “muscle,” and “tendon.” The primary search had 479 citations, of which 466 were excluded predominantly due to nonrandomized design. Randomized human and animal studies investigating all supplement types/forms of administration were included. Critical appraisal of internal validity was assessed using the Cochrane risk of Bias Tool or the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias Tool for human and animal studies, respectively. Two reviewers performed duel data extraction. Results: Twelve studies met criteria for inclusion: eight examined tendon healing and four examined muscle healing. All studies used animal models, except two human trials using a combined integrator. Narrative synthesis was performed via content analysis of demonstrated statistically significant effects and thematic analysis of proposed physiological mechanisms of intervention. Vitamin C/taurine demonstrated indirect effects on tendon healing through antioxidant activity. Vitamin A/glycine showed direct effects on extracellular matrix tissue synthesis. Vitamin E shows an antiproliferative influence on collagen deposition. Leucine directly influences signaling pathways to promote muscle protein synthesis. Discussion: Preliminary evidence exists, demonstrating that vitamins and amino acids may facilitate multilevel changes in musculotendinous healing; however, recommendations on clinical utility should be made with caution. All animal studies and one human study showed high risk of bias with moderate interobserver agreement (k = 0.46). Currently, there is limited evidence to support the use of vitamins and amino acids for musculotendinous injury. Both high-quality animal experimentation of the proposed mechanisms confirming the physiological influence of supplementation and human studies evaluating effects on tissue morphology and biochemistry are required before practical application.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity and safety of adenovirus-based vector vaccines for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-78
Author(s):  
Ayers Gilberth Ivano Kalaij ◽  
Valerie Josephine Dirjayanto ◽  
Syarif Maulana Yusuf ◽  
Erni Juwita Nelwan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Vector Vaccine ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Meta Analyses

BACKGROUND Despite various research on vaccine development, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection continues to spread. Thus, developing a more effective vaccine for production and clinical efficacy is still in high demand. This review aimed to assess the immunogenicity and safety of adenovirus-based vector vaccine (Ad-vaccines) including Ad5-vectored, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, rAd26-S or rAd5-S, and Ad26.COV2.S as the promising solutions for COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta analysis of clinical trials based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines through PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and EBSCOhost until August 17, 2021. We implemented inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessed the studies using OHAT risk of bias rating tool for human and animal studies. Pooled estimates of odds ratio (OR) were analyzed using fixed-effect model. RESULTS This systematic review yielded 12 clinical studies with a total of 75,105 subjects. Although the studies were heterogeneous, this meta-analysis showed that Ad-vaccine significantly increased protection and immune response against COVID-19 with a pooled efficacy of 84.68% compared to placebo (p<0.00001). Forest plot also indicated that Ad-vaccine conferred protection against moderate to severe COVID-19 with a pooled OR of 0.26 (p<0.00001). Ad-vaccine had also shown a good safety profile with local site pain and fever as the most common side effects. CONCLUSIONS Ad-vaccine had shown a good immunogenicity for COVID-19 with a good pooled efficacy and was proven safe for COVID-19 patients.

The effectiveness of serious games in alleviating anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Abd-alrazaq ◽  
Mohannad Alajlani ◽  
Dari Alhuwail ◽  
Jens Schneider ◽  
Laila Akhu-Zaheya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Quality Evidence

BACKGROUND Anxiety is one of the mental disorders characterized by apprehension, tension, uneasiness, and other related behavioral disturbances. One of the non-pharmacological treatments used for reducing anxiety is serious games, which are games that have a purpose other than entertainment. The effectiveness of serious games in alleviating anxiety was investigated by several systematic reviews, however, they are limited by design and methodological weaknesses. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the effectiveness of serious games in alleviating anxiety through summarizing the results of previous studies and providing an up-to-date review. METHODS We carried out a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We searched 7 databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ACM Digital Library IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Google Scholar. We also conducted backward and forward reference list checking of the included studies and relevant reviews. Two reviewers independently carried out the study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and quality of evidence appraisal. We used a narrative and statistical approach, as appropriate, to synthesize results of the included studies. RESULTS Out of 935 citations retrieved, 33 studies were included in this review. Of those, 22 RCTs were eventually included in meta-analyses. Very low quality evidence from 9 RCTs and 5 RCTs showed no statistically significant effect of exergames (games entailing physical exercises) on the anxiety level as compared to conventional exercises (P=0.70) and no intervention (P=0.27), respectively. While 6 RCTs demonstrated a statistically and clinically significant effect of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) games on the anxiety level when compared with no intervention (P=0.01), the quality of the evidence reported was low. Likewise, low quality evidence from 3 RCTs showed a statistically and clinically significant effect of biofeedback games on the anxiety level when compared with conventional video games (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS This review shows that serious games have the potential in alleviating anxiety levels. However, our findings remain inconclusive mainly due to the high risk of bias in the individual studies included, the low quality of meta-analyzed evidence, few studies included in some meta-analyses, patients without anxiety recruited in most studies, and using purpose-shifted serious games in most studies. Therefore, serious games should be deemed as complementary to existing interventions. To have adequate and robust evidence, researchers should use serious games that are designed specifically to alleviate depression and deliver other therapeutic modalities, recruit a diverse population of patients with anxiety, and minimize the risk of bias by following the recommended guidelines for conducting and reporting RCTs.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Squalene in Cardiovascular Disease Risk-A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul ‘Izzah Ibrahim ◽  
Syed Fairus ◽  
Mohamed S. Zulfarina ◽  
Isa Naina Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cholesterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Inclusion Criteria

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Squalene (SQ), an intermediate for the cholesterol biosynthesis, has been proposed to act similarly to statins via inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in the liver. Purpose: This paper explores the effects of SQ in CVD. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify relevant studies about SQ and CVD. A comprehensive search in Medline and Scopus for relevant studies published between the years 1946 and 2019 was performed. The main inclusion criteria were that the study was published in English; that the study reported association or effect of SQ and CVD; and that CVD should be related to lifestyle variables, aging, or experimentally induced conditions. Results: The literature searches identified 5562 potentially relevant articles, whereby 21 studies met the inclusion criteria. There were three human studies and 18 animal experimental studies included in this paper. Only one human study reported positive outcome of SQ in CVD. The remaining two studies reported inconsistent and/or no effect. For animal studies, 15 studies reported positive effect while the remaining reported negative and/or no effect of SQ on various related parameters. Conclusions: This evidence-based review emphasizes the potential of SQ being used for cardiovascular-related diseases. The effect of SQ, especially of plant-based warrants further exploration. Controlled human observational studies should be performed to provide comprehensive evidence.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF EURYCOMA LONGIFOLIA ON SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN SEXUALLY DYSFUNCTIONAL MALE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Putri Ayu Jayusman ◽  
Isa Naina Mohamed ◽  
Hnin Ei Thu ◽  
Ahmad Nazrun Shuid
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Human Study ◽  
English Studies ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Potential Efficacy ◽  
Online Library

Objective: This systematic review was conducted to summarize and evaluate the effect of Eurycoma longifolia (EL) on sexual behavior in the sexually dysfunctional male.Methods: Ovid Medline, Wiley Online Library, Scopus, BioMed Central, Hindawi and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies published from 1995 to 2016 and search was limited to relevant studies published in English. Studies assessing aphrodisiac properties of EL on male sexual behavior in sexually dysfunctional animal models or human were included.Results: Among the 155 studies identified in the literature search, a total of 6 eligible articles (5 animal studies and one human study) were selected and reviewed. All studies reported positive aphrodisiac activities and supported the use of the plant as an aphrodisiac.Conclusion: This systematic review highlighted the effect of EL extract as an aphrodisiac agent to improve sexual behavior in the sexually dysfunctional male. Further studies are required to determine the specific mechanisms of action and identification of the bioactive components of EL responsible for its potential efficacy.

scholarly journals Restorative Thresholds for Carious Lesions: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.P.T. Innes ◽  
F. Schwendicke
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
High Caries Risk ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis ◽  
Meta Analyses

Current evidence supports noninvasive/nonrestorative treatment of “early” carious lesions: those confined to enamel or reaching the enamel-dentin junction. The extent that dentists’ thresholds for intervening restoratively have changed with this evidence is unknown. This systematic review aimed to determine dentists’ and therapists’ current lesion threshold for carrying our restorative interventions in adults/children and primary/permanent teeth. Embase, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for observational studies, without language, time, or quality restrictions. Screening and data extraction were independent and in duplicate. Random-effects meta-analyses with subgroup and meta-regression analysis were performed. Thirty studies, mainly involving dentists, met the inclusion criteria. There was heterogeneity in sampling frames, methods, and scales used to investigate thresholds. The studies spanned 30 y (1983–2014), and sample representativeness and response bias issues were likely to have affected the results. Studies measured what dentists said they would do rather than actually did. Studies represented 17 countries, focusing mainly on adults ( n = 17) and permanent teeth ( n = 24). For proximal carious lesions confined to enamel (not reaching the enamel-dentin junction), 21% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15%–28%) of dentists/therapists would intervene invasively. The likelihood of a restorative intervention almost doubled (risk ratio, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.68–2.33) in high caries risk patients. For proximal lesions extending up to the enamel-dentin junction, 48% (95% CI, 40%–56%) of dentists/therapists would intervene restoratively. For occlusal lesions with enamel discoloration/cavitation but no clinical/radiographic dentin involvement, 12% (95% CI, 6%–22%) of dentists/therapists stated they would intervene, increasing to 74% (95% CI, 56%–86%) with dentin involvement. There was variance between countries but no significant temporal trend. A significant proportion of dentists/therapists said they would intervene invasively (restoratively) on carious lesions where evidence and clinical recommendations indicate less invasive therapies should be used. There is great need to understand decisions to intervene restoratively and to find implementation interventions that translate research evidence into clinical practice.

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