scholarly journals Lean adoption in hospitals: the role of contextual factors and introduction strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Rosa ◽  
Giuliano Marolla ◽  
Federico Lega ◽  
Francesco Manfredi
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Process Improvements ◽  
Contextual Elements

Abstract Background In the scientific literature, many studies describe the application of lean methodology in the hospital setting. Most of the articles focus on the results rather than on the approach adopted to introduce the lean methodology. In the absence of a clear view of the context and the introduction strategy, the first steps of the implementation process can take on an empirical, trial and error profile. Such implementation is time-consuming and resource-intensive and affects the adoption of the model at the organizational level. This research aims to outline the role contextual factors and introduction strategy play in supporting the operators introducing lean methodology in a hospital setting. Methodology The methodology is revealed in a case study of an important hospital in Southern Italy, where lean has been successfully introduced through a pilot project in the pathway of cancer patients. The originality of the research is seen in the detailed description of the contextual elements and the introduction strategy. Results The results show significant process improvements and highlight the spontaneous dissemination of the culture of change in the organization and the streamlined adoption at the micro level. Conclusion The case study shows the importance of the lean introduction strategy and contextual factors for successful lean implementation. Furthermore, it shows how both factors influence each other, underlining the dynamism of the organizational system.

scholarly journals Lean Adoption in Hospitals: The Role of Contextual Factors and Introduction Strategy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Rosa ◽  
Giuliano Marolla ◽  
Federico Lega ◽  
Francesco Manfredi
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Process Improvements ◽  
Contextual Elements

Abstract Background: In the scientific literature, many studies describe the application of lean methodology in the hospital setting. Most of the articles focus on the results rather than on the approach adopted to introduce the lean methodology. In the absence of a clear view of the context and the introduction strategy, the first steps of the implementation process can take on an empirical, trial and error profile. Such implementation is time-consuming and resource-intensive and affects the adoption of the model at the organizational level. This research aims to outline the role contextual factors and introduction strategy play in supporting the operators introducing lean methodology in a hospital setting. Methodology: The methodology is revealed in a case study of an important hospital in Southern Italy, where lean has been successfully introduced through a pilot project in the pathway of cancer patients. The originality of the research is seen in the detailed description of the contextual elements and the introduction strategy. Results: The results show significant process improvements and highlight the spontaneous dissemination of the culture of change in the organization and the streamlined adoption at the micro level. Conclusion: The case study shows the importance of the lean introduction strategy and contextual factors for successful lean implementation. Furthermore, it shows how both factors influence each other, underlining the dynamism of the organizational system.

Improving public housing policies that target low-income households: The value of adding proximity to discretion

2021 ◽  
pp. 239965442110411
Author(s):  
Lauro Gonzalez ◽  
Fernanda Lima-Silva ◽  
Marlei Pozzebon
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Leading Role

Research on street-level bureaucrats has examined the various ways in which these professionals have implemented public policies in areas such as healthcare, education, and security, often emphasizing the role played by discretion in the implementation process. Despite its importance, the concept of street-level bureaucracy has scarcely been approached by housing studies. This study focuses on the role of street-level workers in the delivery of public housing to the lower-income population. We affirm the value of complementing street-level discretion with the concept of proximity, a premise borrowed from the microfinance literature, to increase the understanding of the interactions and relationships established between street-level workers and policy recipients during the implementation process. Such complementarity may contribute to a more accurate understanding of the housing policy implementation dynamics on the street-level and the possible adjustments to meet local needs. To explore this issue, we used a theoretical lens inspired by Goffman’s frame analysis that points to the importance of relational mechanisms that characterize the interactions between street-level workers and beneficiaries. These lenses were applied to a collective case study of Minha Casa Minha Vida-Entidades, a Brazilian subprogram in which street-level workers linked to social housing movements assume a leading role in the planning and execution of interventions. The results indicate that the combination of proximity and discretion has a positive influence on the implementation of housing policies. Our analysis shows the existence of nonprofit-oriented arrangements that may present different features and nuances at the implementation (micro) level and contribute to the (macro) debate on housing policies.

Learner-Active, Technology-Infused Classroom

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
Aubrey Statti
Keyword(s):  
Student Engagement ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Classroom Observations ◽  
Title 1 ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Southwest Florida ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Visual Materials

This chapter seeks to present an example of technologically-advanced curriculum through LATIC (learner-active, technology-infused classrooms). This study aimed to explore the specific application of LATIC curriculum in a 3rd grade Title 1 classroom in Southwest Florida. The research focused on 1) the intended and achieved learning outcomes of the curriculum, 2) student engagement with their peers, teacher, and technology, and 3) experienced successes as well as any challenges faced during the LATIC implementation process. Further, the purpose of this research was to experience the day to day functions of a LATIC in order to evaluate its appropriateness for learners of varying educational levels and backgrounds. Through the case study methodology, the researcher utilized classroom observations, interviews with the teacher, and an analysis of classroom documents and visual materials as a means to understand both the role of the students and of the teacher in a LATIC environment.

Strategic Knowledge Management System Framework for Supply Chain at an Intra-Organizational Level

2013 ◽  
pp. 142-163
Author(s):  
Cécile Gaumand ◽  
Alain Chapdaniel ◽  
Aurélie Dudezert
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Organizational Knowledge Creation ◽  
Role Of It ◽  
Strategic Knowledge Management ◽  
The Web

In the Web 2.0 and organization 2.0 era, implementing Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) in Supply Chain (SC) in companies should contribute to gain sustainable competitive advantage. Using a case-study in an Italian SME (BONFIGLIOLI), this chapter seeks to propose new processes and recommendations to design and operate an efficient KMS for a SC at an intra-organizational level. This case study shows in particular the role of IT as an artifact implying individuals in organizational knowledge creation. It also shows that implementing KMS in SC makes SC actors change their cognitive scheme and work practices and calls for a new role of middle management.

scholarly journals Students as Producers: The Postgraduate Teaching Assistant Pilot Project

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Foley Finnan ◽  
Claire Louise Gibbs ◽  
Marion Waite ◽  
Jan Davison-Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Assistants ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Postgraduate Teaching ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Support Students

This paper reports on a pilot project in which two postgraduate students were supported to function in the role of teaching assistants (TAs) as part of their learning experience. The project embraced the notion of students as producers rather than consumers. Using a reflective approach, this case study was jointly written by TAs and their teaching staff. It incorporates feedback from other students collected through an anonymous module feedback survey, which was analysed by attribution to themes. The role of TAs benefitted others students, staff, and the TAs; the project is a strong affirmation of the principle of treating students as producers. The impact of the role on both the students undertaking the TA role and the tutors was profound, and student experience was enhanced as a result. TAs can assist in bridging student-teacher communication gaps and support students’ learning through sharing their knowledge by creating resources. This article is written from the perspectives of both the TAs and the tutors.

scholarly journals Komunikasi dan Konflik Antarorganisasi

Humaniora ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 875
Author(s):  
Elsye Rumondang Damanik
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Organization Change ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Organization Performance ◽  
Academic Journal ◽  
Identical Product ◽  
Problem Data

Conflict may take place in interpersonal, group, and organizational level. In the organizational level, conflict very often influences the organization performance. In the case of interorganizational conflict, Apple and Samsung experienced the open-to-public conflict when Apple filed Samsung on rights violation charges. The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of communication in coping with organizational conflict. Qualitative research method is applied to analyze research problem.  Data are obtained from academic journal, and case study published in media. The data are descriptively prepared. This research used the dispute on rights violation between Apple and Samsung in 2012 as the case study. In order to focus on the problem, the case study is discussed using interorganizational conflict and organization change concepts. The analysis resulted on the idea that interorganizational conflict may bring negative and positive impacts to the organization. The conflict may potentially exist when two producers who manufactured identical product variants with different brand dispute innovation exclusive rights. The discussion concluded that conflict is the way organization interact with its environment, learn, and develop. Communication can be used to resolve the conflict. 

Exploring an ESL teachers’ beliefs and practices of teaching literary texts: A case study in Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
pp. 136216882093344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisa Cheung ◽  
Mairin Hennebry-Leung
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Teacher Cognition ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Esl Teachers ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
Teacher's Beliefs ◽  
Academic Year

Although much has been written about the relationship between teachers’ beliefs and practices, research examining the role of emotions in the realm of teacher cognition remains limited. This article presents a case study investigating one English as a second language (ESL) teacher’s beliefs and practices about teaching literary texts, drawing on Zembylas’ three levels of teacher emotions (2002, 2005), i.e. intrapersonal, interpersonal and intergroup, as the conceptual framework. The ESL teacher’s beliefs and practices were investigated via open-ended interviews and lesson observations that explored her perceptions of teaching literary texts throughout one academic year. The findings point to the complexity of teacher practices which may converge or diverge with their beliefs. Various contextual factors were found to contribute to this complexity. The results highlight the need to situate the emotions of teachers beyond contextual factors and consider the dynamic nature of teacher cognition. The practical value of the study lies in its extension of the role of emotions in mediating teacher cognition.

Leadership role in implementing Lean Six Sigma – a cross case analysis of KPO/BPO service organizations

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh N. Motiani ◽  
Abhay Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Leadership Competencies ◽  
Lean Six Sigma ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Implementation Challenges

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the role of leadership in implementing Lean Six Sigma (LSS) in a knowledge process outsourcing/business process outsourcing (KPO/BPO) service environment. KPO/BPO organizations present unique operational challenges such as client contractual obligations, young worker age profile, high attrition, dynamic outsourced business processes, technological disruptions to list a few. To implement LSS in such an environment, leadership plays a crucial role. While it is known that leadership is a critical success factor for LSS implementation, their role in a recently evolved KPO/BPO sector is hardly studied leading to high failures. The present study aims to address this gap. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative case study research method is used. A case study protocol consisting of research outline, data collection plan, interview schedule and list of expert reviewers was prepared. A semi-structured interview schedule of the case organization was used that covered exploring the leadership role in terms of their leadership style, communication, employee engagement and their ability to guide program in entire LSS implementation process. Further depth is obtained by considering dimensions of LSS implementation process such as actors involved, processes adopted, performance outcomes, implementation challenges and competency requirements. Primary and secondary data from two case studies yielded rich insights and helped to answer the research questions around role of leadership in LSS implementation for the KPO/BPO service environment. Findings This research case study demonstrates key leadership competencies that lead to successful implementation of LSS in two KPO/BPO organizations. To handle implementation challenges, a combination of LSS and transformation style of leadership style was observed. Leadership role focussed on coaching and empowering, rather than telling and controlling. Apart from the 17 leadership competencies seen in published literature, the authors observed 12 specific competencies (7 interpersonal and 5 LSS) in two case organizations that enabled effective LSS implementation. This study also gives an in depth understanding of the leadership role and enabling competencies during LSS implementation. Research limitations/implications Because of the inherent limitations of case study research method, researchers and practitioners must be cautious to the extent of generalization of findings and the conclusions. Practical implications Positioning leadership to managing the LSS implementation in KPO/BPO service operations helps in innovative adaption of standard improvement methodologies (such as LSS) to address their specific problems and deliver on the overall organizational goals. Originality/value Current study explores in depth how leadership role impacts LSS implementation in two KPO/BPO case organizations. Studies focussing on LSS service operations model in a KPO/BPO environment are not extensively published, especially those covering leadership role during LSS implementation.

scholarly journals Measuring Theory Planned Behavior of Students to Become Entrepreneurs (Case Study at School of Economic Pasundan Bandung, Indonesia)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Dedi Hadian ◽  
Senen Machmud ◽  
Dudung Juhana ◽  
Iwan Sidharta
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Student's Attitudes

Some research indicate the importance of increasing the number of entrepreneurs for a country's economic resilience. Increased reliable entrepreneurs can not be separated from the role of universities in preparing graduates in accordance with the competencies they must have. Thus there is a need for a study of the factors that influence students to choose a career as a reliable entrepreneur. This study aims to determine the attitude factors, contextual factors, and gender factors that affect the intention of students to become entrepreneurs. Exploratory research methods of data analysis were using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and component-based Partial Least Squares (PLS). Total respondents were 269 students with the data collection technique of accidental sampling. The results showed that the attitude factors influence positively the entrepreneurial intention by 32.3%, the influence of contextual factors 26.2%. Moreover, the gender factors influence student’s attitudes towards intentions to become entrepreneurs but do not affect the contextual factors on the intention of students to become entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals THE LESSONS OF ABADAN AND SUEZ FOR BRITISH FOREIGN POLICYMAKERS IN THE 1960s

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER J. BECK
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
British Foreign Policy ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
The 1960S

Responding positively to the 1957 ‘funding experience’ initiative encouraging Whitehall departments to use history more systematically in their everyday work, the Foreign Office commissioned a pilot project centred upon the 1951 Anglo-Iranian Abadan crisis. The resulting study, completed by Rohan Butler in 1962, included a lengthy section drawing lessons from the historical narrative. During the early 1960s Butler's Abadan history, attracting interest and comment from both ministers and officials, fed into ongoing reviews of British foreign policy and methods stimulated by the 1956 Suez debacle and Britain's initial failure to join the Common Market (1963). Confronting policymakers with the contemporary realities affecting Britain's role in the world, the history prompted serious thinking about the case for a radical change of direction in both foreign policy and methods. Generally speaking, the Foreign Office has made little use of history in the actual policymaking process. From this perspective, this episode, centred upon Butler's Abadan history, offers a useful case study illuminating any appraisal of history's potential as a policy input, most notably concerning the role of historical analogies in the formulation, conduct, and presentation of British foreign policy.

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