scholarly journals Oleaginous yeasts- substrate preference and lipid productivity: a view on the performance of microbial lipid producers

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pariya Shaigani ◽  
Dania Awad ◽  
Veronika Redai ◽  
Monika Fuchs ◽  
Martina Haack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Yeast Fermentation ◽  
Oleaginous Yeasts ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Wheat Straw Hydrolysate ◽  
Steep Liquor

Abstract Background Oleaginous yeasts are promising microbial platforms for sustainable, bio-based production of biofuels and oleochemical building blocks. Bio-based residues provide sustainable and cost-effective carbon sources for fermentative yeast oil production without land-use change. Considering the regional abundancy of different waste streams, we chose complex biomass residue streams of marine origin; macroalgae hydrolysate, and terrestrial origin; wheat straw hydrolysate in the presence, and absence of corn steep liquor as a complex nitrogen source. We investigated the biomass and lipid yields of an array of well-described oleaginous yeasts; R. glutinis, T. asahii, R. mucilaginosa, R. toruloides, C. oleaginosus growing on these hydrolysates. Furthermore, their sugar utilization, fatty acid profile, and inhibitory effect of the hydrolysates on yeast growth were compared. For correlative reference, we initially performed comparative growth experiments for the strains on individual monomeric sugars separately. Each of these monomeric sugars was a dominant carbon source in the complex biomass hydrolysates evaluated in this study. In addition, we evaluated N-acetylglucosamine, the monomeric building block of chitin, as a low-cost nitrogen and carbon source in yeast fermentation. Results C. oleaginosus provided the highest biomass and lipid yields. In the wheat straw and brown algae hydrolysates, this yeast strain gained 7.5 g/L and 3.8 g/L lipids, respectively. Cultivation in algae hydrolysate resulted in a higher level of unsaturated fatty acids in the lipids accumulated by all yeast strains. R. toruloides and C. oleaginosus were able to effectively co-utilize mannitol, glucose, and xylose. Growth rates on wheat straw hydrolysate were enhanced in presence of corn steep liquor. Conclusions Among the yeast strains investigated in this study, C. oleaginosus proved to be the most versatile strain in terms of substrate utilization, productivity, and tolerance in the complex media. Various fatty acid profiles obtained on each substrate encourage the manipulation of culture conditions to achieve the desired fatty acid composition for each application. This could be accomplished by combining the element of carbon source with other formerly studied factors such as temperature and oxygen. Moreover, corn steep liquor showed promise for enhancement of growth in the oleaginous strains provided that carbon substrate is available.

scholarly journals Influencing the growth kinetics of yeast strains with vitamin supplementation

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-115
Author(s):  
Judit Molnár ◽  
Erika Lakatos ◽  
Balázs Ásványi
Keyword(s):  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Kinetics Of

The aim of the current experiment was to optimize the creation process of single cell protein on plant-based substrate solution with the intention to improve end-product turn out by means of adding vitamin solution. Based on the results of the fermentation processes of yeast strains, it was concluded that the vitamin-supplementation produced its greatest effect on the dry matter production, primarily on the K. marxianus DSM 4908 strain, while it was less beneficent when it comes to the figures of wet cell mass. In addition, it can be assumed that vitamin supplementation increased the maximum specific rate of growth (μmax) and decreased the generation time (tg) significantly. In the case of the K. marxianus yeast strain on corn steep liquor treated with vitamin-supplementation, the highest (μmax) and the lowest (tg) data were observed [(0.226 h-1) and (4.4 h), respectively]. Based on the results it was found that K. marxianus DSM 4908 is expedient to be applied on corn steep liquor medium in order to determine its suitability to produce additive for feeding.

scholarly journals Addition of molasses, corn steep liquor, and rice polish as economical sources to enhance the fungal biomass production of wheat straw by Arachniotus sp.

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 332-336
Author(s):  
Faisal SHAHZAD ◽  
Muhammad ABDULLAH ◽  
Abdul Shakoor CHAUDHRY ◽  
Abu Saeed HASHMI ◽  
Jalees Ahmed BHATTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Steep Liquor

scholarly journals Optimization of inulinase production using copra waste by K. marxianus var. marxianus

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dilipkumar ◽  
M. Rajasimman ◽  
N. Rajamohan
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Statistical Methodology ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Burman Design ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Plackett Burman Design

Kluyveromyces marxianus var marxianus was found to secrete a large amount of extracellular inulinase in to the medium. The optimization of inulinase production using copra waste as carbon source was performed with statistical methodology based on experimental designs. The screening of eighteen nutrients for their influence on inulinase production was achieved using a Plackett-Burman design. Corn steep liquor, (NH4)2SO4, ZnSO4.7H2O, K2HPO4 and urea were selected based on their positive influence on inulinase production. The selected components were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions are: corn steep liquor - 0.0560 (g/gds), (NH4)2SO4 - 0.0084 (g/gds), ZnSO4.7H2O - 0.0254 (g/gds), K2HPO4 - 0.0037 (g/gds) and urea - 0.02147 (g/gds). These conditions were validated experimentally which revealed an enhanced inulinase yield of 372 U/gds.

scholarly journals Producing Functional Fatty Acid DHA from Corn Steep Liquor by Aurantiochytrium SW1

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-383
Author(s):  
Xiaojie Ren ◽  
Qi Yan ◽  
Baoyue Liu ◽  
Yu Du ◽  
Xinhe Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Steep Liquor

Influence of ad libitum feeding of urea-treated wheat straw with or without corn steep liquor on intake, in situ digestion kinetics, nitrogen metabolism, and nutrient digestion in Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahr-un-Nisa ◽  
M. Sarwar ◽  
M. Ajmal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
N Metabolism ◽  
Digestion Kinetics ◽  
Steep Liquor

Influence of different levels of corn steep liquor (CSL) on chemical composition of urea-treated wheat straw (UTWS), feed intake, ruminal characteristics, digestion kinetics, nitrogen (N) metabolism, and nutrient digestibility by ruminally cannulated buffalo bulls was studied using 4 × 4 Latin square design. Wheat straw was treated with 5% urea and ensiled with 0, 3, 6, and 9% CSL on a dry matter (DM) basis and was ensiled in laboratory silos for 5, 10, and 15 days. Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) contents of UTWS ensiled with 0, 3, 6, and 9% CSL were 74.01, 76.16, 77.34, and 78.93%, respectively. Acid detergent fibre (ADF), cellulose, and lignin were similar across treatments. The increase in NDF content was due to increased neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen (NDIN), as when NDF was calculated on crude protein (CP)-free basis (NDF – NDIN × 6.25), its concentration was same for UTWS ensiled with or without CSL. Four diets were formulated to contain 20% concentrate and 80% UTWS ensiled with or without CSL. Dry matter, digestible DM, organic matter (OM), CP, ADF, and NDF intakes were higher in bulls fed UTWS ensiled with CSL. Significant increases in both DM disappearance and rate of disappearance and a reduction in lag time of UTWS ensiled with CSL was noticed. There were significant differences in ruminal ammonia concentrations between diets containing UTWS ensiled with or without CSL at 3, 6, and 12 h postprandial. Higher digestibilities for DM, OM, CP, ADF, and NDF were noted with UTWS ensiled with CSL. Nitrogen balance was positive for all animals; however, the animals fed UTWS ensiled with CSL retained higher amount of N. These results indicated that CSL was very effective in enhancing the utilisation of ammoniated straw for buffaloes by minimising the nutrient loss at ruminal and cellular levels.

scholarly journals Oleaginous yeasts respond differently to carbon sources present in lignocellulose hydrolysate

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jule Brandenburg ◽  
Johanna Blomqvist ◽  
Volha Shapaval ◽  
Achim Kohler ◽  
Sabine Sampels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Lipomyces Starkeyi ◽  
Oleaginous Yeasts ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Lignocellulose Hydrolysate ◽  
Lipid Formation ◽  
Wheat Straw Hydrolysate ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Microbial oils, generated from lignocellulosic material, have great potential as renewable and sustainable alternatives to fossil-based fuels and chemicals. By unravelling the diversity of lipid accumulation physiology in different oleaginous yeasts grown on the various carbon sources present in lignocellulose hydrolysate (LH), new targets for optimisation of lipid accumulation can be identified. Monitoring lipid formation over time is essential for understanding lipid accumulation physiology. This study investigated lipid accumulation in a variety of oleaginous ascomycetous and basidiomycetous strains grown in glucose and xylose and followed lipid formation kinetics of selected strains in wheat straw hydrolysate (WSH). Results Twenty-nine oleaginous yeast strains were tested for their ability to utilise glucose and xylose, the main sugars present in WSH. Evaluation of sugar consumption and lipid accumulation revealed marked differences in xylose utilisation capacity between the yeast strains, even between those belonging to the same species. Five different promising strains, belonging to the species Lipomyces starkeyi, Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodotorula babjevae and Rhodotorula toruloides, were grown on undiluted wheat straw hydrolysate and lipid accumulation was followed over time, using Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. All five strains were able to grow on undiluted WSH and to accumulate lipids, but to different extents and with different productivities. R. babjevae DVBPG 8058 was the best-performing strain, accumulating 64.8% of cell dry weight (CDW) as lipids. It reached a culture density of 28 g/L CDW in batch cultivation, resulting in a lipid content of 18.1 g/L and yield of 0.24 g lipids per g carbon source. This strain formed lipids from the major carbon sources in hydrolysate, glucose, acetate and xylose. R. glutinis CBS 2367 also consumed these carbon sources, but when assimilating xylose it consumed intracellular lipids simultaneously. Rhodotorula strains contained a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids than the two tested Lipomyces starkeyi strains. Conclusions There is considerable metabolic diversity among oleaginous yeasts, even between closely related species and strains, especially when converting xylose to biomass and lipids. Monitoring the kinetics of lipid accumulation and identifying the molecular basis of this diversity are keys to selecting suitable strains for high lipid production from lignocellulose.

scholarly journals Influence of Corn Steep Liquor on Feeding Value of Urea Treated Wheat Straw in Buffaloes Fed at Restricted Diets

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1610-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahr-un-Nisa ◽  
M. Ajmal Khan ◽  
M. Sarwar ◽  
W. S. Lee ◽  
H. J. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Steep Liquor

scholarly journals The Production of Lipids Using 5-Hydorxymethy Furfural Tolerant Rhodotorula graminis Grown on the Hydrolyzates of Steam Pretreated Softwoods

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Nakagame ◽  
Yuta Shimizu ◽  
Jack N. Saddler
Keyword(s):  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Oleaginous Yeasts ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Lignocellulosic Substrates ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Lipids Production

Acid catalyzed (SO2) steam pretreated softwoods inevitably contain furans such as 5-hydorxymethy furfural (HMF) and furfural, which are derived from the respective degradation of component hexoses and pentoses. As these materials are known to be inhibitory to fermentation, six oleaginous yeasts were grown on corn steep liquor (CSL) medium containing HMF (0.2%) and furfural (0.1%) to assess their resistance to possible inhibition and its possible influence on lipid production. R. graminis showed the highest tolerance to HMF (0.2%) and furfural (0.1%) when they were added individually to the CSL medium. However, when both HMF (0.2%) and furfural (0.1%) were added together, this inhibited the growth of R. graminis. Subsequent evaporation of the CSL medium successfully removed furfural from the CSL medium and increased the sugar concentration. However, the residual concentration of HMF (0.4%) still inhibited R. graminis growth. To try to improve HMF tolerance, R. graminis was slowly acclimatized in medium containing HMF (0.4%) and was eventually able to produce 1.8 g/L of lipids after four days of growth in the HMF containing medium. This was close to the same amount of lipid produced as when R. graminis was grown in the CSL medium without HMF and furfural. This indicated that an acclimatization strategy is a promising way to enhance lipids production when R. graminis is grown on the hydrolyzates of SO2-catalyzed steam pretreated lignocellulosic substrates.

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