Reasons for delay in seeking treatment among women with obstetric fistula in Tanzania: a qualitative study

Aims: To explore the situation of obstetric fistula among the teagarden women in Bangladesh. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted. During the screening, a total number of five obstetric fistula cases identified from the 10 teagardens covering around 50 thousand populations. The study performed in depth face to face interview with the all women with a guideline. Results: The mean age was 41 years. All were married before 15 years of age and delivered the following year. Obstructed labour was the reason for fistula in all cases. Mean duration of suffering was 19 years. One woman is found divorced, two woman’s husband leaves her and two is continuing her conjugal life. In all cases, husband separated and women were living alone. Only one woman receiving treatment from a tertiary facility left treatment due to economic crisis. The other causes of not receiving treatment include lack of knowledge and its treatment, misperception of self recovery, negligence, lack of time due to job at teagarden, ignorance, transportation and economic crisis. All women faced serious negligence and were culturally restricted to attend the family or religious programme. All women wanted to be cured. Conclusions: Focused intervention is required to eliminate obstetric fistula, very small number of cases flag many stories. It is likely teagarden catchment areas in Bangladesh is vulnerable with obstetric fistula cases which are still unexplored. It’s important to know actual epidemiology of obstetric fistula in the teagarden community, on the other hands it also demands for establishment of timely referral pathway, proper management system including rehabilitation and reintegration in order to reduce or eliminate obstetric fistula in Bangladesh by 2030.

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‘As a man I felt small’: a qualitative study of Ugandan men’s experiences of living with a wife suffering from obstetric fistula

Culture Health & Sexuality ◽

10.1080/13691058.2015.1089325 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 481-494 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Justus Kafunjo Barageine ◽

Elisabeth Faxelid ◽

Josaphat K Byamugisha ◽

Birgitta Rubenson

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Obstetric Fistula

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Situation of Obstetric Fistula in a Marginalized Teagarden Community of Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.3126/njog.v13i3.23426 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 24-31

Author(s):

Animesh Biswas ◽

Sathyanarayanan Doraiswamy ◽

Abdul Halim ◽

Abu Sayeed Md. Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Obstetric Fistula ◽

Religious Activities ◽

Quality Health Care ◽

Care Services ◽

Tertiary Center ◽

Quality Health ◽

The Mean ◽

Economic Constraints

Aims: This study aims to explore why and how difficult it is for obstetric fistula patients living in the underprivileged teagardens community of Bangladesh. Methods: It was a qualitative study conducted in 10 teagardens with approximately fifty thousand population. Five case studies followed by five Focus Group Discussions (FDG) were conducted in places where obstetric fistulas were identified. Results: The mean age of the women was 41 years and the mean duration of suffering was 19 years. All of them got married before the age of 15 and became pregnant in the following year. One woman was divorced, two were separated and two were living with their husband. Only one of them received treatment from a tertiary center but did not continue due to economic constraints; rest of them were never exposed to any treatment or care. They believed that it would be recovered over time. All of them were neglected in their society and were deprived from all social and religious activities in the community. FGDs findings represent that poverty, lack of knowledge and perception are the significant barriers. Conclusions: Underprivileged communities in the teagardens in Bangladesh are far behind in terms of access to quality health care services. Obstetric fistula is particularly still being under reported and undermined and focused intervention is required to eliminate fistula among them.

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“I feel myself incomplete, and I am inferior to people”: experiences of Sudanese women living with obstetric fistula in Khartoum, Sudan

Reproductive Health ◽

10.1186/s12978-019-0846-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Salma A. E. Ahmed ◽

Viva C. Thorsen

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Study Design ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Obstetric Fistula ◽

Obstructed Labor ◽

Daily Lives ◽

And Coping ◽

Fistula Prevention ◽

Shed Light

Abstract Background Obstetric fistula is among the most devastating maternal morbidities that occur as a result of prolonged, obstructed labor. Usually, the child dies in a large number of the cases. Moreover, some of the women become infertile while the majority suffer physical, psychosocial and economic challenges. Approximately 5000 new cases of obstetric fistula occur in Sudan each year. However, their experiences are under documented. Therefore, this study aimed to shed light on their daily lives living with obstetric fistula and how they cope. Methods Using a qualitative study design, 19 women living with obstetric fistula were interviewed. The study took place in the fistula ward located in Khartoum hospital and the fistula re-integration center in Khartoum, Sudan. Thematic analysis approach was employed. Stigma and coping theories guided the data collection, analysis, and discussion of the findings. Findings Women in our study suffered a challenging physical life due to leakage of urine. In addition, they encountered all forms of stigmatization. Women used both emotion-focused and problem-focused coping techniques to mitigate the consequences of obstetric fistula. Conclusion The study findings underscore the importance of obstetric fistula prevention programs and the urgency of repair surgeries to alleviate women’s suffering. Community sensitization, rehabilitation and re-integration of women back to their communities are also important strategies on their journey to wholeness.

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The changing perception and knowledge of obstetric fistula: a qualitative study

International Urogynecology Journal ◽

10.1007/s00192-020-04448-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (11) ◽

pp. 2419-2425

Author(s):

Chi Chiung Grace Chen ◽

Jie Jiao ◽

Gerard Mbabazi ◽

Annelise Long ◽

Rachel Galvao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Obstetric Fistula

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Childbirth experiences of Sudanese women living with obstetric fistula – A qualitative study

Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare ◽

10.1016/j.srhc.2020.100532 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 100532

Author(s):

Salma A.E. Ahmed ◽

Cynthia Khamala Wangamati ◽

Viva Combs Thorsen

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Obstetric Fistula ◽

Childbirth Experiences

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Long-term outcomes for women after obstetric fistula repair in Lilongwe, Malawi: a qualitative study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-015-0755-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Laura B. Drew ◽

Jeffrey P. Wilkinson ◽

William Nundwe ◽

Margaret Moyo ◽

Ronald Mataya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Obstetric Fistula ◽

Fistula Repair ◽

Long Term Outcomes

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Qualitative study on “hydropic degeneration” of The hepatocytes in viral hepatitis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010016039x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 568-569

Author(s):

Le Meizhao ◽

Ye Ming ◽

Song Xiaoming ◽

Xu Jiazhang

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Chronic Active Hepatitis ◽

Microscopic Observation ◽

Hydropic Degeneration ◽

Light Microscopic Observation ◽

Biopsy Specimens ◽

Endoplasm Reticulum ◽

Mixed Fluid ◽

Peripheral Cytoplasm

“Hydropic degeneration” of the hepatocytes are often found in biopsy of the liver of some kinds of viral hepatitis. Light microscopic observation, compareted with the normal hepatocytes, they are enlarged, sometimes to a marked degree when the term “balloning” degeneration is used. Their cytoplasm rarefied, and show some clearness in the peripheral cytoplasm, so, it causes a hydropic appearance, the cytoplasm around the nuclei is granulated. Up to the present, many studies belive that main ultrastructural chenges of hydropic degeneration of the hepatocytes are results of the RER cristae dilatation with degranulation and disappearance of glycogen granules.The specimens of this study are fixed with the mixed fluid of the osmium acidpotassium of ferricyanide, Epon-812 embed. We have observed 21 cases of biopsy specimens with chronic severe hepatitis and severe chronic active hepatitis, and found that the clear fields in the cytoplasm actually are a accumulating place of massive glycogen. The granules around the nuclei are converging mitochondria, endoplasm reticulum and other organelles.

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