scholarly journals Amomum cardamomum L. ethyl acetate fraction protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury via an antioxidant mechanism in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Woo Lim ◽  
Hyuck Kim ◽  
Ju-Yeon Park ◽  
Jai-Eun Kim ◽  
Jin-Young Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanism

scholarly journals A Polyphenol-Rich Fraction from Eugenia uniflora Exhibits Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities In Vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Mansour Sobeh ◽  
Marwa S. Hamza ◽  
Mohamed L. Ashour ◽  
Mona Elkhatieb ◽  
Mohamed A El Raey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Eugenia Uniflora ◽  
Quercetin Derivatives

Leaves from Eugenia uniflora, the red Brazilian cherry, have a high content of flavonoids that possess several biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. However, their influence on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury in rats has not been investigated. In the current study, a bioguided fractionation assay revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of Eugenia uniflora is the safest and most active fraction. LC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction revealed 22 secondary metabolites, mainly myricetin and quercetin derivatives. EAF did not show toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg, and exhibited antioxidant activities in vitro in DPPH assay with IC50 of 3.35 µg/mL. Additionally, EAF exhibited substantial antioxidant activities in vivo by counteracting the oxidative damage of the prooxidant juglone [80 µM] in Caenorhabditis elegans model organism and increased its survival rate in a dose-dependent fashion through the DAF-16/Foxo pathway. Furthermore, the hepatoprotective activity of EAF (200 mg/kg against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxicated male Wistar rats was assessed. EAF significantly inhibited CCl4-induced elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TB), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG), in the blood serum and prevented lipid peroxidation and restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in liver tissues. The observed hepatoprotective effects of EAF, which were supported by histopathological observations as pretreatment with EAF, effectively attenuated the CCl4-induced histopathological changes. In conclusion, EAF of Eugenia uniflora leaves has substantial hepatoprotective activities against CCl4 induced acute liver injury in rats due to its antioxidant activity.

Protective effects of ethyl acetate fraction ofLawsonia inermisfruits extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative damage in rat liver

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Ben Hsouna ◽  
Saoudi Mongi ◽  
Gérald Culioli ◽  
Yves Blache ◽  
Zohra Ghlissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Protective Effects

scholarly journals Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai ethyl acetate fraction protects the liver against chronic alcohol-induced liver injury and fat accumulation in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-223
Author(s):  
Areum Kim ◽  
Youngju Lee ◽  
Kalahe Hewage Iresha Nadeeka Madushani Herath ◽  
Hyo Jin Kim ◽  
Jiwon Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Fat Accumulation

scholarly journals Evaluation of the antioxidant potentials of extract and fractions of Vitex doniana fruit and identification of the bioactive metabolites using HPLC-DAD-MS analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-175
Author(s):  
Keziah Uchechi Ajah ◽  
Ozioma Anne Asomugha ◽  
Chinazom Perpetua Ifedigbo ◽  
Kosoluchukwu Chidubem Umeh ◽  
Onyeka Chinwuba Obidiegwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Vitex Doniana

Isoflavones and flavonoids in general found in fruits and vegetable act as natural antioxidants. This study was aimed at screening the isoflavone-rich fractions of Vitex doniana fruit extract for antioxidant activity using in vitro and in vivo models. The ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were screened for in vitro antioxidant activity by DPPH free radical scavenging and FRAP (Fe3+ Reducing Antioxidant Power) assays using ascorbic acid as standard. In vivo antioxidant activity was also tested against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in mice using carbon tetrachloride (4 mL/kg) and silymarin (100 mg/kg) as standard. The ethyl acetate fraction and butanol Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) sub-fractions were subjected to High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses. The ethyl acetate and butanol fractions inhibited DPPH radicals with an IC50 of 897 µg/mL and 2809.38 µg/mL respectively. Both fractions also showed mild FRAP result with EC50 of 1401 µg/mL and 7051 µg/mL respectively. The fractions produced significant decrease (P < 0.05) in ALP levels only while ethyl acetate fraction caused a significant reduction in the value of only malondialdehyde. Both fractions also increased levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD). HPLC-DAD analysis led to the detection of cinnamic acid, protocatechuic acid and two isoflavones daidzein and genistein. Further LC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of the isoflavones tectorigenin, 5-O-methylgenistein, and 5-O-methyltectorigenin, among other flavonoids, peonidin, 5-methylpeonidin, methylmalvidin and kaempferol-3-O-(2''galloyl)-glucopyranoside. The detected isoflavones and other flavonoids may contribute to the observed mild in vitro and good in vivo antioxidant activity of V. doniana fruit extract and fractions.

Sequential Solvent Extraction of Urinary Corticosteroids and its Clinical Application

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 855-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habeeb Bacchus
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Adrenocortical Hyperplasia ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hepatocellular Disease

Abstract A procedure which permits the measurement of corticosteroid metabolites in three solvent extracts of hydrolyzed urine is described. Carbon tetrachloride extracts the 11-desoxy, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, and the 17-OH, 21-deoxycorticosteroids. These are quantitated by the Porter-Silber reaction and the method for 17-ketogenic steroids. The difference between 17-KGS and PSC is a measure of the total 17-OH, 21-deoxycorticosteroids. Subsequent treatment of the residual urine with methylene dichloride extracts compounds of the cortisol series, i.e., cortisol and cortisone in small amounts, THF and THE in larger amounts. These compounds are quantitated by either the Porter-Silber reaction or the 17-KGS procedure. Further treatment of the urine residue with ethyl acetate (employing the "salting out" procedure) results in the extraction of polar compounds including cortol, cortolone, 6 -hydroxycortisol, and its reduction product. This procedure was employed to study several clinical disorders. Congenital virilizing adrenocortical hyperplasia is characterized by a marked increase in the 17-KGS in the carbon tetrachloride extract; in adult-onset virilizing adrenocortical hyperplasia this increase is also significant, but not as marked. In adrenal hyperactivity (e.g., Cushing's syndrome, ACTH infusion) there are increases in all solvent fractions studied. Inhibition of 11- hydroxylase activity induced by SU 4885 (Metopirone) is accompanied by an increase in the PSC in the carbon tetrachloride fraction. In hepatocellular disease and in pregnancy, the most noteworthy changes are in the increase in polar compounds extracted in the ethyl acetate fraction. The method described is attractive in its simplicity and is readily applicable in the clinical laboratory.

Amelioration of Carbon Tetrachloride - Induced Liver Injury by p-Coumaric Acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha ◽  
Syam Mohan ◽  
Hussien Khediash ◽  
Abdullah Farasani ◽  
Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Protein Determination ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanism

We investigated the protective and in vivo antioxidant effects of p-coumaric acid on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were orally pre-treated with p-coumaric acid (at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) for 15 days before the subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride (1.5 mL/kg). Silymarin served as a positive control for hepatoprotection. Blood and tissue samples were obtained and used to assess the effects of p-coumaric acid using quantitative and qualitative histological evaluation, glutathione levels, protein determination, and liver enzymes. p-Coumaric acid treatment did not demonstrate any toxicological abnormalities in mice. p-Coumaric acid and silymarin reduced the extent of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage and preserved normal hepatic enzymes (P < 0.05). p-Coumaric acid pre-treatment led to a diminution in increased malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione following carbon tetrachloride administration (P < 0.05). Furthermore, p-coumaric acid restored changes in superoxide dismutase and caspase-3 gene expression as a result of carbon tetrachloride exposure. In conclusion, p-coumaric acid helps restore toxicant-induced liver injury in rats via avoidance of lipid peroxidation, inhibition of cell death and preservation of antioxidant mechanism.

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